Skip to main content
Log in

The Discipline of the “Norm:” A Critical Appreciation of Erwin Strauss

  • Published:
Human Studies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

As a practicing physician (psychiatrist), scientist (neurologist) and philosopher, Erwin Straus developed a body of writing which, falling within the phenomenological tradition, is highly original and insightful. His unusual combination of work from these three areas constitutes one of the most important attempts to provide what has been called “a new Paideia.” Regarding this unique blend of perspectives and concerns as quite natural, he conceived his work variously as a “medical anthropologyrdquo; or “phenomenological psychology.” In the end, he was both a pioneer and a rebel: starting from psychiatry, he proceeded boldly straight into phenomenological philosophy, illuminating significant aspects of human life: if we would understand the “norm,” we must begin with the disruptions, as failures of existential projects; that is, as forms of human life - which was ultimately at the heart of his life-long epistemic and therapeutic concerns.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Buchanan, S. (1938/1991). The Doctrine of Signatures: A defense of theory in medicine. Chicago & Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edelstein, L. (1967). Ancient Medicine. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Embree, E. and Behnke, E.A. et al. (Eds.) (1997). Encyclopedia of Phenomenology. Contributions to phenomenology, Vol. 18. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gruhle, W.H.R., Jung, R., Mayer-Gross, W. and Müller, M. (Eds.) (1963). Psychiatrie der Gegenwart. Band I/2: Göttingen: Heidelberg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaeger, W. (1944). Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaspers, K. (1963). General Psychopathology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindeboom, G.A. (1978). Descartes and Medicine. Amsterdam: Rodopi NV.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcel, G. (1952). Man Against Mass Society. Chicago: Henry Regnery.

    Google Scholar 

  • May, R., Angel, E. and Ellenberger, H.F. (Eds.) (1958). Existence: A New Dimension in Psychiatry and Psychology. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minkowski, E. (1970). Lived Time: Phenomenological and Psychopathological Studies. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mishara, A. (1997). Ludwig Binswanger. In Lester Embree et al. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Phenomenology. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

  • Ortega y Gasset, J. (1957). Man and People. New York: W.W. Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrino, E.D. (1979). Humanism and the Physician. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Risse, G. (1971). The Quest for Certainty in Medicine: John Brown's System of Medicine in France. Bulletin of the History of Medicine XLV(1): 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Risse, G. (1972). Kant, Schelling, and the Early Search for a Philosophical “Science” of Medicine in Germany. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences XXVII(2): 145–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheler, M. (1952). Man's Place in Nature. Boston: Beacon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schutz, A. (1964a). The Stranger: An Essay in Social Psychology. In Alfred Schutz, Collected papers II: Studies in Social Theory. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schutz, A. (1964b). Collected Papers, Vol II, Phaenomenologica 15. The Haag: Martinus Nijhoff.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spiegelberg, H. (1972). Phenomenology in Psychology and Psychiatry: A Historical Introduction. Evanston: Northwestern University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Straus, E.W. (1966). Preface. In Phenomenological Psychology: The Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Straus, E.W. (1969). Philosophy and Psychiatry. In E.W. Straus, M. Natanson and H.E. Ey (Eds.), Psychiatry and Philosophy. New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Den Berg, J.H. (1952). The Human Body and the Significance of Human Movement. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research XIII(2): 159–183.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Den Berg, J.H. (1961). The Changing Nature of Man: Introduction to a Historical Psychology. New York: Dell Books, Delta Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaner, R.M. (1964/1970). The Problem of Embodiment. The Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaner, R.M. (1973). Examples and Possibles: A Criticism of Husserl's Theory of Free-Phantasy Variation. Research in Phenomenology III: 29–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaner, R.M. (1981). The Context of Self. Athens: Ohio University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaner, R.M. (1988). Ethics and the Clinical Encounter. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1988; republished (2003): Lima, OH: Academic Renewal Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaner, R.M. (2000). Integrity and Vulnerability in Clinical Medicine: The Dialectic of Appeal and Response. In Peter Kemp, Jacob Rendtorff and Niels Mattsson Johnsen (Eds.), Bioethics and Biolaw, Vol. II: Four Ethical Principles, pp. 123–140. Copenhagen, Denmark: Rhodos International Science and Art Publishers and Centre for Ethics and Law.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zaner, R.M. The Discipline of the “Norm:” A Critical Appreciation of Erwin Strauss. Human Studies 27, 37–50 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HUMA.0000012248.54939.42

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HUMA.0000012248.54939.42

Keywords

Navigation