New books and articles From the most recently added

Feb 1st 2012 GMT
forthcoming articles
  1. Ryan Cox, Aguilar, J. H., A. A. Buckareff, and K. Frankish (Eds),New Waves in Philosophy of Action.
    Australasian Journal of Philosophy, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 1, Ahead of Print.
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forthcoming articles
  1. Joe Duffy & David Hayes, Social Work Students Learn About Social Work Values From Service Users and Carers.
    Teaching on social work values is centrally important in social work education as a core aspect of underpinning knowledge in preparing students for practice. This paper describes an innovative project occurring within the first year of the degree in social work, where service users and carers have assisted students with their understanding of social work values. The positive contribution of service users and carers in facilitating students to make links between theory and practice is now well documented. Applying this user (...)
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volume 27, issue 1, 2012
  1. Sandra L. Borden, Press Apologias: A New Paradigm for the New Transparency?
    This article examines the requirements for ethical press apologias, defined as attempts to defend credibility when accused of ethical failure. Facing changing transparency expectations, apologists may fail to fully respond to injured stakeholders. Criticisms of CBS News' flawed report on President Bush's National Guard service illustrated this problem. Hearit's (2005b) paradigm for ethical apologias is applied to ?RatherGate? to see if and where the paradigmatic criteria fell short. A revised paradigm is proposed.
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  2. David Craig, In The New Network, Old Values Bend But Don't Break.
    Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Volume 27, Issue 1, Page 66-68, January-March.
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  3. Kristoffer Holt, Authentic Journalism? A Critical Discussion About Existential Authenticity in Journalism Ethics.
    Authenticity as an ideal is construed in general as an expression of existentialist unhappiness with the perceived dehumanization of man in modern society. Existential journalism can be seen as rejection of the demands of conformism and compromise of personal convictions that many journalists face. Ethically, existential journalism calls on journalists to live authentic lives, as private individuals as well as in their profession. This means to resist external pressures and to choose to follow a path that can be defended by (...)
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  4. Rick Kenney & Kimiko Akita, The Epistemology of Retweeting and The Ethics of Trust.
    Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Volume 27, Issue 1, Page 68-70, January-March.
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  5. Herbert Lowe, An Online Hoax Reminds Journalists to Do Their Duty.
    Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Volume 27, Issue 1, Page 62-64, January-March.
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  6. Lyn Millner, A Little Bird Told Me.
    Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Volume 27, Issue 1, Page 60-62, January-March.
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  7. Chad Neuman, The Media's Capacity for Good and Evil.
    Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Volume 27, Issue 1, Page 73-75, January-March.
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  8. Chris Roberts, A Universal Ethics Approach, in Black and White.
    Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Volume 27, Issue 1, Page 71-73, January-March.
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  9. Kevin Stoker & Megan Stoker, The Paradox of Public Interest: How Serving Individual Superior Interests Fulfill Public Relations' Obligation to the Public Interest.
    Since the early 20th century, advocates of public relations professionalism have mandated that practitioners serve the public interest making it an ethical standard for evaluating the morality of public relations practice. However, the field has devoted little research to determining just what it means for practitioners to serve the public interest. Most research suggests practice-oriented solutions. This article focuses what practitioners must do to serve the public interest. It reviews theories of the social contract and the public interest to identify (...)
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  10. Kati Tusinski Berg, Dissecting and Critically Analyzing the Product RED Campaign.
    Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Volume 27, Issue 1, Page 75-77, January-March.
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  11. David S. Waller, “Truth in Advertising”: The Beginning of Advertising Ethics in Australia.
    In Australia, as in many countries, the early advertising industry had a poor reputation for honesty. However, in 1920 ?truth in advertising? and raising ethical behavior became the focus of the Second Convention of Advertising Men of Australasia, held in Sydney. This was a major event in Australia's advertising history and was seen as a way to legitimize the industry in the eyes of those who doubted advertising's honesty. This paper will look at the Sydney Advertising Convention, with particular reference (...)
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  12. Ginny Whitehouse, Pete/Repeat Tweet/Retweet Blog/Reblog: A Hoax Reveals Media Mimicking.
    Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Volume 27, Issue 1, Page 57-59, January-March.
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  13. Wendy Wyatt, Ground Rules for Musing Journalists.
    Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Volume 27, Issue 1, Page 64-66, January-March.
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volume 43, issue 1, 2012
  1. William James Earle, Review Article: Beyond the Edge of the Known World.
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  2. John Niemeyer Findlay, Notes on the Ideen of Husserl.
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  3. David Fiorovanti, Badiou Versus Derrida: Truth, Sets, and Sophistry1.
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  4. Brian Harding, Auto-Affectivity and Michel Henry's Material Phenomenology.
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  5. Andrew J. Pierce, Reconstructing Race: A Discourse-Theoretical Approach to a Normative Politics of Identity.
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  6. Lorenzo C. Simpson, Twin Earth and its Horizons: On Hermeneutics, Reference, and Scientific Theory Choice.
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forthcoming articles
  1. DIRECT SUBMISSION
    Ezio Di Nucci, Self-Sacrifice and the Trolley Problem.
    Judith Jarvis Thomson has recently proposed a new argument for the thesis that killing the one in the Trolley Problem is not permissible. Her argument relies on the introduction of a new scenario in which the bystander may also sacrifice herself to save the five. Thomson argues that those not willing to sacrifice themselves if they could may not kill the one to save the five. Bryce Huebner and Marc Hauser have recently put Thomson’s argument to the empirical test by (...)
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  2. Raoul Gervais & Erik Weber, Plausibility Versus Richness in Mechanistic Models.
    In this paper we argue that in recent literature on mechanistic explanations, authors tend to conflate two distinct features that mechanistic models can have or fail to have: plausibility and richness. By plausibility, we mean the probability that a model is correct in the assertions it makes regarding the parts and operations of the mechanism, i.e., that the model is correct as a description of the actual mechanism. By richness, we mean the amount of detail the model gives about the (...)
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  3. Wolfram Hinzen, Narrow Syntax and the Language of Thought.
    A traditional view maintains that thought, while expressed in language, is non-linguistic in nature and occurs in non-linguistic beings as well. I assess this view against current theories of the evolutionary design of human grammar. I argue that even if some forms of human thought are shared with non-human animals, a residue remains that characterizes a unique way in which human thought is organized as a system. I explore the hypothesis that the cause of this difference is a grammatical way (...)
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  4. Hanno Sauer, Morally Irrelevant Factors: What's Left of the Dual Process-Model of Moral Cognition?
    Current developments in empirical moral psychology have spawned a new perspective on the traditional metaethical question of whether moral judgment is based on reason or emotion. Psychologists and cognitive neuroscientists such as Joshua Greene argue that there is empirical evidence that emotion is essential for one particularly important subclass of moral judgments: so-called ?deontological judgments.? In this paper, I scrutinize this claim and argue that neither the empirical evidence for Greene's dual process-theory of moral judgment nor the normative conclusions it (...)
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volume 62, issue 246, 2012
  1. Barry Ward, Explanation and the New Riddle of Induction.
    I propose a novel solution to Goodman's new riddle of induction, one on which aspects of scientific methodology preclude significant confirmation of the Grue Hypothesis. The solution appeals to intuitive constraints on the confirmation of explanatory hypotheses, and can be construed as a fragment of a theory of Inference to the Best Explanation. I give it an objective Bayesian formalisation, and contrast it with Goodman's and Sober's solutions, which make appeal to both methodological and non-methodological considerations, and those of Jackson, (...)
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volume 26, issue 1, 2012
  1. Boaz Miller, The Rationality Principle Idealized.
    According to Popper?s rationality principle, agents act in the most adequate way according to the objective situation. I propose a new interpretation of the rationality principle as consisting of an idealization and two abstractions. Based on this new interpretation, I critically discuss the privileged status that Popper ascribes to it as an integral part of all social scientific models. I argue that as an idealization, the rationality principle may play an important role in the social sciences, but it also has (...)
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  2. Nicholas John Munn, The New Political Blogosphere.
    This article discusses the current epistemological status of the political blogosphere, in light both of the concerns raised by Alvin Goldman in his 2008 paper ?The Social Epistemology of Blogging? and the recent drastic changes in the structure of the blogosphere. I argue that the political blogosphere replicates epistemically beneficial functions of the mainstream media for the functioning of democracy, and defend this claim from objections to the blogosphere that have been levelled by Goldman and Richard Posner. I then provide (...)
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  3. Johannes Persson, Mechanistic Explanation in Social Contexts: Elster and the Problem of Local Scientific Growth.
    Jon Elster worries about the explanatory power of the social sciences. His main concern is that they have so few well-established laws. Elster develops an interesting substitute: a special kind of mechanism designed to fill the explanatory gap between laws and mere description. However, his mechanisms suffer from a characteristic problem that I will explore in this article. As our causal knowledge of a specific problem grows we might come to know too much to make use of an Elsterian mechanism (...)
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  4. Derek G. Ross, Ambiguous Weighting and Nonsensical Sense: The Problems of “Balance” and “Common Sense” as Commonplace Concepts and Decision-Making Heuristics in Environmental Rhetoric.
    Balance and common sense are commonplace concepts used to bring an audience to a place of shared understanding. These commonplaces also function as decision-making heuristics. I argue in this paper that the commonplaces ?balance? and ?common sense? are problematic because they suggest decision-making strategies that strip associated information of complexity and value. Through an examination of theory and responses to interviews conducted in relation to an ongoing project on environmental rhetoric, I problematize these concepts and consider how awareness of the (...)
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  5. John Wettersten, The Rationality of Extremists: A Talmonist Insight We Need to Respond To.
    Extremists who have been well educated in science are quite common, but nevertheless puzzling. How can individuals with high levels of scientific education fall prey to irrationalist ideologies? Implicit assumptions about rationality may lead to tremendous and conspicuous developments. When correction of social deficits is seen as a pressing problem, it is quite common that individuals conclude that some religious or political system contains the all-encompassing answer, if only it is applied with sufficiently high standards. Implicit assumptions about rationally high (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. Margareta Hallberg, Gender and Philosophy of Science: The Case of Mary Hesse.
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  2. Orna Harari, Simplicius on Tekmeriodic Proofs.
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  3. Angela Potochnik, Feminist Implications of Model-Based Science.
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forthcoming articles
  1. Henrika Kuklick, Family Feud?
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  2. Michel Morange, What Might Be a New “View of Evolution”?
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  3. Angela Potochnik, Modeling Social and Evolutionary Games.
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forthcoming articles
  1. DIRECT SUBMISSION
    Alexander Reutlinger, Getting Rid of Interventions.
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volume 185, issue 1, 2012
  1. Mark A. Bedau, A Functional Account of Degrees of Minimal Chemical Life.
    This paper describes and defends the view that minimal chemical life essentially involves the chemical integration of three chemical functionalities: containment, metabolism, and program (Rasmussen et al. in Protocells: bridging nonliving and living matter, 2009a ). This view is illustrated and explained with the help of CMP and Rasmussen diagrams (Rasmussen et al. In: Rasmussen et al. (eds.) in Protocells: bridging nonliving and living matter, 71–100, 2009b ), both of which represent the key chemical functional dependencies among containment, metabolism, and (...)
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  2. Mark A. Bedau, Introduction to Philosophical Problems About Life.
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  3. Carol E. Cleland, Life Without Definitions.
    The question ‘what is life?’ has long been a source of philosophical debate and in recent years has taken on increasing scientific importance. The most popular approach among both philosophers and scientists for answering this question is to provide a “definition” of life. In this article I explore a variety of different definitional approaches, both traditional and non-traditional, that have been used to “define” life. I argue that all of them are deeply flawed. It is my contention that a scientifically (...)
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  4. Jorge M. Escobar, Autopoiesis and Darwinism.
    The purpose of this paper is to offer a critical approach to the theory of autopoiesis in order to see how it challenges mainstream Darwinism. In the first part of the paper, I characterize Darwinism from the concepts of natural selection, heredity, reproduction, and evolution. This characterization is absolutely schematic, and I hope not controversial at all, since my aim is to provide a general background for the discussion of the rest of the paper. The second part presents the main (...)
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  5. Robert T. Pennock, Negotiating Boundaries in the Definition of Life: Wittgensteinian and Darwinian Insights on Resolving Conceptual Border Conflicts.
    What is the definition of life? Artificial life environments provide an interesting test case for this classical question. Understanding what such systems can tell us about biological life requires negotiating the tricky conceptual boundary between virtual and real life forms. Drawing from Wittgenstein’s analysis of the concept of a game and a Darwinian insight about classification, I argue that classifying life involves both causal and pragmatic elements. Rather than searching for a single, sharp definition, these considerations suggest that life is (...)
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  6. Kepa Ruiz-Mirazo & Alvaro Moreno, Autonomy in Evolution: From Minimal to Complex Life.
    Our aim in the present paper is to approach the nature of life from the perspective of autonomy, showing that this perspective can be helpful for overcoming the traditional Cartesian gap between the physical and cognitive domains. We first argue that, although the phenomenon of life manifests itself as highly complex and multidimensional, requiring various levels of description, individual organisms constitute the core of this multifarious phenomenology. Thereafter, our discussion focuses on the nature of the organization of individual living entities, (...)
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  7. Ronald Sandler, Is Artefactualness a Value-Relevant Property of Living Things?
    Artefacts are often regarded as being mere things that possess only instrumental value. In contrast, living entities (or some subset of them) are often regarded as possessing some form of intrinsic (or non-instrumental) value. Moreover, in some cases they are thought to possess such value precisely because they are natural (i.e., non-artefactual). However, living artefacts are certainly possible, and they may soon be actual. It is therefore necessary to consider whether such entities should be regarded as mere things (like most (...)
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  8. Christopher Shields, The Dialectic of Life.
    In the dialectic of debates about the extension of life, one witnesses a predictably repeating pattern: one side appeals to a motley of variegated criteria for something’s qualifying as a living system, only to find an opposite side taking issue with the individual necessity or collective sufficiency of the proposed criteria. Some of these criteria tend to cluster with one another, while others do not: metabolism, growth and reproduction; self-organization and homeostasis; an ability to decrease internal entropy by the appropriation (...)
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Manuscripts
  1. Karen Bennett, “Perfectly Understood, Unproblematic, and Certain”: Lewis on Mereology.
    David Lewis famously takes mereology “to be perfectly understood, unproblematic, and certain” (1991, 75). It is central to his thought, appearing in his discussions of set theory, modality, vagueness, structural universals, and elsewhere. He held views not only about how composition works and when it occurs, but also about the role of mereology in philosophy. In this essay, I will proceed by articulating four theses that Lewis holds about composition. (I would call them the four U’s, if only ‘unguilty’ were (...)
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  2. Edward S. Hinchman, Rational Requirements and 'Rational' Akrasia.
    On one conception of practical rationality, being rational is most fundamentally a matter of avoiding incoherent combinations of attitudes. This conception construes the norms of rationality as codified by rational requirements, and one plausible rational requirement is that you not be akratic: that you not judge, all things considered, that you ought to ϕ while failing to choose or intend to ϕ. On another conception of practical rationality, being rational is most fundamentally a matter of thinking or acting in a (...)
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  3. William G. Lycan, Phenomenal Conservatism and the Principle of Credulity.
    Lycan (1985, 1988) defended a “Principle of Credulity”: “Accept at the outset each of those things that seem to be true” (1988, p. 165). Though that takes the form of a rule rather than a thesis, it does not seem very different from Huemer’s (2001, 2006, 2007) doctrine of phenomenal conservatism (PC): “If it seems to S that p , then, in the absence of defeaters, S thereby has at least some degree of justification for believing that p ” (2007, (...)
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Jan 31st 2012 GMT
forthcoming articles
  1. Marie-Claire Verdus, Camille Ripoll, Vic Norris & Michel Thellier, The Role of Calcium in the Recall of Stored Morphogenetic Information by Plants.
    Abstract Flax seedlings grown in the absence of environmental stimuli, stresses and injuries do not form epidermal meristems in their hypocotyls. Such meristems do form when the stimuli are combined with a transient depletion of calcium. These stimuli include the “manipulation stimulus” resulting from transferring the seedlings from germination to growth conditions. If, after a stimulus, calcium depletion is delayed, meristem production is also delayed; in other words, the meristem-production instruction can be memorised. Memorisation includes both storage and recall of (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. Russell Powell, Convergent Evolution and the Limits of Natural Selection.
    Abstract Stephen Jay Gould argued that replaying the “tape of life” would result in a radically different evolutionary outcome. Some biologists and philosophers, however, have pointed to convergent evolution as evidence for robust replicability in macroevolution. These authors interpret homoplasy, or the independent origination of similar biological forms, as evidence for the power of natural selection to guide form toward certain morphological attractors, notwithstanding the diversionary tendencies of drift and the constraints of phylogenetic inertia. In this paper, I consider the (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. John Churchill, Ingolf Dalferth, Patrick Horn & Jeffery Willetts, How Cool is the Philosophy of Religion?
    How cool is the philosophy of religion? Content Type Journal Article Category Article Pages 1-17 DOI 10.1007/s11153-011-9330-5 Authors John Churchill, Phi Beta Kappa National Office, Washington, DC, USA Ingolf Dalferth, Institute of Hermeneutics and Philosophy of Religion, University of Zurich, Kirchgasse 9, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland Patrick Horn, Claremont Graduate Center, Claremont, CA, USA Jeffery Willetts, Leland School of Ministries, Richmond, VA, USA Journal International Journal for Philosophy of Religion Online ISSN 1572-8684 Print ISSN 0020-7047.
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forthcoming articles
  1. Øyvind Kvalnes, Blurred Promises: Ethical Consequences of Fine Print Policies in Insurance.
    The insurance industry’s practice of producing comprehensive insurance policies can have unforeseen and negative ethical consequences. Insurance policies express promises from the insurer to the insured, to the effect that the insurer should be trusted to appropriately assist the insured in case of accident. The relation is seriously undermined when the content of the promise is blurred, containing clauses and condition which are ambiguous or hidden in fine print. This paper contains an investigation of (1) the sources of the fine (...)
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  2. Jatinder J. Singh, Oriol Iglesias & Joan Manel Batista-Foguet, Does Having an Ethical Brand Matter? The Influence of Consumer Perceived Ethicality on Trust, Affect and Loyalty.
    The recent rise in ethical consumerism has seen increasing numbers of corporate brands project a socially responsible and ethical image. But does having a corporate brand that is perceived to be ethical have any influence on outcome variables of interest for its product brands? This study analyzes the relationship between perceived ethicality at a corporate level, and brand trust, brand affect and brand loyalty at a product level. A theoretical framework with hypothesized relationships is developed and tested in order to (...)
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  1. Reinhard Blutner, Questions and Answers in an Orthoalgebraic Approach.
    Taking the lead from orthodox quantum theory, I will introduce a handy generalization of the Boolean approach to propositions and questions: the orthoalgebraic framework. I will demonstrate that this formalism relates to a formal theory of questions (or ‘observables’ in the physicist’s jargon). This theory allows formulating attitude questions, which normally are non-commuting, i.e., the ordering of the questions affects the answer behavior of attitude questions. Further, it allows the expression of conditional questions such as “If Mary reads the book, (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. James Dietz & Juan Rogers, Meanings and Policy Implications of “Transformative Research”: Frontiers, Hot Science, Evolution, and Investment Risk.
    Abstract In recent times there has been a surge in interest on policy instruments to stimulate scientific and engineering research that is of greater consequence, advancing our knowledge in leaps rather than steps and is therefore more “creative” or, in the language of recent reports, “transformative.” Associated with the language of “transformative research” there appears to be much enthusiasm and conviction that the future of research is tied to it. However, there is very little clarity as to what exactly it (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. James Giordano, Unpacking Neuroscience and Neurotechnology - Instructions Not Included: Neuroethics Required.
    Abstract Using a metaphorical reminiscence upon holiday toys - and the hopes, challenges and possibilities they presented - this essay addresses the ways that the heuristics, outcomes and products of neuroscience have effected change in the human condition, predicament, and being. A note of caution is offered to pragmatically assess what can be done with neurotechnology, what can't, and what should and shouldn't - based upon the capacities and limitations of both the science, and our collective ability to handle knowledge, (...)
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    David Yates, Functionalism and the Metaphysics of Causal Exclusion.
    Given their physical realization, what causal work is left for functional properties to do? Humean solutions to the exclusion problem (e.g. overdetermination and difference-making) typically appeal to counterfactual and/or nomic relations between functional property-instances and behavioural effects, tacitly assuming that such relations suffice for causal work. Clarification of the notion of causal work, I argue, shows not only that such solutions don't work, but also reveals a novel solution to the exclusion problem based on the relations between dispositional properties at (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. Bjørn Thomassen, Reason and Religion in Rawls: Voegelin's Challenge.
    This article argues that we must abandon the still predominant view of modernity as based upon a separation between the secular and the religious - a “separation” which is allegedly now brought into question again in “postsecularity”. It is more meaningful to start from the premise that religion and politics have always co-existed in various fields of tension and will continue to do so. The question then concerns the natures and modalities of this tension, and how one can articulate a (...)
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    Jacob Beck, Why We Can't Say What Animals Think.
    Realists about animal cognition confront a puzzle. If animals have real, contentful cognitive states, why can’t anyone say precisely what the contents of those states are? I consider several possible resolutions to this puzzle that are open to realists, and argue that the best of these is likely to appeal to differences in the format of animal cognition and human language.
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forthcoming articles
  1. Kristján Kristjánsson, Aristotelian Motivational Externalism.
    Recent virtue theorists in psychology implicitly assume the truth of motivational internalism, and this assumption restricts the force and scope of the message that they venture to offer as scientists. I aim to contrive a way out of their impasse by arguing for a version of Aristotelian motivational externalism and suggesting why these psychologists should adopt it. There is a more general problem, however. Although motivational externalism has strong intuitive appeal, at least for moral realists and ‘Humeans’ about motivation, it (...)
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volume 4, issue , 2012
  1. Joachim Dagg, The Paradox of Sexual Reproduction and the Levels of Selection: Can Sociobiology Shed a Light?
    The group selection controversy largely focuses on altruism (e.g., Wilson 1983; Lloyd 2001; Shavit 2004; Okasha 2006, 173ff; Borrello 2010; Leigh 2010; Rosas 2010; Hamilton and Dimond in press). Multilevel selection theory is a resolution of this controversy. Whereas kin selection partitions inclusive fitness into direct and indirect components (via influencing the replication of copies of genes in other individuals), multilevel selection considers within-group and between-group components of fitness (Gardner et al. 2011; Lion et al. 2011). Two scenarios of multilevel (...)
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    Jacob Beck, Do Animals Engage in Conceptual Thought?
    This paper surveys and evaluates the answers that philosophers and animal researchers have given to two questions. Do animals have thoughts? If so, are their thoughts conceptual? Along the way, special attention is paid to distinguish debates of substance from mere battles over terminology, and to isolate fruitful areas for future research.
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forthcoming articles
  1. Christine Vitrano, Meaningful Lives?
    Contemporary ethical theorists have sought criteria to identify meaningful lives. A central issue that divides accounts is whether the concept of meaningfulness rests on objective values. My own view is that each side in the controversy is partially right and partially wrong. I believe objective values are needed for the concept of a meaningful life but that no successful account of such values has yet been offered. Lacking such an account, the concept of a meaningful life should be replaced by (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. Mark Murphy & John Bamber, Introduction: From Fromm to Lacan: Habermas and Education in Conversation.
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  2. Troy A. Richardson, Disrupting the Coloniality of Being: Toward De-Colonial Ontologies in Philosophy of Education.
    This essay works to bridge conversations in philosophy of education with decolonial theory. The author considers Margonis’ ( 1999 , 2011a , b ) use of Rousseau ( 1979 ) and Heidegger ( 1962 ) in developing an ontological attitude that counters social hierarchies and promotes anti-colonial relations. While affirming this effort, the essay outlines a coloniality of being at work in Rousseau and Heidegger through thier reliance on the colonial conceptualization of African Americans and Native Americans as savage and (...)
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Jan 30th 2012 GMT
volume 17, issue 2, 2012
  1. ClementinaRed, Specular Phenomenology: Art and Art Criticism.
    This paper explores the dialogue between Collingwood and Guido de Ruggiero on art and art criticism. The sense of identity of these two activities, it will be argued, can be understood only if one considers the criticism of living art: The art of one who also creates, who through a critical process transforms an outline into a work of art. Thus understood a work of art belongs to the life of the spirit, if considered from the dimension of becoming. Only (...)
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volume 13, issue 1, 2012
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    Bennett Gilbert, Freshest Advices on What To Do With the Historical Method in Philosophy When Using It to Study a Little Bit of Philosophy That Has Been Lost to History.
    The paper explores the question of the relationship between the practice of original philosophical inquiry and the study of the history of philosophy. It is written from my point of view as someone starting a research project in the history of philosophy that calls this issue into question, in order to review my starting positions. I argue: first, that any philosopher is sufficiently embedded in culture that her practice is necessarily historical; second, that original work is in fact in part (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. Nicholas Warren, Andrea Staiti, Geistigkeit, Leben Und Geschichtliche Welt in der Transzendentalphänomenologie Husserls.
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  1. Justin C. Fisher, Dispositions, Conditionals and Auspicious Circumstances.
    A number of authors have suggested that a conditional analysis of dispositions must take roughly the following form: Thing X is disposed to produce response R to stimulus S just in case, if X were exposed to S and surrounding circumstances were auspicious ,then X would produce R. The great challenge is cashing out the relevant notion of ‘auspicious circumstances’. I give a general argument which entails that all existing conditional analyses fail, and that there is no satisfactory way to (...)
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    Sam Baron, Presentism, Truth and Supervenience.
    Truthmaker theory is commonly thought to pose a challenge for presentism. Presentism seems to lack the ontological and ideological resources required to adequately underwrite the truth of propositions concerning the past. That is because if presentism is true, then the past does not exist. According to the standard response to this challenge, the truth of propositions concerning the past supervenes on surrogate entities that ‘stand proxy’ for past things. I argue that in order for the standard response to the truthmaker (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. Rohan French, An Argument Against General Validity?
    This paper argues that a prominent—and oft-thought to be persuasive—argument against general validity as the best account of validity for languages containing the actuality operator is flawed, the flaw arising out of inadequate attention to the formalisation of mood distinctions.
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  2. Rogério Passos Severo, A Note on Essential Indexicals of Direction.
    Some authors claim that ‘I’ and ‘now’ are essential indexicals, in the sense that they cannot be eliminated in favor of other indexicals or nonindexical expressions. This article argues that three indexicals of direction—one for each spatial dimension (e.g., ‘up’, ‘front’, and ‘left’)—must also be regarded essential, insofar as they are used as pure indexicals and not as demonstratives.
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Jan 29th 2012 GMT
forthcoming articles
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    Raphael van Riel, Identity, Asymmetry, and the Relevance of Meanings for Models of Reduction.
    Assume that water reduces to H2O. If so water is identical to H2O (according to one interpretation of the term `reduction´). At the same time, if water reduces to H2O then H2O does not reduce to water–the reduction relation is asymmetric. This generates a puzzle–if water just is H2O it is hard to see how we can account for the asymmetry of the reduction relation. The paper proposes a solution to this puzzle. It is argued that (i) the reduction predicate (...)
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volume 41, issue 3, 2012
  1. Peter Alward, Description, Disagreement, and Fictional Names.
    In this paper, a theory of the contents of fictional names — names of fictional people, places, etc. — will be developed.1 The fundamental datum that must be addressed by such a theory is that fictional names are, in an important sense, empty: the entities to which they putatively refer do not exist.2 Nevertheless, they make substantial contributions to the truth conditions of sentences in which they occur. Not only do such sentences have truth conditions, sentences differing only in the (...)
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  2. Björn Brunnander, On the Theoretical Motivation for Positing Etiological Functions.
    It is a plain fact that biology makes use of terms and expressions commonly spoken of as teleological. Biologists frequently speak of the function of biological items. They may also say that traits are 'supposed to' perform some of their effects, claim that traits are 'for' specific effects, or that organisms have particular traits 'in order to' engage in specific interactions. There is general agreement that there must be something useful about this linguistic practice but it is controversial whether it (...)
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  3. Michael Garnett, Practical Reason and the Unity of Agency.
    Self-Constitution is a thrillingly ambitious book. Ranging widely over both historical and contemporary debates in ethics and the philosophy of agency, Korsgaard sets herself the task of answering some of the hardest questions moral philosophy has to ask. It is required reading for anyone with interests in agency, practical reason, personal identity, or the ethical teachings of Plato, Aristotle, Hume, or Kant. It is also that rarest of academic books: a major contribution to ongoing debate written with such warmth, wit, (...)
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  4. Janet Levin, Imaginability, Possibility, and the Puzzle of Imaginative Resistance.
    It is standard practice in philosophical inquiry to test a general thesis (of the form 'F iff G' or 'F only if G') by attempting to construct a counterexample to it. If we can imagine or conceive of1an F that isn't a G, then we have evidence that there could be an F that isn't a G — and thus evidence against the thesis in question; if not, then the thesis is (at least temporarily) secure. Or so it is standardly (...)
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  5. Bernard Linsky, Critical Notice of Richard Gaskin's The Unity of the Proposition.
    According to Richard Gaskin, The Problem of the Unity of the Proposition is to explain 'what distinguishes propositions from mere aggregates, and enables them to be true or false' (18).1 This problem arises from the simpler problem of distinguishing a sentence from a 'mere list' of words (1). The unity of a sentence is due to its syntax, a level of structure which is not apparent in the string of words which are uttered or written, and which distinguishes a sentence (...)
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forthcoming articles
  1. Lei Wang & Heikki Juslin, Values and Corporate Social Responsibility Perceptions of Chinese University Students.
    The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of personal demographic factors on Chinese university students’ values and perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) issues, and to identify the link between personal values and perceptions of CSR. The quantitative data consisted of 980 Chinese university students, and were collected by using a structured self-completion questionnaire. This study found that: 1) the importance of values education should be stressed, because we found that altruistic values associate negatively with perception of (...)
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volume 50, issue 1, 2012
  1. Barry Allen, Aristotle on the Nature of Truth.
    The drive of this book, without ever quite saying so, is to recommend Aristotle’s teaching on truth for contemporary thought. The book is more about concepts and arguments around truth than about truth per se. The explanation of the famous definition of truth, as saying of what is that it is, occupies a few pages. The rest of the book elucidates the vast subtext of this limpid passage. What must intellect be, what must speech be, what must beings be, for (...)
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  2. Han Baltussen, One Book, The Whole Universe: Plato's Timaeus Today.
    A new volume on one of the most influential and most discussed works from antiquity should offer something new. In this truly interdisciplinary volume, a great number of intriguing problems posed by Plato's Timaeus are given a fresh and lucid treatment. Contributors from an unusual range of backgrounds reflect on aspects of Plato's astounding synthesis of natural philosophy, including cosmology, theology, perception, physiology, and more. Plato's synthesis was original, reusing previous ideas for a new vision of the structure and coherence (...)
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  3. Brady Bowman, Spinozist Pantheism and the Truth of "Sense Certainty": What the Eleusinian Mysteries Tell Us About Hegel's Phenomenology.
    The Opening Chapter of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit, called "Sense Certainty," is brief: 283 lines or about seven and a half pages in the critical edition of Hegel's works (GW 9:63–70). Just over half the text is devoted to a series of thought experiments1 that focus on "the Here" and "the Now" as the two basic forms of immediate sensuous particularity Hegel calls "the This." The chapter's main goal is to demonstrate that, in truth, the object of sense certainty is (...)
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  4. Matthew R. Cosgrove, Parmenides and Presocratic Philosophy.
    John Palmer, author of Plato’s Reception of Parmenides (Oxford, 1999), here essays a radically new interpretation of Parmenides and his relation to Presocratic predecessors and successors, challenging received Anglo-American views (Heidegger and his epigones are ignored) on numerous fronts. Palmer sees the prevailing narrative in the first two volumes of Guthrie’s History as modified by Owen, Barnes, and Kirk/Raven/Schofield, and means not to revise but to overturn it (although on his own account, especially of recent scholarship on the early thinkers (...)
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  5. Emmanuel Faye, Being, History, Technology, and Extermination in the Work of Heidegger.
    The year 2001, the first of our twenty-first century, marks a turning point in the publication of the work of Martin Heidegger. That year, the very first courses he taught during the Third Reich were published. Under the seemingly noble title Being and Truth (Sein und Wahrheit), the double volume 36/37 of the complete works (Gesamtausgabe) grouped the 1933 summer course, The Fundamental Question of Philosophy (Der Grundfrage der Philosophie), and the 1933/34 winter semester course, On the Essence of Truth (...)
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  6. Joel E. Mann, Causation, Agency, and the Law: On Some Subtleties in Antiphon's Second Tetralogy.
    In his Masterly Study of the Presocratic philosophers, Jonathan Barnes considers the refinements made by the early Greek sophists to the related concepts of cause and responsibility. Barnes judges Gorgias's Helen to have treated "in philosophical depth the issue of responsibility," in apparent contrast to Antiphon's second tetralogy, which, presumably, does not.1 The tetralogy itself comprises four speeches, two each by an imaginary plaintiff and a fictitious defendant. Certain facts are undisputed. In the course of an athletic contest among youths (...)
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  7. Lawrence Nolan, Malebranche on Sensory Cognition and "Seeing As".
    Nicolas Malebranche Famously holds that we see all things in the physical world by means of ideas in God. This is the doctrine of Vision in God. In his initial formulation of the doctrine in the first edition of the Search After Truth (1674), Malebranche seems to posit ideas of particular physical objects in God, such as the idea of the sun or the idea of a tree. However, in Elucidations of the Search published four years later he insists that (...)
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  8. Gerald A. Press, Plato's Philosophers: The Coherence of the Dialogues.
    For most of the twentieth century, interpreters of Plato took little interest in the dramatic aspects of the dialogues, assumed Plato's teachings were directly expressed by their leading speakers, and sought to understand prima facie absences and inconsistencies among apparent teachings through a developmental picture of Plato's thought. Rarely did they explain why Plato occasionally used philosophical characters as different from each other and from Socrates as Parmenides, Timaeus, and the Eleatic Stranger, leaving Socrates present but largely silent. Nor did (...)
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  9. John J. Tilley, Exciting Reasons and Moral Rationalism in Hutcheson's Illustrations Upon the Moral Sense.
    One of the most oft-cited parts of Francis Hutcheson's Illustrations upon the Moral Sense is his discussion of "exciting reasons."1 In that discussion he defends what has come to be called, owing to its later association with David Hume, "the Humean view of motivation." My topic in this paper is the relation of that discussion to Hutcheson's critique of moral rationalism and, more generally, to his aims in the Illustrations. By ‘moral rationalism' I mean the view, held by Samuel Clarke, (...)
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  10. Richard A. Watson, The Journal of the History of Philosophy: What It All Means.
    The Study of the History of Philosophy as an independent discipline to exhibit and explicate philosophical systems as their originators meant them to be understood is less than one hundred years old. On the other hand, philosophers from Plato and Aristotle through the Middle Ages to Bertrand Russell and Richard Rorty have represented the systems of their predecessors in the light of, and as leading to, their own philosophical positions. It is not surprising then that the study of the long (...)
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forthcoming articles
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    John Gibson, The Question of Poetic Meaning.
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    Samuel Alexander, The First-Order Syntax of Variadic Functions.
    We extend first-order logic to include variadic function symbols, and prove a substitution lemma. Two applications are given: one to bounded quantifier elimination and one to the definability of certain Borel sets.
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Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
forthcoming articles
  1. Jacqueline Broad, Margaret Fell.
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1 — 100 / 2160