Abstract
A central claim in Kantian ethics is that an agent is properly morally motivated just in case she acts from duty alone. Bernard Williams, Michael Stocker, and Justin Oakley claim that certain emotionally infused actions, such as lending a compassionate helping hand, can only be done from compassion and not from duty. I argue that these critics have overlooked a distinction between an action's manner, how an action is done, and its motive, the agent's reason for acting. Through a range of examples I demonstrate how an emotion can determine an action's manner without also serving as the motive. Thus, it is possible for an agent to act compassionately from duty alone. This distinction between the manner and the motive of an action not only restores a central claim in Kantian ethics but it also allows for an expanded role of emotions in moral action.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Anscombe, G.E.M., Intention. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1963.
Baron, M., The Alleged Moral Repugnance of Acting from Duty, Journal of Philosophy 81 (1984), pp. 197–220.
Greespan, P., Emotional Strategies and Rationality, Ethics 110 (2000), pp. 469–487.
Herman, B., On the Value of Acting from the Motive of Duty, in The Practice of Moral Judgment. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993a, pp. 1–22.
Herman, B., Integrity and Impartiality, in The Practice of Moral Judgment. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993b, pp. 23–44.
Hinman, L., Kant and the Purity of Our Moral Motives: A Critique of Kant's Account of the Emotions and Acting for the Sake of Duty, Monist 66 (1983), pp. 251–267.
Kant, I. Metaphysics of Morals, in M. Gregor (ed.), The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant: Practical Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 355–603.
Korsgaard, C. Kant's Analysis of Obligation: The argument of Groundwork I, in Creating the Kingdom of Ends. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 43–76.
Oakley, J., Morality and the Emotions. London: Routledge, 1992.
Sherman, N., The Place of Emotions in Kantian Morality, in W. Flanagan and A. Rorty (eds.), Identity, Character, and Morality: Essays in Moral Psychology. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1990, pp. 149–170.
Stocker, M., Schizophrenia of Modern Ethical Theories, Journal of Philosophy 73 (1976), pp. 453–466.
Stocker, M., Values and Purposes: The Limits of the Teleology and the Ends of Friendship, Journal of Philosophy78 (1981) pp. 747–765.
Stocker, M. Friendship and Duty: Some Difficult Relations, in W. Flanagan and A. Rorty (eds.), Identity, Character, and Morality: Essays in Moral Psychology. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1990, pp. 219–233.
Williams, B., Morality and the Emotions, in Problems of the Self. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973, pp. 207–229.
Williams, B., Persons, Character, and Morality, in Moral Luck. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981, pp. 1–19.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tannenbaum, J. Acting with Feeling from Duty. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 5, 321–337 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019627428116
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019627428116