Symbol grounding: a bridge from artificial life, to artificial intelligence

Brain Cogn. 1997 Jun;34(1):48-71. doi: 10.1006/brcg.1997.0906.

Abstract

This paper develops a bridge from AL issues about the symbol-matter relation to AI issues about symbol-grounding by focusing on the concepts of formality and syntactic interpretability. Using the DNA triplet-amino acid specification relation as a paradigm, it is argued that syntactic properties can be grounded as high-level features of the non-syntactic interactions in a physical dynamical system. This argument provides the basis for a rebuttal of John Searle's recent assertion that syntax is observer-relative (1990, 1992). But the argument as developed also challenges the classic symbol-processing theory of mind against which Searle is arguing, as well as the strong AL thesis that life is realizable in a purely computational medium. Finally, it provides a new line of support for the autonomous systems approach in AL and AI (Varela & Bourgine 1992a, 1992b).

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Artificial Intelligence*
  • Computational Biology
  • DNA / genetics
  • Humans
  • Mental Processes / physiology
  • Neural Networks, Computer
  • Philosophy
  • Semantics
  • Symbolism
  • Trinucleotide Repeats / genetics

Substances

  • DNA