"The Safety Condition for Knowledge"
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2011)
| Abstract | A number of epistemologists have defended a necessary condition for knowledge that has come to be labeled as the “safety” condition. Timothy Williamson, Duncan Pritchard, and Ernest Sosa are the foremost defenders of safety. According to these authors an agent S knows a true proposition P only if S could not easily have falsely believed P. Disagreement arises, however, with respect to how they capture the notion of a safe belief. This article is a treatment of the different presentations and defenses of the safety condition for knowledge. Special attention is first paid to an elucidation of the various aspects or features of the safety condition. Following a short demonstration of the manner in which the safety condition handles some rather tough Gettier-like cases in the literature, some problems facing safety conclude this article. | |||||||||
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Christoph Kelp (2009). Knowledge and Safety. Journal of Philosophical Research 34:21-31.
Tomas Bogardus (2013). Knowledge Under Threat. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 86 (1):n/a-n/a.
Juan Comesaña (2005). Unsafe Knowledge. Synthese 146 (3):395 - 404.
Peter Murphy (2005). Closure Failures for Safety. Philosophia 33 (1-4):331-334.
Avram Hiller & Ram Neta (2007). Safety and Epistemic Luck. Synthese 158 (3):303 - 313.
Jonathan Vogel (2007). Subjunctivitis. Philosophical Studies 134 (1):73 - 88.
David Manley (2007). Safety, Content, Apriority, Self-Knowledge. Journal of Philosophy 104 (8):403-23.
Stephen Kearns & Ofra Magidor (2008). Epistemicism About Vagueness and Meta-Linguistic Safety. Philosophical Perspectives 22 (1):277-304.
Jeffrey Roland & Jon Cogburn (2011). Anti-Luck Epistemologies and Necessary Truths. Philosophia 39 (3):547-561.
Dani Rabinowitz (2011). The Safety Condition for Knowledge. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
J. Adam Carter (2013). A Problem for Pritchard's Anti-Luck Virtue Epistemology. Erkenntnis 78 (2):253-275.
Kelly Becker (2007). Epistemology Modalized. Routledge.
David Manley (2007). Safety, Content, Apriority, Self-Knowledge. Journal of Philosophy 104 (8):403-423.
Mark McEvoy (2009). The Lottery Puzzle and Pritchard's Safety Analysis of Knowledge. Journal of Philosophical Research 34:7-20.
Duncan Pritchard (2008). Sensitivity, Safety, and Anti-Luck Epistemology. In John Greco (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Skepticism. Oxford University Press.
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