Online research in philosophy

If one intends to analyse the relevant features, dimensions und conditions of experienced time, music is a particularly suited field. Music excellently exposes temporal structures and modes of time experience. Temporality is an essential feature of music in such a way that music has often been called “the art of time par excellence “. The variety of music-specific qualities can be related to two fundamental structural features of music: the irreversible course of tones, i.e. sound events in time (music in (...) time); the temporal structures 'represented' in music (time in music). It is noteworthy that, on the one hand, music serves as the heuristic example in important philosophies of time, especially in philosophical theories of inner time consciousness. On the other hand, theories of musical time allow substantial conclusions to be drawn in philosophical accounts of time. The concepts of music and time, in their respective meaning, seem to be linked to each other in a non-contingent way. German Will man Merkmale, Dimensionen und Bedingungen erlebter Zeit erkunden, dann ist Musik ein besonders geeignetes Phänomen. Musik gibt in ausgezeichneter Weise Aufschluss über Zeitstrukturierung und Weisen der Zeiterfahrung. Zeitlichkeit ist ein so wesentliches Merkmal von Musik, dass man Musik häufig ,die Zeitkunst par excellence' nennt. Damit sind verschiedene Eigenschaften von Musik angesprochen, die sich großenteils auf zwei Grundsachverhalte zurückbeziehen lassen: der irreversible Verlauf der Tonoder Klangereignisse in der Zeit (Musik in der Zeit); die Zeitstrukturen, die in einer Musik zur ,Darstellung' kommen (Zeit in der Musik). Philosophiegeschichtlich fällt auf, dass Musik in bedeutenden philosophischen Zeittheorien, insbesondere in Theorien des inneren Zeitbewusstseins, als heuristisches Exemplifikationsmedium verwendet wird. Theorien musikalischer Zeit ergeben im Gegenzug substantielle Rückschlüsse für philosophische Zeittheorien. Musikbegriff und Zeitbegriff scheinen in ihrer jeweiligen Bedeutung auf eine nicht-kontingente Weise aufeinander verwiesen zu sein. (shrink)

Beginning with the publication of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and extending through to Hegel’s death, the period known as German Idealism signaled the end of an epoch of rationalism, empiricism, and enlightenment—and the beginning of a new “critical” period of philosophy. The most comprehensive anthology of this vital tradition to date, German Idealism brings together an expansive selection of readings from the tradition’s major figures like Kant, Hegel, Fichte, and Schelling. Arranged thematically into sections on topics such as the (...) relationships between self and knowledge, freedom and morality, law and state, and nature and science, to name a few, German Idealism discloses many of the contrasts that helped to differentiate each of the tradition’s key thinkers. Each expertly translated text comes with an editorial introduction to guide readers through many of the problems the texts specifically deal with, as well as their historical context. The most accessible and expansive introduction to German Idealism ever, this anthology will be hailed by instructors and scholars as the most dependable guide to the tradition for years to come. (shrink)