Abstract
This study employed a Discourse Ethicality survey instrument to analyze the legitimacy and ethicality of one of Dow Chemical's externally focused, rhetorical, crisis management strategies. A stratified random sample of the issues management bulletin The Point Is . . ., published over a ten year time period, was evaluated. The bulletins were divided into three time periods corresponding to significant events in Dow's history over the ten year period. Statistical and thematic analysis determined that perceived legitimacy and ethicality increased in the bulletins over time. The results showed that at the height of external criticism from the media and public interest groups in the early 80's, Dow's response was characterized as antagonistic and focused on technological arguments. By the late 1980's, the bulletins range of issues had broadened considerably, were perceived as less antagonistic in tone, and focused more on issues and projects that may be described as socially conscious.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Benson, J. A.: 1988, 'Crisis Revisited: An Analysis of Strategies Used by Tylenol in the Second Tampering Episode', Central States Speech Journal 39, 49–66.
Cutlip, S. M. and A. H. Center: 1982, Effective Public Relations, 5th edition (Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ).
Daschle, T. A., 'Dow Chemical Co., and Dioxin', Congressional Record 129, E1680–E1682.
Egelhoff, W. G. and F. Sen: 1992, 'An Information-Processing Model of Crisis Management', Management Communication Quarterly 5(4), 443–484.
Finet, D.: 1993, 'Effects of Boundary Spanning Communication on the Sociopolitical Deligitimation of an Organization', Management Communication Quarterly 7, 33–66.
Fisher, W. R.: 1987, Human Communication as Narration: Toward a Philosophy of Reason, Value, and Action (University of South Caroline Press, Columbia, SC).
Hays, R. E.: 1985, 'Corporate Crisis Management as Adaptive Control', Corporate Crisis Management Ed. S. J. Andriole (Petrocelli, Inc., Princeton, NJ).
Heath R. L.: 1986, 'The Rhetoric of Issue Advertising: A Rationale, A Case Study, A Critical Perspective — and More', Central States Speech Journal 39(2), 99–109.
Heath, R. L. and R. A. Nelson: 1963, Issues Management (Sage, Beverly Hills, CA).
Hermann, C. F.: 'Some Consequences of Crisis Which Limit the Viability of Organizations', Administrative Science Quarterly 8, 61–82.
Ice, R.: 1991, 'Corporate Public and Rhetorical Strategies', Management Communication Quarterly 4, 341–362.
Johannesen, R. L.: 1990, Ethics in Human Communication, 3rd ed. (Waveland, Prospect Heights, IL).
Kleiner, A.: July/August 1991, 'The Three Faces of Dow', Garbage, 52–68.
Loveland, J.: May 30–June 5 1990, 'Image and Reality', Metro Times.
Morgan, G.: 1986, Images and Organization (Sage, Newbury Park, CA).
Nelkin, D.: 1988, 'Risk Reporting and the Management of Industrial Crisis', Journal of Management Studies 25(4), 341–351.
Pfeffer, J. and G. R. Salancik: 1978, The External Control of Organizations (Harper & Row, New York, NY).
Schultz, P. D.: 1990, 'Industrial Accountability and the Corporate Person: Evaluating the Ethicality of Decentered Organizational Messages'. Paper presented at the Communication Research Conference, Athens, OH.
Ware, B. L. and W. Linkugel: 1973, 'They Spoke in Defense of Themselves: On the General Criticism of Apologia', Quarterly Journal of Speech 59, 273–283.
Weik, K. E.: 1988, 'Enacted Sensemaking in Crisis Situations', Journal of Management Studies 25(4), 305–317.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kernisky, D.A. Proactive Crisis Management and Ethical Discourse: Dow Chemical's Issues Management Bulletins 1979-1990. Journal of Business Ethics 16, 843–853 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017901501108
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017901501108