Abstract
Recent computer simulations indicate that a system ofn gravitating masses breaks up, even when the total energy is negative. As a result, almost any initial phase-space distribution results in a universe that eventually expands under the Hubble law. Hence Hubble expansion implies little regarding an initial cosmic state. Especially it does not imply the singularly dense superpositioned state used in the big bang model.
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Allen, A.D. The big bang is not needed. Found Phys 6, 59–63 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00708663
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00708663