Abstract
Data reported by Butter (1970, Experiment II) indicate that effects of stimulus concreteness-imagery on incidental recall may reverse over a long retention interval. Consistent with previous results, Butter also found a reversal of stimulus-arousal effects over time. In the present attempt to replicate Butter’s findings, no reversal was found for either the concreteness-imagery or arousal variable. A strong concreteness-imagery main effect was found, however, with high stimulus concreteness-imagery facilitating recall on both immediate and delayed tests.
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Butter, M.J. Differential recall of paired associates as a function of arousal and concreteness-imagery levels. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1970, 84, 252–256.
Kleinsmith, L.J., & Kaplan, S. Paired-associate learning as a function of arousal and interpolated interval. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1963, 65, 190–193.
Paivio, A., Yuille, J. C., & Madigan, S. Concreteness, imagery, and meaningfulness values for 925 nouns. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1968, 76 (1, Part 2).
Yuille, J.C. Does the concreteness effect reverse with delay? Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1971, 88, 147–148.
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This research was supported in part by Grant HD06420 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development to the second author.
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Schmitt, J.C., Forrester, W.E. Effects of stimulus concreteness-imagery and arousal on immediate and delayed recall. Bull. Psychon. Soc. 2, 25–26 (1973). https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03327703
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03327703