Online research in philosophy

Jean-Marc Narbonne | : Pour parler de la chute ou de la déclinaison de l’Âme (Sophia) dans le cadre des récits cosmogoniques gnostiques, Plotin a recours, en sus du terme νεῦσις, au substantif σφάλμα (ou encore au verbe correspondant σφάλλεσθαι), comme s’il s’agissait d’un synonyme de νεῦσις. L’enquête que nous avons menée montre le bien-fondé de cet usage, puisque le terme σφάλμα est, de fait, utilisé par les hérésiologues pour décrire, dans un langage hérité du néo-pythagorisme et donc rythmé par (...) le nombre, la chute de Sophia, laquelle incarne le douzième éon de la Dodécade en même temps que le trentième et dernier éon de l’ensemble du Plérôme. Rapporté à la métaphysique pythagoricienne dont il relève, le récit gnostique perd toute apparence d’arbitraire et révèle enfin sa véritable structure, commandée de bout en bout par le nombre. Il est raisonnable de penser que l’arithmologie rivale du traité 34 de Plotin est là pour y couper court. | : When speaking of the fall or decline of the Soul (Sophia) within the context of the Gnostic cosmogonic narratives, Plotinus, in addition to the term νεῦσις, resorts to the substantive σφάλμα (or the corresponding verb σφάλλεσθαι), as if it were a synonym of νεῦσις. The following investigation demonstrates the validity of this usage, as the term σφάλμα is, in fact, used by the heresiologists to describe, in a language inherited from Neopythagoreanism, and therefore structured by number, the fall of Sophia, which embodies both the twelfth aeon of the Dodecade as well as the thirtieth and final aeon of the entire Pleroma. Related back to the Pythagorean metaphysics whence it is stems, the Gnostic narrative loses any appearance of arbitrariness and finally reveals its true structure, ordered from start to finish by number. It is reasonable to think that the rival arithmology of Plotinus’ Treatise 34 was created in order to undermine this very narrative. (shrink)

The point of view put forth in the following pages differs greatly from the common perspective according to which the treatises 30 to 33 constitute a single work, a Großschrift, and this single work, Plotinus essential response to the ...

Let me begin with a strong affirmation on the part of Levinas, almost a condemnation of all philosophical discourse itself, such as we find in “The Trace of the Other”: Western philosophy coincides with the unveiling of the Other in which the Other, in manifesting itself as being, loses its otherness. Philosophy has been stricken since its infancy with a horror for the Other that remains Other — an insurmountable allergy. That is why it is essentially a philosophy of being, (...) the understanding of being its last word and the fundamental structure of man. That is also why it becomes a philosophy of immanence and autonomy, or atheism. The God of the philosophers, from Aristotle to Leibniz, including the God of the scholastics, is a god adequate to reason. (shrink)

Iamblichus has long lived under the shadow of Plotinus. One can easily recognize this from the historiography of the Neoplatonic school starting, for example, with J.J. Brucker's Historia critica philosophiae (1742) and continuing with Hegel and 19th century historians like Simon and Vacherot in France, Kroll and Zeller in Germany. But from Praechter on Iamblichus was acknowledged more and more as an original thinker and the real systematizer of the late Neoplatonic School. We can see more clearly now that the (...) inclusion of theurgy into Neoplatonism does not mean a simple abandonment of philosophy or rational discourse, and that the discipline of textual exegesis does not negate the originality of the commentator. In Proclus, for one, these complementary strains are strongly present. In rebuilding the whole Platonic system, Iamblichus - the Chrysippus of Neoplatonism - skillfully incorporated elements like the Chaldean triads which were unknown to Plotinus, and presented a completely new account of the nature of theology. This feat shows a genius no less impressive, albeit of another type, than the one disclosed by Plotinus himself. (shrink)

The book examines the particular character Neoplatonism takes in this retrieval, and traces connections between leading figures within the French and Anglophone ...