Abstract
Krister Segerberg proposed irrevocable belief revision, to be contrasted with standard belief revision, in a setting wherein belief of propositional formulas is modelled explicitly. This suggests that in standard belief revision is revocable: one should be able to unmake (‘revoke’) the fresh belief in the revision formula, given yet further information that contradicts it. In a dynamic epistemic logical setting for belief revision, for multiple agents, we investigate what the requirements are for revocable belief revision. By this we not merely mean recovering belief in non-modal propositions, as in the recovery principle for belief contraction, but recovering belief in modal propositions: beliefs about beliefs. These requirements are almost never met, a surprising result.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alchourrón C. E., Gärdenfors P., Makinson D.: On the logic of theory change: Partial meet contraction and revision functions. Journal of Symbolic Logic 50, 510–530 (1985)
Andersen, M.B., T. Bolander, and M. H. Jensen, Conditional epistemic planning. In Proc. of 13th JELIA, LNCS 7519, Springer, 2012, pp. 94–106.
Aucher, G., A combined system for update logic and belief revision. In Proc. of 7th PRIMA, LNAI 3371, Springer, 2005, pp. 1–17.
Aucher, G., Perspectives on belief and change. PhD thesis, University of Otago & Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse, New Zealand & France, 2008.
Baltag, A., L. S. Moss, and S. Solecki, The logic of public announcements, common knowledge, and private suspicions. In Proc. of 7th TARK, 1998, pp. 43–56.
Baltag, A., and S. Smets, A qualitative theory of dynamic interactive belief revision. In Proc. of 7th LOFT, Texts in Logic and Games 3, Amsterdam University Press, 2008, pp. 13–60.
Blackburn, P., M. de Rijke, and Y. Venema, Modal Logic. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001. Cambridge Tracts in Theoretical Computer Science 53.
Board O.: Dynamic interactive epistemology. Games and Economic Behaviour 49, 49–80 (2004)
Bonanno G.: A simple modal logic for belief revision. Synthese (Knowledge, Rationality & Action) 147(2), 193–228 (2005)
Boutilier, C., Revision sequences and nested conditionals. In Proc. of the 13th IJCAI - Volume 1. Morgan Kaufmann, 1993, pp. 519–525.
Cantwell J.: Some logics of iterated belief change. Studia Logica 63(1), 49–84 (1999)
d’Agostino G., Lenzi G.: A note on bisimulation quantifiers and fixed points over transitive frames. J. Log. Comput. 18(4), 601–614 (2008)
de Rijke, M., Meeting some neighbours, in J. van Eijck and A. Visser (eds.), Logic and information flow, pp. 170–195, Cambridge MA, 1994. MIT Press.
Dégremont, C., The Temporal Mind. Observations on the logic of belief change in interactive systems. PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam, 2011. ILLC Dissertation Series DS-2010-03.
Demey L.: Some remarks on the model theory of epistemic plausibility models. Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 21(3-4), 375–395 (2011)
Friedman, N., and J. Y. Halpern, A knowledge-based framework for belief change - part i: Foundations. In Proc. of 5th TARK. Morgan Kaufmann, 1994, pp. 44–64.
Gärdenfors P.: Knowledge in Flux: Modeling the Dynamics of Epistemic States. Bradford Books, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (1988)
Gerbrandy J. D., Groeneveld W.: Reasoning about information change. Journal of Logic, Language, and Information 6, 147–169 (1997)
Girard, P., Modal logic for belief and preference change, PhD thesis, Stanford University, 2008. ILLC Dissertation Series DS-2008-04.
Grove A.: Two modellings for theory change. Journal of Philosophical Logic 17, 157–170 (1988)
Konieczny S., Pino Pérez R.: Merging information under constraints: A logical framework. Journal of Logic and Computation 12(5), 773–808 (2002)
Kooi B.: Expressivity and completeness for public update logics via reduction axioms. Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 17(2), 231–254 (2007)
Kraus S., Lehmann D., Magidor M.: Nonmonotonic reasoning, preferential models and cumulative logics. Artificial Intelligence 44, 167–207 (1990)
Laverny, N., Révision, mises à jour et planification en logique doxastique graduelle. PhD thesis, Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Toulouse, France, 2006.
Lewis D. K.: Counterfactuals. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (MA) (1973)
Lindström S., Rabinowicz W.: DDL unlimited: dynamic doxastic logic for introspective agents. Erkenntnis 50, 353–385 (1999)
Liu, F., Changing for the Better: Preference Dynamics and Agent Diversity. PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam, 2008. ILLC Dissertation Series DS-2008-02.
Meyer, J.-J. Ch., and W. van der Hoek, Epistemic Logic for AI and Computer Science, Cambridge University Press, 1995. Cambridge Tracts in Theoretical Computer Science 41.
Meyer T. A., Labuschagne W.A., Heidema J.: Refined epistemic entrenchment. Journal of Logic, Language, and Information 9, 237–259 (2000)
Nayak A.: Iterated belief change based on epistemic entrenchment. Erkenntnis 41(3), 353–390 (1994)
Parikh, R., and R. Ramanujam, Distributed processing and the logic of knowledge, in Logic of Programs, LNCS 193, pp. 256–268. Springer, 1985. A newer version appeared in Journal of Logic, Language and Information, vol. 12, 2003, pp. 453–467.
Plaza, J. A., Logics of public communications, In Proc. of the 4th ISMIS. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1989, pp. 201–216.
Rott H.: Coherence and conservatism in the dynamics of belief ii: Iterated belief change without dispositional coherence. Journal of Logic and Computation 13(1), 111–145 (2003)
Rott, H., Shifting priorities: Simple representations for twenty-seven iterated theory change operators, In Modality Matters: Twenty-Five Essays in Honour of Krister Segerberg, Uppsala Philosophical Studies Volume 53, pp. 359–384. Uppsala Universitet, 2006.
Sack, J., Adding Temporal Logic to Dynamic Epistemic Logic. PhD thesis, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA, 2007.
Segerberg K.: Irrevocable belief revision in dynamic doxastic logic. Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 39(3), 287–306 (1998)
Segerberg, K., Two traditions in the logic of belief: bringing them together, in H. J. Ohlbach and U. Reyle (eds.), Logic, Language, and Reasoning, KluwerAcademic Publishers. Dordrecht, 1999, pp. 135–147.
Spohn, W., Ordinal conditional functions: a dynamic theory of epistemic states, in W. L. Harper and B. Skyrms (eds.), Causation in Decision, Belief Change, and Statistics, volume II, 1988, pp. 105–134.
van Benthem, J., Semantic parallels in natural language and computation. In Logic Colloquium ’87, Amsterdam, 1989. North-Holland.
van Benthem J.: Dynamic logic of belief revision. Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 17(2), 129–155 (2007)
van Benthem J., Gerbrandy J. D., Hoshi T., Pacuit E.: Merging frameworks for interaction. Journal of Philosophical Logic 38, 491–526 (2009)
van Benthem J., van Eijck J., Kooi B.: Logics of communication and change. Information and Computation 204(11), 1620–1662 (2006)
van Ditmarsch H.: Descriptions of game actions. Journal of Logic, Language and Information 11, 349–365 (2002)
van Ditmarsch H.: Prolegomena to dynamic logic for belief revision. Synthese (Knowledge, Rationality & Action) 147, 229–275 (2005)
van Ditmarsch, H., On revocable and irrevocable belief revision. To appear in a forthcoming volume of Trends in Logic, 2013.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is a revised and expanded version of [45].
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
van Ditmarsch, H. Revocable Belief Revision. Stud Logica 101, 1185–1214 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11225-013-9529-9
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11225-013-9529-9