Kant's characterization of natural ends
| Abstract | What is it to judge something to be a natural end? And what objects may properly be judged natural ends? These questions pose a challenge, because the predicates “natural” and “end” seemingly can not be instantiated at the same time – at least given some Kantian assumptions. My paper defends the thesis that Kant’s “Critique of Teleological Judgment” (CTJ), nevertheless, provides a sensible account of judging something a natural end. On the account, a person judges an object O a natural end, if she thinks that the parts of O cause O and if she is committed to approach O in a top-down manner, as if the parts were produced in view of the whole. The account is non-realist, because it involves a commitment. With the account comes a characterization that provides necessary and sufficient conditions on objects that may properly be judged natural ends. My paper reconstructs the argument in CTJ, §§64-65 where the account and the characterization are derived. | |||||||||
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AIdo Leopold (1990). Means and Ends in Wild Life Management. Environmental Ethics 12 (4):329-332.
Martha I. Gibson (2011). A Revolution in Method, Kant's “Copernican Hypothesis”, and the Necessity of Natural Laws. Kant-Studien 102 (1):1-21.
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Andrews Reath (2009). Setting Ends for Oneself Through Reason. In Simon Robertson (ed.), Spheres of Reason. Oxford University Press.
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Dennis Des Chene (2000). On Laws and Ends: A Response to Hattab and Menn. Perspectives on Science 8 (2).
Bernard G. Prusak (2008). What Kant Reconstructed Brings to Aquinas Reconstructed; Or, Why and How the New Natural Law Needs to Be Extended. Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 82:99-113.
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