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Frederick Douglass’s Patriotism

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Abstract

Although Frederick Douglass disclaimed any patriotism or love of the United States in the years when he considered its constitution to be pro-slavery, I argue that he was in fact always a patriot and always a lover of his country. This conclusion leads me to argue further that patriotism is not as expressly political as many philosophers suppose. Patriots love their country despite its politics and often unreasonably, although in loving their country they are concerned with its politics. The greatest among them freely dedicate themselves selflessly to the improvement of their country, partly because they love it, and partly because they are moved to take on great projects.

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Notes

  1. Douglass (1982a, p. 60).

  2. Douglass (1985b, p. 102).

  3. Douglass (1982a, p. 60).

  4. Douglass (1982a, p. 60).

  5. Douglass (1985a, pp. 92–93).

  6. Douglass (1985a, pp. 92–93).

  7. Douglass (1982b, p. 101).

  8. Douglass (1985b, pp. 340–366).

  9. Douglass (1982d, p. 269).

  10. Douglass (1985b, p. 347).

  11. Douglass (1985b, p. 348).

  12. Douglass (1982c, p. 364).

  13. Aristotle (1996).

  14. Jefferson (1982, pp. 137–138).

  15. Lincoln (1992, pp. 88–89).

  16. Primoratz (2002, p. 10).

  17. A similar sentiment is echoed in Plato’s Crito 50–54.

  18. Locke (1988, pp. 287–290).

  19. Morgan (1972/1973, p. 6).

  20. Myers (2008, p. 178).

  21. Cited in Schneider (2006, p. 33).

  22. Douglass (1982a, p. 60).

  23. Delany (1988, p. 203).

  24. Garnet (1966, pp. 201–202).

  25. Douglass (1982b, p. 103).

References

  • Aristotle. 1996. The politics. Book 1. Sec 6. In The politics and the constitution of Athens, ed. Stephen Everson, 17. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Martin R. Delany. 1988. The condition, elevation, emigration, and destiny of the colored people of the United States. Salem: Ayre Company.

  • Frederick Douglass. 1982a. Country, conscience, and the anti-slavery cause: An address delivered in New York, New York, on 11 May 1847. In The Frederick Douglass papers volume 2 1847–1854, ed. John Blassingame, 60. New Haven: Yale University Press.

  • Frederick Douglass. 1982b. Love of god, love of man, love of country: An address delivered in Syracuse, New York, on 24 September 1847. In The Frederick Douglass papers volume 2 1847–1854, ed. John Blassingame, 102. New Haven: Yale University Press.

  • Frederick Douglass. 1982c. What to the slave is the fourth of July?: An address delivered in Rochester, New York, on 5 July 1852. In The Frederick Douglass papers volume 2 1847–1854, ed. John Blassingame, 364. New Haven: Yale University Press.

  • Frederick Douglass. 1982d. An antislavery tocsin: An address delivered in Rochester, New York, on 8 December 1850. In The Frederick Douglass papers volume 2 1847–1854, ed. John W. Blassingame, 269. New Haven: Yale University Press.

  • Frederick Douglass. 1985a. We ask only for our rights: An address delivered in Troy, New York, on 4 September 1855. In The Frederick Douglass papers volume 3 1853–1863, ed. John Blassingame, 92, 93. New Haven: Yale University Press.

  • Frederick Douglass. 1985b. The American constitution and the slave: An address delivered in Glassgow, Scotland, on 26 March 1860. In The Frederick Douglass papers volume 3 1855–1863, ed. John Blassingame, 340–366. New Haven: Yale University Press.

  • Henry Highland Garnet. 1966. The past and present condition, and the destiny of the colored race. In Negro social and political thought 1850–1920, ed. Howard Brotz. New York: Basic Books.

  • Thomas Jefferson. 1982. Notes on the State of Virginia. In ed. William Peden, 137, 138. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

  • Abraham Lincoln. 1992. Eulogy on Henry Clay. At Springfield Illinois, on July 6 1852. In Lincoln: Selected speeches and writings, ed. Gore Vidal, 86, 87. New York: Vintage Books/Library of America Edition.

  • John Locke. 1988. The second treatise of government. In Locke: Two treatises of government, ed. Peter Laslett, 287–290. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Peter C. Meyers. 2008. Frederick Douglass: Race and the rebirth of American liberalism. Lawrence: The University of Kansas Press.

  • Edmund S. Morgan. 1972/1973. Slavery and freedom: The American paradox. The Journal of American History LIX: 6.

  • Igor Primoratz. 2002. Introduction. In Patriotism, ed. Igor Primoratz, 10. New York: Humanity Books.

  • Thomas C. Schneider. 2006. Lincoln’s defense of politics. Columbia: University Press of Missouri.

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Correspondence to Bernard R. Boxill.

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Boxill, B.R. Frederick Douglass’s Patriotism. J Ethics 13, 301–317 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10892-009-9067-x

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