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  1. Grotius and English Charters.James Muldoon - forthcoming - New Content is Available for Grotiana.
    _ Source: _Page Count 27 When examined collectively the trade and colonization charters that Tudor and Stuart monarchs issued demonstrate a developing English conception of world order based on trade monopolies and not on ecclesiastical premises or on the Grotian notion of freedom of the seas. There were therefore three early modern conceptions of how an international order might be created, not one, all of which affected European trade with the Americas and Asia. They all began with the assumption that (...)
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  2. Grotius’s Via Media.Sebastián Contreras Aguirre - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):366-389.
    Grotius’s theory of the foundations of law and morality follows a sort of middle way between rationalism and voluntarism. Grotius, far from both extremes, defends both the normative force of the will and the directive power of practical reason. On this basis, he explains that reason serves as the formal cause of law and the will as the efficient cause. Now, the command of the will alone is not yet valid as a law. It must conform to reason. Reasoning so, (...)
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  3. Emerging State Practice on Maritime Limits: A Grotian Moment Unveiling a Hidden Truth?Snjólaug Árnadóttir - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):4-29.
    The legal order of the oceans has seen rapid developments and paradigm shifts. At least one of them has been described as a textbook example of a Grotian Moment: the emergence of the customary international law on the continental shelf, stemming from increased demand for oil and gas, coupled with technological advances and the Truman Proclamation of 1945. Now, eighty years later, the law of the sea is again faced with fundamental changes as the basis for maritime limits is eroded (...)
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  4. Nuremberg and Grotius’s Scholarship as Non-Grotian Moments: On Novelty-Bolstering in International Law.Ziv Bohrer - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):30-64.
    Since its 1980s coining by Richard Falk, the ‘Grotian Moment’ concept has garnered popularity in international law discourse, denoting a rapid, paradigm-shifting development in international law. This concept builds upon a prevalent recollection of two past events as such paradigm-shifts. The first is, obviously, the ‘original’ Grotian Moment, anointing Grotius as the Father of International Law, mainly for publishing, in 1625, his ground-breaking treatise, De Jure Belli ac Pacis, which is said to had brought about a momentous paradigm-shift that gave (...)
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  5. In the Shadow of the Great Powers: Freedom of the Sea and Neutrality in the Long Eighteenth Century.Stefano Cattelan - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):145-153.
    This note announces the launch of a research project at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel with the generous support of the Carlsberg Foundation and guidance from Prof. dr. Frederik Dhondt. The project explores the early steps of one of the most dynamic and debated branches of international law, namely the law of the sea. It focuses on the interactions between the principle of the freedom of the sea, maritime neutrality and small powers’ diplomacy in the long eighteenth century. Analysing the rich (...)
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  6. Contract before the Enlightenment: The Ideas of James Dalrymple, Viscount Stair, 1619–1695, written by Stephen Bogle.Matthew Cleary - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):391-393.
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  7. Hugo Grotius’s De Iure Belli ac Pacis: A Report on the Worldwide Census of the Seventh Edition (1646).Matthew Cleary, Edward Jones Corredera, Pablo Nicolas Dufour, Jonathan Nathan, Emanuele Salerno & Mark Somos - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):154-180.
    This research note offers a contextual overview of the printing history of Johann Blaeu’s 1646 octavo edition of Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis (ibp). The note examines the printing process of the last edition that was prepared while Grotius was still alive, though it was published after his death. The note also sheds light on the theological dimension of some readers’ annotations, and concludes by discussing the impact this edition had on the modern versions of the text.
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  8. Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: A Report on the Worldwide Census of the 1650 Edition.Matthew Cleary, Edward Jones Corredera, Pablo Nicolas Dufour, Jonathan Nathan, Emanuele Salerno & Mark Somos - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):197-216.
    This note studies the 1650 edition of Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis. Using online and card catalogues, we have located eighty-nine copies, thirty-seven of which we examined in person, with an additional six fully digitised copies online. We hope that this research note on the preliminary results will generate greater interest in this unduly neglected edition. The note shows how, despite the connection established in the history of seventeenth-century politics that emphasized the ties between Grotius and the Peace (...)
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  9. Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: Henricus Laurentius’ Re-Issue (1647) of the 1631 Edition.Matthew Cleary, Edward Jones Corredera, Pablo Nicolas Dufour, Jonathan Nathan, Emanuele Salerno & Mark Somos - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):181-196.
    This research note is the eighth instalment in our series of preliminary findings on the census and study of the reception of De iure belli ac pacis. The note presents a bibliographical description of Laurentius’ 1647 re-issue of the 1631 edition by Blaeu, considers Laurentius’ motivation and methods of production, lists and maps the currently known twenty-three surviving copies, and briefly describes two notable exemplars.
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  10. Capitalism: The Story Behind the Word, written by Michael Sonenscher Free Market: The History of an Idea, written by Jacob Soll.Edward Jones Corredera - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):230-236.
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  11. Grotius and Limited Liability.Dave de Ruysscher - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):334-365.
    Grotius’s ideas on proportionate and limited liability, as mentioned in the Inleidinge and De iure belli ac pacis, were novel in comparison to the civilian doctrine of his time. Grotius drew from sources of local law and statutes regarding maritime law but was nonetheless original in his interpretations. Grotius proposed to consider the liability of co-owners of ships (reders, exercitores), who acted as organizers of maritime expeditions, and of others that were participating in these expeditions, as broad. At the same (...)
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  12. Grotius’s Contribution to Commercial and Maritime Law.Dave de Ruysscher - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):241-245.
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  13. Grotius and Insolvency.Maurits den Hollander - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):276-292.
    This article considers Hugo Grotius’s ideas on a specific topic of commercial law, analysing his position and potential contributions to early modern Dutch insolvency legislation. It might be questioned how ‘Hollandic’ Grotius’s interpretations of legal solutions for insolvency as presented in the Inleidinge tot de Hollandsche Rechts-Geleerdheid actually were. Grotius’s treatment of cessie van goede is relatively strict, whereas compositions are hardly mentioned. A rather different image rises from his later work. Here, Grotius displays a more radical view, in specific (...)
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  14. Representation in Business: Grotius’s Inleidinge and the Ius Commune Tradition in the Low Countries.Wouter Druwé - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):293-333.
    In his Inleidinge tot de Hollandsche Rechts-geleerdheid, Hugo Grotius wrote an accessible introductory overview of Hollandic law, in which he combined insights from the learned law (ius commune) with the particular law of Holland. The Inleidinge was read by generations of Dutch law students, and would thus become very influential in the Roman-Dutch tradition. This contribution studies how the topic of representation, especially in a business context, was treated in Grotius’s Inleidinge. On the basis of an analysis of the Justinianic (...)
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  15. Reformation, Resistance, and Reason of State (1517–1625), written by Sarah Mortimer.Ioannis D. Evrigenis - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):217-223.
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  16. Hugo Grotius als Wegbereiter des Menschenrechts auf Asyl und des modernen Rechts zum Schutz geflüchteter Personen vor ernsthaftem Schaden, written by Rainer Keil.Jacob Giltaij - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):404-407.
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  17. The Cambridge Companion to Pufendorf, edited by Knud Haakonssen and Ian Hunter.Heikki Haara - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):224-229.
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  18. Portraits of Women in International Law: New Names and Forgotten Faces?, edited by Immi Tallgren.Francesca Iurlaro - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):399-403.
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  19. Grotius on War and Peace in English Translation, written by William Elliott Butler.Jonathan Nathan - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):237-239.
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  20. ‘Holding Fast to the Heritage of Freedom’: the Grotian Moment(s) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Early United Nations (1941–1949). [REVIEW]Daniel R. Quiroga-Villamarín - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):94-115.
    As our contemporary international order seems to come apart at its seams in the trenches of Eastern Europe, many observers have sought solace in the promises made by the historical crucible in which this order was forged. It was, after all, in the aftermath of a previous global conflagration that a planetary constellation of statespeople attempted to create an architecture that would save ‘succeeding generations from the scourge of war’ under the aegis of the ‘United Nations Organization’ (uno). In hindsight, (...)
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  21. Sepúlveda on the Spanish Invasion of the Americas: Defending Empire, Debating Las Casas, edited and translated by Luke Glanville, David Lupher, and Maya Feile Tomes.Daniel Schwartz - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):394-398.
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  22. Grotian Moments, Vol. 3: Introduction.Tom Sparks & Mark Somos - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):1-3.
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  23. Hugo’s Moments, Maria’s Everyday Chores? Discords in the Search for Grotian Moments for Women’s Rights in International Law.Immi Tallgren - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (1):116-144.
    This chapter would have liked to invite its readers on an exciting but breath-taking journey through the historical landscapes of international law, since ‘time immemorial’ a male-centred and, until the 1990s, almost exclusively male intellectual tradition and professional practice – at least in the eyes of the currently dominating historiography. Helas, the ambition had to be downscaled into a few rapid zooms, touristic snapshots in an impressionistic mode, on seven contexts in time and space in a hasty timeline from the (...)
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  24. Grotius’s Contribution to the Law of Secured Credit.Vincent J. M. van Hoof - 2023 - Grotiana 44 (2):247-275.
    Over the centuries, Grotius’s writings on onderzetting (rights of hypothec) have been widely cited, particularly in the Netherlands and South Africa. This article investigates the originality and lasting impact of Grotius’s contributions to this field. The article follows the layout of the chapter on hypothecs of Grotius’s Inleiding tot de Hollandsche Rechts-geleertheyd. It examines Grotius’s translation of hypotheca as onderzetting, the structure of his Inleiding, the distinctions between various kinds of hypothec, and contemporary requirements for the creation of hypothecs. It (...)
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  25. Francesca Iurlaro, The Invention of Custom: Natural Law and the Law of Nations, ca. 1550–1750.David Armitage - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (2):465-467.
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  26. Ancient Geographers and Modern Travelogues in the Early Seventeenth Century. The Difference between Hugo Grotius’s Bewys van den waren Godsdienst (1622) and De veritate religionis christianae (1627–40). [REVIEW]Silke-Petra Bergjan - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):187-207.
    The Bewys van den waren Godsdienst and De veritate religionis Christianae originated against the background of Grotius’s familiarity with classical literature. To understand the innovative impact of these writings, the historical method applied must be considered. Grotius did not rely on authorities, but was compiling historical witnesses for the three religions. The availability and visibility of the witness reports are regularly referred to in the text. Thus, history and classical historians enter the picture. Interestingly, this cannot be separated from the (...)
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  27. Luke Glanville, Sharing Responsibility – The History and Future of Protection from Atrocities.Camila Boisen - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (2):468-474.
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  28. International Environmental Law: of Sovereignty, Complexity, and Grotian Moments.Jutta Brunnée - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):3-24.
    The Grotian Moment concept provides a lens through which to reflect on the enduring hold of state sovereignty on international environmental law. The article traces the development of the field’s customary rule framework and canvasses efforts to push its conceptual boundaries beyond the inter-state paradigm. Given their dominant role in the field, the article then provides a brief overview of treaty-based approaches to the development of international environmental law. It focuses on the global response to the climate emergency, as illustrative (...)
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  29. Valentina Vadi, War and Peace. Alberico Gentili and the Early Modern Law of Nations.Alberto Clerici - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):273-277.
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  30. Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: A Report on the Worldwide Census of the Fourth Edition (1632, Janssonius).Edward Jones Corredera, Pablo Nicolas Dufour, Lara Muschel, Emanuele Salerno, Timothy Twining & Mark Somos - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (2):395-411.
    This is the fourth instalment of our census and study of the reception of the first nine editions of De iure belli ac pacis. Here we focus on the two versions that Johannes Janssonius issued in 1632, one with a copy of Mare liberum attached to it. This report outlines the place of the 1632 Janssonius edition in the context of his long-running rivalry with the printer Willem Blaeu and his firm. It then explores the typographical differences between the two (...)
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  31. Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: A Report on the Worldwide Census of the Fifth Edition (1632, Blaeu).Edward Jones Corredera, Pablo Nicolas Dufour, Lara Muschel, Emanuele Salerno, Timothy Twining & Mark Somos - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (2):412-436.
    This article provides new information on the printing and readership history of the fifth edition of De iure belli ac pacis. Building on our earlier research on the way that the dispute between Willem Janszoon Blaeu and Johannes Janssonius influenced the publication of the 1631 edition of the text, this article studies how Blaeu harnessed his position to make the 1632 edition more reputable than the earlier version published by his rival. The article considers how, over four centuries, readers have (...)
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  32. Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: A Report on the Worldwide Census of the Sixth Edition (1642, Blaeu).Edward Jones Corredera, Pablo Nicolas Dufour, Lara Muschel, Emanuele Salerno, Timothy Twining & Mark Somos - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (2):437-464.
    This article constitutes the sixth instalment in our series on the census and study of the reception of the first nine editions of De iure belli ac pacis. This edition has long held a prominent place in studies and editions of Grotius’s work since it was the last published during his lifetime. The report first outlines the genesis of the edition in the context of Grotius’s relationship with Johann Blaeu (1596–1673) and Cornelius Blaeu (1610–1642), who had recently inherited the Blaeu (...)
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  33. Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: a Report on the Worldwide Census of the First Edition (1625).Edward Jones Corredera, Francesca Iurlaro, Lara Muschel & Mark Somos - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):208-235.
    This article provides new information on the publication history of the first edition of the text that, according to many scholars, laid the ground for the growth of international law: Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis. Drawing on the preliminary findings of the Grotius Census Project at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), the following pages shed light on the first three states of the typescript, the (...)
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  34. Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: a Report on the Worldwide Census of the Second Edition (1626).Edward Jones Corredera, Lara Muschel & Mark Somos - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):236-245.
    The first edition of Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis was published in Paris by Nicolas Buon in 1625. An unauthorised second edition appeared in Frankfurt a year later, from the reputable Wechel press. After Grotius made hundreds of changes to the first and second states of the first edition, and failed to convince the publisher Nicolas Buon of the merits of printing yet another edition of the book, the Wechels’s release of a new edition sought to capitalise on (...)
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  35. Hugo Grotius’s De iure belli ac pacis: a Report on the Worldwide Census of the Third Edition (1631).Edward Jones Corredera, Lara Muschel & Mark Somos - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):246-272.
    Hugo Grotius’s best-known work, De iure belli ac pacis, appeared in 1625 in Paris with the author’s approval. A second unauthorised version was published in 1626 in Frankfurt. In 1631 the Amsterdam publisher, Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571–1638), issued the third edition, this one authorised by the author – and this edition featured nearly a thousand revisions by Grotius. The purpose of this report is to analyse the context behind the publication of this third edition and the copies’ provenance records. Using (...)
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  36. (Meta) Grotian Moment: International Organizations and the Rapid Formation of Customary International Law.Lorenzo Gasbarri - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):113-132.
    In this paper, I first discuss the concept of ‘Grotian Moment’ in the context of the capacity of international organizations to contribute to the formation and identification of customary international law. Afterward, I apply three levels to discuss the time element of the formation of custom. At the micro-level of the institutional practice, the time required to form a customary norm may depend on whether each form of practice is directed to the institutional or to the international dimension. At the (...)
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  37. The Cambridge Companion to Hugo Grotius, ed. by Randall Lesaffer and Janne Nijman.Peter Haggenmacher - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):278-293.
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  38. Sacred Polities, Natural Law and the Law of Nations in the 16th–17th Centuries, edited by Hans W. Blom.Tim Hochstrasser - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (2):475-477.
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  39. Tarik Kochi, Global Justice and Social Conflict: The Foundations of Liberal Order and International Law.Francesca Iurlaro - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):294-300.
  40. David M. Lantigua, Infidels and Empires in a New World Order: Early Modern Spanish Contributions to International Legal Thought.Edward Corredera Jones - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):301-305.
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  41. Justus Lipsius, Monita et exempla politica: Political Admonitions and Examples. Edited with Translation, Commentary and Introduction by Jan Papy, Toon Van Houdt and Marijke Janssens.Lisa Kattenberg - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (2):478-482.
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  42. Klaus Kowalski, Das Vertragsverständnis des Hugo Grotius. Zwischen Gerechtigkeit, Treue und Rechtsübertragung.Michael Milo - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (2):483-491.
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  43. Expanding Universe: Grotian Moments in the Practice of the UN Security Council.Inger Österdahl - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):25-54.
    This contribution explores Grotian Moments in the practice of the UN Security Council in three different but closely related subject areas. The three areas are, in turn, the way the Security Council interprets the concept of ‘threat to the peace’ or more generally ‘international peace and security’, the law-making by the Security Council, and the subjects – in the sense of legal or natural persons – that the Security Council chooses to address. It turns out that the interpretation by the (...)
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  44. Corruption in International Law: Illusions of a Grotian Moment.Simona Ross & Mark Somos - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):55-86.
    Has there already been a Grotian Moment for corruption? If not, what would it take for new legal rules and doctrines on corruption to crystallise? This article seeks to answer these two questions by reviewing the relevant history of international legal scholarship, the current public international law framework for anticorruption, and recent developments in international legal practice. We conclude that a Grotian Moment may have been reached for a narrow concept of corruption, focused on petty corruption and bribery, with the (...)
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  45. Pablo Kalmanovitz, The Laws of War in International Thought.Emile Simpson - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):306-308.
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  46. Grotian Moments in the Law of Self-Determination: Law, Rhetoric, and Reality.Tom Sparks - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):159-186.
    Self-determination is one of international law’s most reviled and yet most important principles. The legal development of self-determination – or specific forms thereof – as a customary norm of international law has been shaped and spurred by key moments. These include the American and French declarations of 1776 and 1789, the conclusion of the UN Charter, and the General Assembly’s resolution 1514 (xv) in 1960. This article analyses whether, in characterising the effect of such moments, the label ‘Grotian’ moment adds (...)
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  47. Grotian Moments, Vol. 2: Introduction.Tom Sparks & Mark Somos - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):1-2.
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  48. Statehood: A Grotian Moment 2.Milena Sterio - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):133-158.
    Grotian Moments are instances of accelerated formation of customary law, sparked by significant world events, such as wars, terrorism attacks, developments in technology, or natural catastrophes. This article will apply the Grotian Moment theory to the legal criteria of statehood, in an attempt to assess whether an evolution in specific elements of statehood has resulted in such paradigm-shifting Grotian Moments. In particular, this article will argue that the evolving political nature of our world order has contributed toward the need to (...)
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  49. Data Surveillance Since the Snowden Revelations: A Grotian Moment in International Law?Milan Tahraoui - 2022 - Grotiana 43 (1):87-112.
    Mass data surveillance practices have received heightened attention in international law since the Snowden revelations of 2013. In this article, I examine whether that attention has given rise to a “Grotian moment” regarding the regulation of these activities under international law. At the outset, I answer that question in the negative and conclude that no general customary international law rules have emerged. Yet, that is not the end of the story. At a more fundamental and conceptual level, far reaching transformative (...)
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  50. Grotius’s Contract Theory in the Works of His German Commentators: First Explorations.Paolo Astorri - 2020 - Grotiana 41 (1):88-107.
    Due to its enormous importance, Grotius’s contract doctrine has been extensively investigated by legal historians. This paper seeks to enhance scholarly understanding of this topic by looking at commentaries on De jure belli ac pacis written by German theologians and jurists in the second half of the seventeenth century. The paper focuses on comments concerning promises: the criteria for promises that are binding under natural law; the foundations of the obligation to keep promises; error and duress; and immoral promises. Grotius’s (...)
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