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- Selmer Bringsjord, P. Bello & David A. Ferrucci (2001). Creativity, the Turing Test, and the (Better) Lovelace Test. Minds and Machines 11 (1):3-27.The Turing Test (TT) is claimed by many to be a way to test for the presence, in computers, of such ``deep'' phenomena as thought and consciousness. Unfortunately, attempts to build computational systems able to pass TT (or at least restricted versions of this test) have devolved into shallow symbol manipulation designed to, by hook or by crook, trick. The human creators of such systems know all too well that they have merely tried to fool those people who interact with their systems into believing that these systems really have minds. And the problem is fundamental: the structure of the TT is such as to cultivate tricksters. A better test is one that insists on a certain restrictive epistemic relation between an artificial agent (or system) A, its output o, and the human architect H of A – a relation which, roughly speaking, obtains when H cannot account for how A produced o. We call this test the ``Lovelace Test'' in honor of Lady Lovelace, who believed that only when computers originate things should they be believed to have minds.In my reading list | Discuss this article | Edit | Categorize |My bibliography
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Turing''s test has been much misunderstood. Recently unpublished material by Turing casts fresh light on his thinking and dispels a number of philosophical myths concerning the Turing test. Properly understood, the Turing test withstands objections that are popularly believed to be fatal.
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| | Other links: books.google.com springerlink.com kluweronline.com ingentaconnect.com | Scholar | More.. The test Turing proposed for machine intelligence is usually understood to be a test of whether a computer can fool a human into thinking that the computer is a human. This standard interpretation is rejected in favor of a test based on the Imitation Game introduced by Turing at the beginning of "Computing Machinery and Intelligence.".
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| Discuss this article | Edit | Categorize | My bibliography | Export citation | Other links: traiger.oxy.edu faculty.oxy.edu 0-www.faculty.oxy.edu.oasys.lib.oxy.edu books.google.com springerlink.com ingentaconnect.com | Scholar | More..
| | Other links: traiger.oxy.edu faculty.oxy.edu 0-www.faculty.oxy.edu.oasys.lib.oxy.edu books.google.com springerlink.com ingentaconnect.com | Scholar | More.. This commentary attempts to show that the inverted Turing Test (Watt 1996) could be simulated by a standard Turing test and, most importantly, claims that a very simple program with no intelligence whatsoever could be written that would pass the inverted Turing test. For this reason, the inverted Turing test in its present form must be rejected.
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| | Other links: u-bourgogne.fr | Scholar | More.. The Turing Test is one of the most disputed topics in artificial intelligence, philosophy of mind, and cognitive science. This paper is a review of the past 50 years of the Turing Test. Philosophical debates, practical developments and repercussions in related disciplines are all covered. We discuss Turing''s ideas in detail and present the important comments that have been made on them. Within this context, behaviorism, consciousness, the `other minds'' problem, and similar topics in philosophy of mind are discussed. We (...)
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| Discuss this article | Edit | Categorize | My bibliography | Export citation | Other links: cogprints.org citeseer.ist.psu.edu crl.ucsd.edu portal.acm.org cogprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk cs.bilkent.edu.tr citebase.eprints.org springerlink.com kluweronline.com | Scholar | More..
| | Other links: cogprints.org citeseer.ist.psu.edu crl.ucsd.edu portal.acm.org cogprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk cs.bilkent.edu.tr citebase.eprints.org springerlink.com kluweronline.com | Scholar | More.. Under general assumptions, the Turing test can be easily passed by an appropriate algorithm. I show that for any test satisfying several general conditions, we can construct an algorithm that can pass that test, hence, any operational definition is easy to fulfill. I suggest a test complementary to Turing's test, which will measure our understanding of the human mind. The Turing test is required to fix the operational specifications of the algorithm under test; under this constrain, the additional test simply (...)
The Turing Test is one of the most disputed topics in artificial intelligence, philosophy of mind, and cognitive science. This paper is a review of the past 50 years of the Turing Test. Philo- sophical debates, practical developments and repercussions in related disciplines are all covered. We discuss Turing’s ideas in detail and present the important comments that have been made on them. Within this context, behaviorism, consciousness, the ‘other minds’ problem, and similar topics in philosophy of mind are discussed. (...)
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| Discuss this article | Edit | Categorize | My bibliography | Export citation | Other links: cogprints.org citeseer.ist.psu.edu crl.ucsd.edu portal.acm.org cogprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk cs.bilkent.edu.tr citebase.eprints.org kluweronline.com springerlink.com | Scholar | More..
| | Other links: cogprints.org citeseer.ist.psu.edu crl.ucsd.edu portal.acm.org cogprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk cs.bilkent.edu.tr citebase.eprints.org kluweronline.com springerlink.com | Scholar | More.. In my reading list
| Discuss this article | Edit | Categorize | My bibliography | Export citation | Other links: interscience.wiley.com | Scholar | More..
| | Other links: interscience.wiley.com | Scholar | More.. The standard interpretation of the imitation game is defended over the rival gender interpretation though it is noted that Turing himself proposed several variations of his imitation game. The Turing test is then justified as an inductive test not as an operational definition as commonly suggested. Turing's famous prediction about his test being passed at the 70% level is disconfirmed by the results of the Loebner 2000 contest and the absence of any serious Turing test competitors from AI on the (...)
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| Discuss this article | Edit | Categorize | My bibliography | Export citation | Other links: books.google.com springerlink.com kluweronline.com ingentaconnect.com | Scholar | More..
| | Other links: books.google.com springerlink.com kluweronline.com ingentaconnect.com | Scholar | More.. No computer that had not experienced the world as we humans had could pass a rigorously administered standard Turing Test. We show that the use of “subcognitive” questions allows the standard Turing Test to indirectly probe the human subcognitive associative concept network built up over a lifetime of experience with the world. Not only can this probing reveal differences in cognitive abilities, but crucially, even differences in _physical aspects_ of the candidates can be detected. Consequently, it is unnecessary to propose (...)
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| Discuss this article | Edit | Categorize | My bibliography | Export citation | Other links: citeseer.ist.psu.edu u-bourgogne.fr informaworld.com ingentaconnect.com | Scholar | More..
| | Other links: citeseer.ist.psu.edu u-bourgogne.fr informaworld.com ingentaconnect.com | Scholar | More.. 
