Skip to main content
Log in

Frege, Contextuality and Compositionality

  • Published:
Journal of Logic, Language and Information Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

There are two principles which bear the name “Frege'sprinciple:” the principle of compositionality, and the contextprinciple. The aim of this contribution is to investigate whether thisis justified: did Frege accept both principles at the same time, did hehold the one principle but not the other, or did he, at some moment,change his opinion? The conclusion is as follows. There is a developmentin Frege's position. In the period of Grundlagen he followed to a strict form of contextuality. He repeatedcontextuality in later writings, but became less strict. From 1914 on,pushed by the needs of research, he comes close to compositionality. Buthe could never make the final step toward compositionality forprincipled reasons, therefore he always would reject compositionality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Angelelli, I., ed., 1967, Gottlob Frege. Kleine Schriften, Hildesheim: Olms.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumann, J.J., 1868–1869, Die Lehren von Raum, Zeit und Mathematik in der neueren Philosophie nach ihrem ganzen Einfluss dargestellt [etc.], Vol. I. Suarez, Descartes, Spinoza, Hobbes, Locke, Newton. Vol. II. Leibniz, Leibniz und Clarke, Berkeley, Hume, Berlin: Reimer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beaney, M., 1996, Frege. Making Sense, London: Duckworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bynum, T. W., ed., 1972, Gottlob Frege, Conceptual Notation and Related Articles, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cantor, G., 1883, Grundlagen einer allgemeinen Manifaltigkeitslehre: Ein mathematischphilosphischer Versuch in der Lehre des Unendlichen, Leipzig. Reprinted as pp. 165–209 in Georg Cantor. Gesammelte Abhandlungen mathematischen und philosophischen Inhalts, E. Zermelo, ed., Hildesheim: Olms, 1932.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cantor, M., 1855, Grundzüge einer Elementarmathematik, Heidelberg.

  • Carnap, R., 1947, Meaning and Necessity: A Study in Semantics and Modal Logic, Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Currie, G., 1982, Frege: An Introduction to his Philosophy, Harvester Studies in Philosophy, Vol. 11, Brighton, Sussex: Harvester Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dummett, M., 1973, Frege. Philosophy of Language, London: Duckworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dummett, M., 1981, The Interpretation of Frege's Philosophy, London: Duckworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dummett, M., 1995, “The context principle: Centre of Frege's philosophy,” pp. 3–19 in Logik und Mathematik. Frege-Kolloquium Jena 1993, I. Max and W. Stelzner, eds., Perspektiven der Analytische Philosophy, Vol. 5, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frege, G., 1884, Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik. Eine logisch-mathematische Untersuchung über den Begriff der Zahl, Breslau: W. Koebner. Reprint published by Georg Olms, Hildesheim, 1961. Translated by J.L. Austin, 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frege, G., 1892, “Ñber Sinn und Bedeutung,” Zeitschrift für Philosophie und philosophische Kritik 100, 25–50. Reprinted as pp. 143–162 in Gottlob Frege, Kleine Schriften, I. Angelelli, ed., Hildesheim: Olms, 1967. Translated as “On sense and reference,” pp. 56–78 in Translations from the Philosophical Writings of Gottlob Frege, P.T. Geach and M. Black, eds., Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frege, G., 1894, “[Rezenzion von] Dr. E.G. Husserl: Philosophie der Arithmetik. Logische und psychologische Untersuchungen. Erster Band, Leipzig, 1891,” Zeitschrift für Philosphie und philosophische Kritik CIII, 313–332. Reprinted in Angelelli (1967), translated in Geach and Black (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frege, G., 1923, “Logische Untersuchungen. Dritter Teil: Gedankengefüge,” Beiträge zur Philosophie des Deutschen Idealismus III, 36–51. Reprinted as pp. 378–294 in Angelelli (1967), translated as pp. 55–78 in Geach and Stoothoff (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frege, G., 1953, The Foundations of Arithmetic. A Logico-Mathematical Enquiry into the Concept of Number, 2nd revised edition, Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Transl. (with original text) by J.L. Austin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabriel, G., Hermes, H., Kambartel, F., Thiel, C., and Veraart, A., eds., 1976, Gottlob Frege. Wissenschaftliche Briefwechsel, Hamburg: Felix Meiner.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabriel, G., Hermes, H., Kambartel, F., Thiel, C., and Veraart, A., 1980, Gottlob Frege. Philosophical and Mathematical Correspondence, Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Abridged by McGuiness and translated by H. Kaal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geach, P.T. and Black, M., 1952, Translations from the Philosophical Writings of Gottlob Frege, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geach, P.T. and Stoothoff, R.H., 1977, Logical Investigations. Gottlob Frege, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graß mann, H., 1860, Lehrbuch der Mathematik für höhere Lehranstalten, dl. I, Arithmetik. Stettin. Reprint in F. Engel, ed. Gesammelte mathematische und physikalische Werke/Herm. Graß mann, Leipzig: Teubner, 1894–1911, II, i.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groenendijk, J. and Stokhof, M., 1982, “Semantic analysis of wh-complements,” Linguistics and Philosophy 5, 175–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hankel, H., 1867, Vorlesungen über die complexe Zahlen und ihre Functionen, Leipzig.

  • Hankel, H., 1876, Theorie der complexen Zahlensysteme, Leipzig: Voss.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermes, H., Kambartel, F., and Kaulbach, F., eds., 1969, Gottlob Frege. Nachgelassene Schriften, Hamburg: Felix Meiner.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermes, H., Kambartel, F., and Kaulbach, F., eds., 1979, Gottlob Frege. Posthumous Writings, Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Translated by P. Long and R. White.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hesse, O., 1872, Die vier Species, Leipzig: Teubner.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hintikka, J. and Sandu, G., 1997, “Game-theoretical semantics,” pp. 361–410 in Handbook of Logic and Language, J. van Benthem and A. ter Meulen, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier and Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodges, W., 1998, “Compositionality is not the problem,” Logic and Logical Philosophy 6, 7–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodges, W., 2001, “Formal features of compositionality,” Journal for Logic Language and Computation, 2001, this volume.

  • Husserl, E., 1891, Philosophie der Arithmetik. Logische und psychologische Untersuchungen, Halle an der Saale: C.E.M. Pfeffer. Reprinted in L. Eley (ed.), The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janssen, T.M.V., 1986, Foundations and Applications of Montague Grammar: Part 1, Philosophy, Framework, Computer Science, CWI Tract, No. 19, Amsterdam: Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janssen, T.M.V., 1997, “Compositionality” (with an appendix by B. Partee), pp. 417–473 in Handbook of Logic and Language, J. van Benthem and A. ter Meulen, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier and Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janssen, T.M.V., “A note on the historic context of the context principle and the compositionality principle,” unpublished note (theo@wins.uva.nl).

  • Jevons, W.S., 1879 Principles of Science, 3rd edition, London (first edition 1873).

  • Köpp, G., 1867, Schularithmetik, Eisenach.

  • Kossak, E., 1872, Die Elemente der Aritmetik, Programm des Friedrich-Werder'schen Gymnasium, Berlin.

  • Lipschitz, R., 1877–1880, Lehrbuch der Analysis, 2 Vols., Bonn: Max Cohen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mill, J.S., 1843, A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, Being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence and the Methods of Scientific Investigation, London: Parker, Son, and Bourn. Reprinted in J.M. Robson (ed.); introduction by R.F. McRae, Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, Vols. 7–8, Toronto: University of Toronto Press and London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973–1974. Translated as Mill (1877).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mill, J.S., 1877, System der deductiven und inductiven Logik: Eine Darlegung der Principien wissenschaftlicher Forschung, insbesondere der Naturforschung, 2 Vols. Braunschweig. German translation by J. Schiel.

  • Montague, R., 1970, “Universal grammar,” Theoria 36, 373–398. Reprinted as pp. 222–246 in Formal Philosophy. Selected Papers of Richard Montague, R.H. Thomason, ed., New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Montague, R., 1973, “The proper treatment of quantification in ordinary English,” pp. 221–242 in Approaches to Natural Language, K.J.J. Hintikka, J.M.E. Moravcsik, and P. Suppes, eds., Synthese Library, Vol. 49, Dordrecht: Reidel. Reprinted as pp. 247–270 in Formal Philosophy. Selected Papers of Richard Montague, R.H. Thomason, ed., New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelletier, F.J., 1994, “The principle of semantic compositionality,” Topoi 13, 11–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelletier, F.J., 2001, “Did Frege believe Frege's principle?,” Journal for Logic, Language, and Information 10, 87–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Resnik, M.D., 1967, “The context principle in Frege's philosophy,” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 27, 356–365.

    Google Scholar 

  • Resnik, M.D., 1976, “Frege's context principle revisited,” pp. 35–49 in Studien zu Frege III: Logik und Semantik, M. Schirn, ed., Stuttgart: Frommann-Holzboog.

    Google Scholar 

  • Resnik, M.D., 1979, “Frege as idealist and then realist,” Inquiry 22, 350–357.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rott, H., 2000, “Fregean elucidations,” Linguistics and Philosophy, to appear.

  • Schloemilch, D., 1881, Handbuch der algebraischen Analysis, Jena: Frommann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schröder, E., 1873, Lehrbuch der Arithmetik und Algebra, Leipzig.

  • Sluga, H.D., 1971, “Review of Frege's 'Nachgelassene Schriften',” The Journal of Philosophy LXVIII.

  • Sluga, H.D., 1975, “Frege and the rise of analytic philosophy,” Inquiry 18, 471–498.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sluga, H.D., 1977, “Frege's alleged realism, Review of Bynum (1972) and Dummett (1973),” Inquiry 20, 227–242.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomae, J.K.J., 1880, Elementäre Theorie der analytische Functionen.

  • Thomason, R.H., 1974, Formal Philosophy. Selected Papers of Richard Montague, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Benthem, J. and ter Meulen, A., eds., 1997, Handbook of Logic and Language, Amsterdam: Elsevier and Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wundt, W., 1880, Logik. Eine Untersuchung der Principien der Erkenntnis und der Methoden der wissenschaftlicher Forschung, Vol. I, Erkentnisslehre, 1st edition, Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zermelo, E., 1932, Georg Cantor. Gesammelte Abhandlungen mathematischen und philosophischen Inhalts, Hildesheim: Olms. Reprint published by Olms, Hildesheim, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Janssen, T.M. Frege, Contextuality and Compositionality. Journal of Logic, Language and Information 10, 115–136 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026542332224

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026542332224

Navigation