Identity
| Abstract | Identity. From very early days of quantum theory it was recognized that quanta were statistically strange (see !Bose-Einstein statistics). Suspicion fell on the identity of quanta, of how they are to be counted [1], [2]. It was not until Dirac’s [1902-1984] work of 1926 (and his discovery of !Fermi-Dirac statistics [3]) that the nature of the novelty was clear: the quantum state of exactly similar particles of the same mass, charge, and spin must be symmetrized, yielding states either symmetric or antisymmetric under permutations. This is the symmetry postulate (SP) | |||||||||
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Robert C. Hilborn & Candice L. Yuca (2002). Identical Particles in Quantum Mechanics Revisited. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 53 (3):355-389.
Michael Redhead & Paul Teller (1992). Particle Labels and the Theory of Indistinguishable Particles in Quantum Mechanics. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 43 (2):201-218.
Jonas R. Becker Arenhart (2012). Many Entities, No Identity. Synthese 187 (2):801-812.
Matteo Morganti (2011). Identity in Physics: Statistics and the (Non-)Individuality of Quantum Particles. In H. De Regt, S. Hartmann & S.: Okasha (eds.), EPSA Philosophy of Science: Amsterdam 2009. Springer.
Francesco Orilia (2006). Quantum-Mechanical Statistics and the Inclusivist Approach to the Nature of Particulars. Synthese 148 (1):57 - 77.
Andreas Bartels (1999). Objects or Events?: Towards an Ontology for Quantum Field Theory. Philosophy of Science 66 (3):184.
Bruce L. Gordon (2002). Maxwell–Boltzmann Statistics and the Metaphysics of Modality. Synthese 133 (3):393 - 417.
Steven French & Michael Redhead (1988). Quantum Physics and the Identity of Indiscernibles. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 39 (2):233-246.
Nick Huggett (1994). What Are Quanta, and Why Does It Matter? PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1994:69 - 76.
Raymond Tallis (2010). Machine Generated Contents Note: Introduction; 1. Identity of Meaning / Adrian Poole; 2. Identity and the Law / Lionel Bently; 3. Species-Identity / Peter Crane; 4. Mathematical Identity / Marcus Du Sautoy; 5. Immunological Identity / Philippa Marrack; 6. Visualizing Identity / Ludmilla Jordanova; 7. Musical Identity / Christopher Hogwood; 8. Identity and the Mind. [REVIEW] In Giselle Walker & E. S. Leedham-Green (eds.), Identity. Cambridge University Press.
N. Huggett (1999). On the Significance of Permutation Symmetry. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 50 (3):325-347.
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