Like many African countries, Botswana is adversely affected by HIV and AIDS. However, from the onset of the epidemic there was an inimical expectation, both internally and externally, that the country would effectively address the problem. The paper posits that this expectation was a partial result of the halo effect emanating from Botswana's successful history on many social, economic, and political fronts. However, whilst the country's HIV and AIDS strategy is one of the success stories of the African continent insofar (...) as the state's commitment is concerned, it is afflicted by ethical impediments that continue to negatively impact the effectiveness of related policies and programmes. The paper examines the loopholes in the Botswana Government's HIV and AIDS response from the perspective of missed opportunities for addressing relevant ethical issues. These include anomalies regarding the lack of targeted sexual health and wellness programmes for prison inmates, sex workers, and sexual minorities. Strategies requiring urgent attention are concerned with provision of HIV prevention, treatment, and care for these populations. The authors contend that inclusive policies, legislation, and programmes to achieve a holistic and ethical response to the epidemic are urgently needed to harmonise the halo effect of Botswana's otherwise positive stance in relation to HIV and AIDS in Africa. (shrink)