Results for 'David P. Schmitt'

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  1. Sociosexuality from argentina to zimbabwe: A 48-nation study of sex, culture, and strategies of human mating.David P. Schmitt - 2005 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (2):247-275.
    The Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (SOI; Simpson & Gangestad 1991) is a self-report measure of individual differences in human mating strategies. Low SOI scores signify that a person is sociosexually restricted, or follows a more monogamous mating strategy. High SOI scores indicate that an individual is unrestricted, or has a more promiscuous mating strategy. As part of the International Sexuality Description Project (ISDP), the SOI was translated from English into 25 additional languages and administered to a total sample of 14,059 people (...)
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  2.  75
    Sexual Strategies Theory: An evolutionary perspective on human mating.David M. Buss & David P. Schmitt - 1993 - Psychological Review 100 (2):204-232.
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  3.  28
    Measuring sociosexuality across people and nations: Revisiting the strengths and weaknesses of cross-cultural sex research.David P. Schmitt - 2005 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (2):297-304.
    My response to the commentaries highlights three main points. First, the Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (SOI) has demonstrated adequate reliability and validity across dozens of studies, and it deserves its reputation as a useful measure of basic human mating strategies. Second, the sampling limitations of the International Sexuality Description Project (ISDP) do not negate the conclusion that sex differences in sociosexuality are likely universal across cultures. Third, the ISDP results support several theories of human sexuality, although some are based on faulty (...)
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  4.  12
    Sexual Dials (Not Switches) Theory: An Evolutionary Perspective on Sex and Gender Complexity.David P. Schmitt - 2017 - Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture 1 (1):93-102.
  5.  13
    Where the psychological adaptations hit the ecological road.Peter K. Jonason & David P. Schmitt - 2017 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 40:e87.
    We argue that the target authors focus too much on adaptive behavioralresponsesand not enough on actual psychologicaladaptations. We suggest the Dark Triad traits may represent facultative, psychological adaptations sensitive to seasonal variance and food shortages. We document that shorter distances from the equator are linked to higher national narcissism levels, whereas longer distances are associated with higher national-level machiavellianism. Dark Triad traits may serve as critical survival mechanisms when prioritizing oneself over and/or at the cost of others.
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  6.  34
    Mate guarding and frequent in-pair copulation in humans.Todd K. Shackelford, Aaron T. Goetz, Faith E. Guta & David P. Schmitt - 2006 - Human Nature 17 (3):239-252.
    Cuckoldry is an adaptive problem faced by parentally investing males of socially monogamous species (e.g., humans and many avian species). Mate guarding and frequent in-pair copulation (IPC) may have evolved as anti-cuckoldry tactics in avian species and in humans. In some avian species, the tactics are used concurrently, with the result that mate guarding behaviors and IPC frequency are correlated positively. In other avian species, the tactics are compensatory, with the result that mate guarding behaviors and IPC frequency are correlated (...)
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  7.  51
    Romantic jealousy in early adulthood and in later life.Todd K. Shackelford, Martin Voracek, David P. Schmitt, David M. Buss, Viviana A. Weekes-Shackelford & Richard L. Michalski - 2004 - Human Nature 15 (3):283-300.
    Young men are more distressed by a partner’s sexual infidelity, whereas young women are more distressed by a partner’s emotional infidelity. The present research investigated (a) whether the sex difference in jealousy replicates in an older sample, and (b) whether younger people differ from older people in their selection of the more distressing infidelity scenario. We presented forced-choice dilemmas to 202 older people (mean age = 67 years) and to 234 younger people (mean age = 20 years). The sex difference (...)
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  8.  16
    The Lives of Those Who Would Be Immortal [review of David Leavitt, The Indian Clerk: a Novel ].Richard Henry Schmitt - 2007 - Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 27 (2):272-279.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:March 13, 2008 (7:35 pm) G:\WPData\TYPE2702\russell 27,2 054.wpd 272 Reviews 1 See Brian J.yL. Berry and Donald C. Dahmen, “Paul Wheatley, 1921–1999”, Annals of the Association of American Geographers 91 (2001): 734–47. THE LIVES OF THOSE WHO WOULD BE IMMORTAL Richard Henry Schmitt U. of Chicago Chicago, il 60637, usa [email protected] David Leavitt. The Indian Clerk: a Novel. London: Bloomsbury, 2008; New York: Bloomsbury, 2007. Pp. 485. (...)
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  9.  6
    The destroyed world and the guilty self: a psychoanalytic study of culture and politics.David P. Levine - 2019 - Oxfordshire [ England]: Phoenix Publishing House. Edited by Matthew H. Bowker.
    David Levine and Mathew Bowker explore cultural and political trends organized around the conviction that the world we live in is a dangerous place to be, that it is dominated by hate and destruction, and that in it our primary task is to survive by carrying on a life-long struggle against hostile forces. Their method involves the analysis of public fantasies to reveal their hidden meanings. The central fantasy explored is the fantasy of a destroyed world, which appears most (...)
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  10. Fatalism for Presentists.David P. Hunt - 2020 - In Per Hasle, David Jakobsen & Peter Ohstrom (eds.), The Metaphysics of Time: Themes on Prior. Aalborg University Press. pp. 299-316.
  11.  91
    Morality and rational self-interest.David P. Gauthier - 1970 - Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,: Prentice-Hall.
    Reason, egoism, and utilitarianism, by H. Sidgwick.--Is egoism reasonable? By G. E. Moore.--Ultimate principles and ethical egoism, by B. Medlin.--In defense of egoism, by J. Kalin.--Virtuous affections and self-love, by F. Hutcheson.--Our obligation to virtue, by D. Hume.--Duty and interest, by H. A. Prichard.--The natural condition of mankind and the laws of nature, by T. Hobbes.--Why should we be moral? By K. Baier.--Morality and advantage, by D. P. Gauthier.--Bibliographical essay (p. 181-184).
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  12.  6
    Evangelical ethics: a reader.David P. Gushee & Isaac B. Sharp (eds.) - 2015 - Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press.
    Just as it is impossible to understand the American religious landscape without some familiarity with evangelicalism, one cannot grasp the shape of contemporary Christian ethics without knowing the contributions of evangelical Protestants. This newest addition to the Library of Theological Ethics series begins by examining the core dynamic with which all evangelical ethics grapples: belief in an authoritative, inspired, and unchanging biblical text on the one hand, and engagement with a rapidly evolving and increasingly post-Christian culture on the other. It (...)
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  13. What Does God Know? The Problems of Open Theism.David P. Hunt - 2009 - In Paul Copan & William Lane Craig (eds.), Contending with Christianity's Critics. B&H Publishing. pp. 265-282.
  14.  12
    Hobbes and Political Contractarianism: Selected Writings.David P. Gauthier - 2022 - Oxford: Oxford University Press. Edited by Susan Dimock.
    This book presents a selection of David Gauthier's writings on Thomas Hobbes and the theory of political contractarianism. The essays cover topics including Hobbes on law, social contract theory, and public reason.
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    Depending on strangers: freedom, memory, and the unknown self.David P. Levine - 2021 - Oxfordshire: Phoenix Publishing House.
    In this book, David Levine explores the unknown self. The unknown self is the self existing as a potential to become something yet to be determined. The shape our personalities and life experiences take depends on a process. At the outset of this process, the self is, in a sense, a stranger; both to us and to others. The more this is the case, the greater the openness of the process of self-formation to a kind of freedom, which is (...)
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  16. Morals by agreement.David P. Gauthier - 1986 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Is morality rational? In this book Gauthier argues that moral principles are principles of rational choice. He proposes a principle whereby choice is made on an agreed basis of cooperation, rather than according to what would give an individual the greatest expectation of value. He shows that such a principle not only ensures mutual benefit and fairness, thus satisfying the standards of morality, but also that each person may actually expect greater utility by adhering to morality, even though the choice (...)
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  17.  18
    Truth: A Primer.Marian David & Frederick F. Schmitt - 1997 - Philosophical Review 106 (3):441.
    Schmitt allots a chapter to each of the main types of theories about truth: pragmatism, coherentism, deflationism, and the correspondence theory. He discusses various arguments for these positions and concludes that only the arguments supporting the correspondence theory are successful. Schmitt's positive case for correspondence makes up the least original part of the book. He explicitly credits Field and remarks that he is mainly concerned with making Field's difficult account more accessible —a task that he discharges honorably..) (...) also offers detailed discussions of about fifteen negative arguments aimed against pragmatism, coherentism, and deflationism. He finds most of them effective, with the result that the correspondence theory emerges as the only tenable account of truth. He discusses some objections but seems somewhat less eager to raise problems for his own view than for its competitors. (shrink)
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  18.  4
    Buddhist biology: ancient Eastern wisdom meets modern Western science.David P. Barash - 2014 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    A science sutra -- Non-self (Anatman) -- Impermanence (Anitya) -- Connectedness (Pratitya-Samutpada) -- Engagement, part 1 (Dukkha) -- Engagement, part 2 (Karma) -- Meaning (existential Biobuddhism?).
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  19. Seeing is believing: The effect of brain images on judgments of scientific reasoning.David P. McCabe & Alan D. Castel - 2008 - Cognition 107 (1):343-352.
  20.  4
    In the fray: contesting Christian public ethics, 1994-2013.David P. Gushee - 2014 - Eugene, Oregon: Cascade Books.
    In the Fray collects David Gushee's most significant essays over twenty years as a Christian intellectual. Most of the essays were written in situations of ethical conflict on the highly contested ground of Christian public ethics. Topics addressed include torture, climate change, marriage and divorce, the treatment of gays and lesbians in the church, war, genocide, nuclear weapons, race, global poverty, faith and politics, Israel/Palestine, and even whether Christian ethics is a real academic discipline. Quite visible in the collection (...)
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  21. The logic of Leviathan: the moral and political theory of Thomas Hobbes.David P. Gauthier - 1969 - Oxford,: Clarendon P..
    I THE NATURE OF MAN To understand morals and politics, understand man. Leviathan , 'that mortal god, to which we owe under the immortal God, our peace and ...
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  22. Collective Intentionality.David P. Schweikard & Hans Bernhard Schmid - 2012 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  23. Moral responsibility and unavoidable action.David P. Hunt - 2000 - Philosophical Studies 97 (2):195-227.
    The principle of alternate possibilities (PAP), making the ability to do otherwise a necessary condition for moral responsibility, is supposed by Harry Frankfurt, John Fischer, and others to succumb to a peculiar kind of counterexample. The paper reviews the main problems with the counterexample that have surfaced over the years, and shows how most can be addressed within the terms of the current debate. But one problem seems ineliminable: because Frankfurt''s example relies on a counterfactual intervener to preclude alternatives to (...)
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  24.  14
    The Logic of Leviathan: The Moral and Political Theory of Thomas Hobbes.David P. Gauthier - 1969 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    The Logic of Leviathan The Moral and Political Theory of Thomas Hobbes.
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  25. Moral responsibility and buffered alternatives.David P. Hunt - 2005 - Midwest Studies in Philosophy 29 (1):126–145.
  26.  43
    On the validity of remember–know judgments: Evidence from think aloud protocols.David P. McCabe, Lisa Geraci, Jeffrey K. Boman, Amanda E. Sensenig & Matthew G. Rhodes - 2011 - Consciousness and Cognition 20 (4):1625-1633.
    The use of remember–know judgments to assess subjective experience associated with memory retrieval, or as measures of recollection and familiarity processes, has been controversial. In the current study we had participants think aloud during study and provide verbal reports at test for remember–know and confidence judgments. Results indicated that the vast majority of remember judgments for studied items were associated with recollection from study , but this correspondence was less likely for high-confidence judgments . Instead, high-confidence judgments were more likely (...)
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  27. Morality and advantage.David P. Gauthier - 1967 - Philosophical Review 76 (4):460-475.
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  28.  7
    Toleranz und Solidarität.David P. Schweikard - 2011 - In Ralf Stoecker, Christian Neuhäuser & Marie-Luise Raters (eds.), Handbuch Angewandte Ethik. Stuttgart: Verlag J.B. Metzler. pp. 247-253.
    FürSolidarität die Politische Philosophie und die Politische Ethik sind Analysen praktischer Haltungen und sozialer Praktiken besonders dann interessant, wenn sie auf Gemeinschaft konstituierende Merkmale verweisen und mit der Überwindung von gesellschaftlichen Spannungen oder Konflikten in Verbindung gebracht werden. Toleranz und Solidarität werden als solche praktische Haltungen zur Herausforderung für die philosophische Reflexion, insofern Akteur:innen diese Haltungen angesichts weitreichender Unterschiede oder Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen Lebensentwürfen und Grundüberzeugungen einnehmen. Allerdings wird in der Reflexion über diese Haltungen ihr Vorliegen nicht nur konstatiert, sondern sie (...)
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  29.  50
    Moral dealing: contract, ethics, and reason.David P. Gauthier - 1990 - Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
  30. Property and Contract in Economics: The Case for Economic Democracy.David P. Ellerman - 1992 - Blackwell.
    From a pre-publication review by the late Austrian economist, Don Lavoie, of George Mason University: -/- "The book's radical re-interpretation of property and contract is, I think, among the most powerful critiques of mainstream economics ever developed. It undermines the neoclassical way of thinking about property by articulating a theory of inalienable rights, and constructs out of this perspective a "labor theory of property" which is as different from Marx's labor theory of value as it is from neoclassicism. It traces (...)
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  31. The Logic of Leviathan. The Moral and Political Theory of Thomas Hobbes.David P. Gauthier - 1971 - Studia Leibnitiana 3 (4):293-296.
  32. Practical reasoning.David P. Gauthier - 1963 - Oxford,: Clarendon Press.
  33.  2
    Practical reasoning.David P. Gauthier - 1963 - Oxford,: Clarendon Press.
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  34.  22
    Contingencies of selection, reinforcement, and survival.David P. Barash - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (4):680-680.
  35.  9
    Justice and the way of Jesus: Christian ethics and the incarnational discipleship of Glen Stassen.Glen Harold Stassen, David P. Gushee & Reggie L. Williams (eds.) - 2020 - Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books.
    Eighteen Christian theologians and ethicists offer a rich engagement with the theological ethics of Glen Stassen (1936-2014).
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  36. Divine Providence and Simple Foreknowledge.David P. Hunt - 1993 - Faith and Philosophy 10 (3):394-414.
  37.  41
    Relationships between shame and guilt in the socializing process.David P. Ausubel - 1955 - Psychological Review 62 (5):378-390.
  38. Practical Reasoning.David P. Gauthier - 1965 - Mind 74 (293):116-125.
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  39. Mohammed Abdellaoui/Editorial Statement 1–2 Mohammed Abdellaoui and Peter P. Wakker/The likelihood Method for Decision Under Uncertainty 3–76 AAJ Marley and R. Duncan Luce/Independence Properties Vis--Vis Several Utility Representations 77–143. [REVIEW]Davide P. Cervone, William V. Gehrlein, William S. Zwicker, Which Scoring Rule Maximizes Condorcet, Marcello Basili, Alain Chateauneuf & Fulvio Fontini - 2005 - Theory and Decision 58:409-410.
     
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  40. Frankfurt Counterexamples: Some Comments on the Widerker-Fischer Debate.David P. Hunt - 1996 - Faith and Philosophy 13 (3):395-401.
    One strategy in recent discussions of theological fatalism is to draw on Harry Frankfurt’s famous counterexamples to the principle of alternate possibilities (PAP) to defend human freedom from divine foreknowledge. For those who endorse this line, “Frankfurt counterexamples” are supposed to show that PAP is false, and this conclusion is then extended to the foreknowledge case. This makes it critical to determine whether Frankfurt counterexamples perform as advertised, an issue recently debated in this journal via a pair of articles by (...)
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  41.  20
    The New International Health Regulations: An Historic Development for International Law and Public Health.David P. Fidler & Lawrence O. Gostin - 2006 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 34 (1):85-94.
    The World Health Assembly adopted the new International Health Regulations on May 23, 2005. The new IHR represent the culmination of a decade-long revision process and an historic development for international law and public health. The new IHR appear at a moment when public health, security, and democracy have become intertwined, addressed at the highest levels of government. The United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan, for example, identified IHR revision as a priority for moving humanity toward “larger freedom.” This article analyzes (...)
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  42.  38
    Rationality, Justice and the Social Contract: Themes from Morals by Agreement.David P. Gauthier & Robert Sugden - 1993
    Here a group of philosophers, economists and political theorists discuss the work of David Gauthier, which seeks to show that rational individuals would accept certain moral constraints on their choices. The possibilities and limitations of a contractarian approach to issues of justice is analyzed.
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  43. Theological Fatalism as an Aporetic Problem.David P. Hunt - 2017 - In Free Will and Classical Theism: The Significance of Freedom in Perfect Being Theology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 23-41.
  44.  42
    Thoughts on Time, Space and Existence.David P. Abbott - 1906 - The Monist 16 (3):433-450.
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    General Practice and Rural Health Reform.David P. Adams & Robert J. Fitrakis - 1993 - Professional Ethics, a Multidisciplinary Journal 2 (3-4):59-82.
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  46. Category theory and concrete universals.David P. Ellerman - 1988 - Erkenntnis 28 (3):409 - 429.
  47.  68
    Intellectual Trespassing as a Way of Life: Essays in Philosophy, Economics, and Mathematics.David P. Ellerman - 1995 - Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
    Dramatic changes or revolutions in a field of science are often made by outsiders or 'trespassers,' who are not limited by the established, 'expert' approaches. Each essay in this diverse collection shows the fruits of intellectual trespassing and poaching among fields such as economics, Kantian ethics, Platonic philosophy, category theory, double-entry accounting, arbitrage, algebraic logic, series-parallel duality, and financial arithmetic.
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  48.  24
    Through the Quarantine Looking Glass: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Public Health Governance, Law, and Ethics.David P. Fidler, Lawrence O. Gostin & Howard Markel - 2007 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 35 (4):616-628.
    The incident in May-June 2007 involving a U.S. citizen traveling internationally while infected with drug-resistant tuberculosis involved the U.S. federal government's application of its quarantine and isolation powers. The incident and the isolation order raised numerous important issues for public health governance, law, and ethics. This article explores many of these issues by examining how the exercise of quarantine powers provides a powerful lens through which to understand how societies respond to and attempt to govern threats posed by dangerous, contagious (...)
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  49. On Augustine’s Way Out.David P. Hunt - 1999 - Faith and Philosophy 16 (1):3-26.
    This paper seeks to rehabilitate St. Augustine’s widely dismissed response to the alleged incompatibility of divine foreknowledge and free will. This requires taking a fresh look at his analysis in On Free Choice of the Will, and arguing its relevance to the current debate. Along the way, mistaken interpretations of Augustine are rebutted, his real solution is developed and defended, a reason for his not anticipating Boethius’s a temporalist solution is suggested, a favorable comparison with Ockham is made, rival solutions (...)
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  50. Locke on Persons and Personal Identity.David P. Behan - 1979 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 9 (1):53 - 75.
    Criticism of Locke's account of personal identity has proceeded cumulatively. Three years after the publication of the chapter “Of Identity and Diversity”, John Sergeant raised an objection which, in Bishop Butler's hands, was to become famous as the dictum that “one should really think it self-evident that consciousness of personal identity presupposes, and therefore cannot constitute, personal identity: any more than knowledge, in any other case, can constitute truth, which it presupposes”. Berkeley added, in effect, that when consciousness is taken (...)
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