Skip to main content
Log in

Merging of legal micro-ontologies from European directives

  • Published:
Artificial Intelligence and Law Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper describes the construction method of a legal application ontology. This method is based on the merging of micro-ontologies built from European community directives. The terminae construction method from texts enhanced by an alignment process with a core legal ontology is used for building micro-ontologies. A merging process allows constructing the legal ontology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aussenac-Gilles, N., Biébow, B. and Szulman, S. (2000) Revisiting Ontology Design: A Methodology Based on Corpus Analysis. In Dieng, R. and Corby, O. (eds.), Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management: Methods, Models, and Tools. Proc. of the 12th International Conference (EKAW’2000), LNAI 1937, 172–188. Springer-Verlag.

  • Bachimont, B. (2000). Engagement sémantique et engagement ontologique : conception et réalisation d’ontologies en ingéniérie des connaissances. In Charlet, J., Zacklad, M., Kassel, G. and Bourigault, D. (eds.), Ingénierie des Connaissances, évolutions récentes et nouveaux défis, 305–323, Paris. Eyrolles.

  • Biébow, B. and Szulman, S. (1999). Terminae: A Linguistics-Based Tool for Building of a Domain Ontology. In Fensel, D. and Studer, R. (eds.), Proc. of the 11th European Workshop (EKAW’99), LNAI 1621, 49–66. Springer-Verlag.

  • Boer, A., van Engers, T. and Winkels, R. (2003). Using Ontologies for Comparing and Harmonizing Legislation. In ICAIL 2003, 60–69.

  • Bourigault, D. and Fabre, C. (2000). Approche linguistique pour l’analyse de corpus, vol 25, 131–151. Université Toulouse Le Mirail.

  • Breuker, J. (2004). Constructing a Legal Core Ontology: Lri-core. In Volz, R., Freitas, F. and Stuckenschmidt, H. (eds.), Proceedings WONTO’2004.

  • Casanovas, P., Casellas, N., Tempich, C., Varandecic, D. and Benjamins, R. (2005). Opkj Modeling Methodology. In LOAIT – Legal Ontology and Artificial Intelligence Techniques.

  • Ceausu, V. and Després, S. (2004). Une approche mixte pour la construction d’une ressource terminologique. In IC 2004, 211–223.

  • de Bruijn, J., Martin-Recuerda, F., Manov, D. and Ehrig, M. (2004). State of the Art Survey on Ontology Merging and Aligning. Technical Report.

  • Després, S. and Szulman, S. (2004). Construction of a Legal Ontology from a Europen Community Legislative Text. In Gordon, T. F. (ed.), Jurix 2004, 79–88. IOS Press.

  • E-Court. A Fifth Framework European Project ist 28199. Technical Report, 2000–2003.

  • E-Power. A Fifth Framework European Project ist 28125. Technical Report, 2000–2003.

  • Euzenat, J., Le Bach, T., Barrasa, J., Bouquet, P., De Bo, J., Dieng, R., Ehrig, M., Hauswirth, M., Jarrar, M., Lara, R., Maynard, D., Napoli, A., Stamou, G., Stuckenschmidt, H., Shvaisko, P., Tessaris, S., Van Acker, S. and Zaihrayeu, I. (2004). D2.2.3: State of the Art on Ontology Alignment. Technical Report.

  • Fridman Noy, N. and Musen, M. A. (1999). An Algorithm for Merging and Aligning Ontologies: Automation and Tool Support. In Proc. of the Workshop on Ontology Management at the Sixteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-99). AAI Press: Orlando, FL.

  • Gangemi, A., Prisco, A., Sagri, M. T., Steve, G. and Tiscornia, D. (2003). Some Ontological Tools to Support Legal Regulatory Compliance, With a Case Study. In Workshop WORM Core. LNCS, Springer-Verlag.

  • Gangemi, A., Sagri, M.-T. and Tiscornia, D. (2005). A Constructive Framework for Legal Ontologies, 97–124. LNAI 3369. Springer.

  • Klein, M. (2001). Combining and Relating Ontologies: An Analysis of Problems Solutions. In Gomez-Perez, A., Gruninger, M., Stuckenschmidt, H. and Uschold, M. (eds.), Workshop on Ontologies and Information Sharing, IJCAI’01, Seattle, USA, 309–327.

  • Lexical ontologies for legal information sharing – http://www.loisproject.org/, 2004-2006.

  • McGuinness, D. L., Fikes, R., Rice, J. and Wilder, S. (2000). An Environment for Merging and Testing Large Ontologies. In Seventeenth International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, KR-2000, 483–493.

  • Noy, N. and Stuckenschmidt, H. (2005). Ontology Alignment: An Annotated Bibliography. In Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings 0139 – Semantic Interoperability and Integration.

  • Peters, W., Tiscornia, D. and Sagri, M. T. (2005). The structuring of legal knowledge in lois. In LOAIT – Legal Ontology and Artificial Intelligence Techniques.

  • Saias, J. and Querasma, P. (2003). Using NLP Techniques to Create Legal Ontologies in a Logic Programming Based Web Information Retrieval System. In Breuker, J., Gangemi, A., Tiscornia, D., Winkels, R. (eds.), ICAIL 2003 Workshop on Legal Ontologies and Web Based Legal Information Management.

  • SEKT (2003). http://www.sekt-project.org/project. Technical Report.

  • Szulman, S. and Biébow, B. (2004). Owl et terminae. In IC 2004, 41–52.

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was carried out in the context of the specific Action “Ontologie du droit et langages juridiques” (Guiraude Lame) funded by the RTP “Droit et systèmes d’information” (Danièle Bourcier). We thank our jurist colleague Nicolas Moisard (IDEA, Centre Juridique de Poitiers) for his collaboration during the project and the validation steps.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sylvie Despres.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Despres, S., Szulman, S. Merging of legal micro-ontologies from European directives. Artif Intell Law 15, 187–200 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10506-007-9028-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10506-007-9028-2

Keywords

Navigation