Please note that the distinction in the bibliography between introductory texts, primary, and secondary literature is partially artificial.

Introductory Texts

• Blackburn, Patrick, Maarten de Rijke, and Yde Venema, 2001, Modal Logic, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9781107050884 (Scholar)
• Chellas, Brian F., 1980, Modal Logic: an Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Fitting, M. and Richard L. Mendelsohn, 1998, First-Order Modal Logic, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. (Scholar)
• Garson, James W., 2013, Modal Logic for Philosophers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Hughes, G.E. and M.J. Cresswell, 1968, An Introduction to Modal Logic, London: Methuen. (Scholar)
• –––, 1984, A Companion to Modal Logic, London: Methuen. (Scholar)
• –––, 1996, A New Introduction to Modal Logic, London: Routledge. (Scholar)

Primary Literature

• Alban, M.J., 1943, “Independence of the Primitive Symbols of Lewis’s Calculi of Propositions”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 8(1): 25–26. doi:10.2307/2267978 (Scholar)
• Anderson, Alan Ross, 1957, “Independent Axiom Schemata for Von Wright’s M”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 22(3): 241–244. doi:10.2307/2963591 (Scholar)
• Barcan (Marcus), Ruth C., 1946a, “A Functional Calculus of First Order Based on Strict Implication”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 11(1): 1–16. doi:10.2307/2269159 (Scholar)
• –––, 1946b, “The Deduction Theorem in a Functional Calculus of First Order Based on Strict Implication”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 11(4): 115–118. doi:10.2307/2268309 (Scholar)
• –––, 1947, “The Identity of Individuals in a Strict Functional Calculus of Second Order”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 12(1): 12–15. doi:10.2307/2267171 (Scholar)
• Bayart, Arnould, 1958, “Correction de la Logique Modal du Premier et du Second Ordre S5”, Logique et Analyse, 1: 28–45. (Scholar)
• –––, 1959, “Quasi-Adéquation de la Logique Modal du Second Ordre S5 et Adéquation de la Logique Modal du Premier Ordre S5”, Logique et Analyse, 2: 99–121. (Scholar)
• Becker, Oskar, 1930, “Zur Logik der Modalitäten”, Jahrbuch für Philosophie und Phänomenologische Forschung, 11: 497–548. (Scholar)
• Bennett, Jonathan, 1954, “Meaning and Implication”, Mind, 63(252): 451–463. (Scholar)
• Bernays, Paul, 1926, “Axiomatische Untersuchung des Aussagenkalküls der Principia Mathematica”, Mathematische Zeitschrift, 25: 305–320. (Scholar)
• –––, 1948, “Review of Rudolf Carnap’s ‘Modalities and Quantification’ (1946)”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 13(4): 218–219. doi:10.2307/2267149 (Scholar)
• –––, 1950, “Review of Rudolf Carnap’s Meaning and Necessity”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 14(4): 237–241. doi:10.2307/2269233 (Scholar)
• Bull, R.A., 1964, “A Note on the Modal Calculi S4.2 and S4.3”, Zeitschrift für Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, 10(4): 53–55. doi:10.1002/malq.19640100403 (Scholar)
• –––, 1965, “An Algebraic Study of Diodorean Modal Systems”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 30(1): 58–64. doi:10.2307/2270582 (Scholar)
• –––, 1966, “Than All Normal Extensions of S4.3 Have the Finite Model Property”, Zeitschrift für Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, 12: 341–344. doi:10.1002/malq.19660120129 (Scholar)
• –––, 1968, “An Algebraic Study of Tense Logics with Linear Time”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 33(1): 27–38. doi:10.2307/2270049 (Scholar)
• Carnap, Rudolf, 1946, “Modalities and Quantification”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 11(2): 33–64. doi:10.2307/2268610 (Scholar)
• –––, 1947, Meaning and Necessity, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2^nd edition with supplements, 1956. (Scholar)
• –––, 1963a, “My Conception of the Logic of Modalities”, in Schlipp 1963: 889–900. (Scholar)
• –––, 1963b, “My Conception of Semantics”, in Schlipp 1963: 900–905. (Scholar)
• Dugundji, James, 1940, “Note on a Property of Matrices for Lewis and Langford’s Calculi of Propositions”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 5(4): 150–151. doi:10.2307/2268175 (Scholar)
• Dummett, M.A.E. and E.J. Lemmon, 1959, “Modal Logics between S4 and S5”, Zeitschrift für Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, 5(5): 250–264. doi:10.1002/malq.19590051405 (Scholar)
• Feys, Robert, 1937, “Les Logiques Nouvelles des Modalités”, Revue Néoscolastique de Philosophie, 40(56): 517–553. (Scholar)
• –––, 1963, “Carnap on Modalities”, in Schlipp 1963: 283–297. (Scholar)
• –––, 1965, Modal Logics, in Collection de Logique Mathématique (Volume 4), J. Dopp (ed.), Louvain: E. Nauwelaerts. (Scholar)
• Fine, Kit, 1974, “An Incomplete Logic Containing S4”, Theoria, 40(1): 23–29. doi:10.1111/j.1755-2567.1974.tb00076.x (Scholar)
• Gödel, Kurt, 1933, “Eine Interpretation des Intuitionistischen Aussagenkalküls”, Ergebnisse eines Mathematischen Kolloquiums, 4: pp. 39–40. English translation “An Interpretation of the Intuitionistic Propositional Calculus”, with an introductory note by A.S. Troelstra, in Kurt Gödel. Collected Works, Vol. 1: Publications 1929–1936, S. Feferman, J.W. Dawson, S.C. Kleene, G.H. Moore, R.M. Solovay, and J. van Heijenoort (eds.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986, pp. 296–303. (Scholar)
• Goldblatt, R.I., 1975, “First-order Definability in Modal Logic”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 40(1): 35–40. doi:10.2307/2272267 (Scholar)
• Halldén, Sören, 1948, “A Note Concerning the Paradoxes of Strict Implication and Lewis’s System S1”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 13(1): 138–139. doi:10.2307/2267814 (Scholar)
• –––, 1950, “Results Concerning the Decision Problem of Lewis’s Calculi S3 and S6”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 14(4): 230–236. doi:10.2307/2269232 (Scholar)
• –––, 1951, “On the Semantic Non-Completeness of Certain Lewis Calculi”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 16(2): 127–129. doi:10.2307/2266686 (Scholar)
• Hintikka, Jaakko, 1961, “Modality and Quantification”, Theoria, 27(3): 119–28; expanded version in Hintikka 1969: 57–70. doi:10.1111/j.1755-2567.1961.tb00020.x (Scholar)
• –––, 1963, “The Modes of Modality”, Acta Philosophica Fennica, 16: 65–81. Reprinted in Hintikka 1969: 71–86. (Scholar)
• –––, 1969, Models for Modalities, Dordrecht: D. Reidel. (Scholar)
• Jónsson, Bjarni and Alfred Tarski, 1951, “Boolean Algebras with Operators. Part I”, American Journal of Mathematics, 73(4): 891–939. doi:10.2307/2372123 (Scholar)
• –––, 1952, “Boolean Algebras with Operators. Part II”, American Journal of Mathematics, 74(1): 127–162. doi:10.2307/2372074 (Scholar)
• Kanger, Stig, 1957, Provability in Logic, (Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, Stockholm Studies in Philosophy, Vol. 1), Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell. (Scholar)
• Kripke, Saul A., 1959a, “A Completeness Theorem in Modal Logic”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 24(1): 1–14. doi:10.2307/2964568 (Scholar)
• –––, 1959b, “Semantical Analysis of Modal Logic” (abstract from the Twenty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the Association for Symbolic Logic), Journal of Symbolic Logic, 24(4): 323–324. doi:10.1017/s0022481200123321 (Scholar)
• –––, 1962, “The Undecidability of Monadic Modal Quantification Theory”, Zeitschrift für Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, 8(2): 113–116. doi:10.1002/malq.19620080204 (Scholar)
• –––, 1963a, “Semantical Analysis of Modal Logic I. Normal Modal Propositional Calculi”, Zeitschrift für Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, 9(5–6): 67–96. doi:10.1002/malq.19630090502 (Scholar)
• –––, 1963b, “Semantical Considerations on Modal Logic”, Acta Philosophica Fennica, 16: 83–94. (Scholar)
• –––, 1965, “Semantical Analysis of Modal Logic II. Non-normal Modal Propositional Calculi”, in Symposium on the Theory of Models, J.W. Addison, L. Henkin, and A. Tarski (eds.), Amsterdam: North-Holland, pp. 206–220. (Scholar)
• –––, 1967a, “Review of E.J. Lemmon ‘Algebraic Semantics for Modal Logics I’ (1966a)”, Mathematical Reviews, 34: 1021–1022. (Scholar)
• –––, 1967b, “Review of E.J. Lemmon ‘Algebraic Semantics for Modal Logics II’ (1966b)”, Mathematical Reviews, 34: 1022. (Scholar)
• Lemmon, E.J., 1957, “New Foundations for Lewis Modal Systems”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 22(2): 176–186. doi:0.2307/2964179 (Scholar)
• –––, 1966a, “Algebraic Semantics for Modal Logics I”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 31(1): 46–65. doi:10.2307/2270619 (Scholar)
• –––, 1966b, “Algebraic Semantics for Modal Logics II”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 31(2): 191–218. doi:10.2307/2269810 (Scholar)
• Lemon, E.J. (with Dana Scott), 1977, The “Lemmon Notes”. An Introduction to Modal Logic (American Philosophical Quarterly Monograph Series, vol. 11), K. Segerberg (ed.), Oxford: Basil Blackwell. (Scholar)
• Lewis, C.I., 1912, “Implication and the Algebra of Logic”, Mind, 21(84): 522–531. doi:10.1093/mind/xxi.84.522 (Scholar)
• –––, 1914, “The Calculus of Strict Implication”, Mind, 23(1): 240–247. doi:10.1093/mind/xxiii.1.240 (Scholar)
• –––, 1918, A Survey of Symbolic Logic, Berkeley: University of California Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 1920, “Strict Implication—An Emendation”, Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods, 17(11): 300–302. doi:10.2307/2940598 (Scholar)
• Lewis, C.I. and C.H. Langford, 1932, Symbolic Logic, London: Century; 2^nd edition 1959, New York: Dover. (Scholar)
• Łukasiewicz, Jan, 1920, “O Logice Trójwartościowej”, Ruch Filozoficzny, 5: 170–171. (Scholar)
• –––, 1930, “Philosophische Bemerkungen zu Mehrwertigen Systemen des Aussagenkalküls”, Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Société des Sciences et des Lettres de Varsovie, 23: 51–77. Translated and reprinted in Łukasiewicz 1970: 153–178. (Scholar)
• –––, 1970, Selected Works, L. Borkowski (ed.), Amsterdam: North-Holland. (Scholar)
• Łukasiewicz, Jan and Alfred Tarski, 1931,“Investigations into the Sentential Calculus”, in Alfred Tarski, 1956, Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 38–59. (Scholar)
• MacColl, Hugh, 1880, “Symbolical Reasoning”, Mind, 5(17): 45–60. doi:10.1093/mind/os-v.17.45 (Scholar)
• –––, 1897, “Symbolical Reasoning (II)”, Mind, 6(4): 493–510. doi:10.1093/mind/vi.4.493 (Scholar)
• –––, 1900, “Symbolical Reasoning (III)”, Mind, 9(36): 75–84. doi:10.1093/mind/ix.36.75 (Scholar)
• –––, 1906, Symbolic Logic and its Applications, London: Longmans, Green, and Co. (Scholar)
• Makinson, David C., 1966a, “How Meaningful are Modal Operators?”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 44(3): 331–337. doi:10.1080/00048406612341161 (Scholar)
• –––, 1966b, “On Some Completeness Theorems in Modal logic”, Zeitschrift für Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, 12: 379–384. doi:10.1002/malq.19660120131 (Scholar)
• –––, 1969, “A Normal Modal Calculus Between T and S4 Without the Finite Model Property”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 34(1): 35–38. doi:10.2307/2270978 (Scholar)
• McKinsey, J.C.C., 1934, “A Reduction in Number of the Postulates for C.I. Lewis’ System of Strict Implication”, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society (New Series), 40(6): 425–427. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1934-05881-6 (Scholar)
• –––, 1941, “A Solution of the Decision Problem for the Lewis Systems S2 and S4, with an Application to Topology”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 6(4): 117–134. doi:10.2307/2267105 (Scholar)
• –––, 1944, “On the Number of Complete Extensions of the Lewis Systems of Sentential Calculus”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 9(2): 42–45. doi:10.2307/2268020 (Scholar)
• –––, 1945, “On the Syntactical Construction of Systems of Modal Logic”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 10(3): 83–94. doi:10.2307/2267027 (Scholar)
• McKinsey, J.C.C. and Alfred Tarski, 1944, “The Algebra of Topology”, Annals of Mathematics, 45(1): 141–191. doi:10.2307/1969080 (Scholar)
• –––, 1946, “On Closed Elements in Closure Algebras”, Annals of Mathematics, 47(1): 122–162. doi:10.2307/1969038 (Scholar)
• –––, 1948, “Some Theorems about the Sentential Calculi of Lewis and Heyting”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 13(1): 1–15. doi:10.2307/2268135 (Scholar)
• Montague, Richard, 1960, “Logical Necessity, Physical Necessity, Ethics, and Quantifiers”, Inquiry, 3(1–4): 259–269. doi:10.1080/00201746008601312 (Scholar)
• Nelson, Everett J., 1930, “Intensional Relations”, Mind, 39(156): 440–453. doi:10.1093/mind/xxxix.156.440 (Scholar)
• Parry, William Tuthill, 1934, “The Postulates for ‘Strict Implication’”, Mind, 43(169): 78–80. doi:10.1093/mind/xliii.169.78 (Scholar)
• –––, 1939, “Modalities in the Survey System of Strict Implication”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 4(4): 137–154. doi:10.2307/2268714 (Scholar)
• Prior, Arthur N., 1955, Formal Logic, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 1956, “Modality and Quantification in S5”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 21(1): 60–62. doi:10.2307/2268488 (Scholar)
• –––, 1957, Time and Modality, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 1962, “Possible Worlds”, Philosophical Quarterly, 12(46): 36–43. doi:10.2307/2216837 (Scholar)
• Prior, Arthur N. and Kit Fine, 1977, Worlds, Times and Selves, Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. (Scholar)
• Quine, W.V., 1947a, “The Problem of Interpreting Modal Logic”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 12(2): 43–48. doi:10.2307/2267247 (Scholar)
• –––, 1947b, “Review of The Deduction Theorem in a Functional Calculus of First Order Based on Strict Implication by Ruth C. Barcan (1946b)”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 12(3): 95–96. doi:10.2307/2267230 (Scholar)
• –––, 1970, Philosophy of Logic, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (Scholar)
• Russell, Bertrand, 1906, “Review of Hugh MacColl Symbolic Logic and Its Applications (1906)”, Mind, 15(58): 255–260. doi:10.1093/mind/xv.58.255 (Scholar)
• Schlipp, Paul Arthur (ed.), 1963, The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap (The Library of Living Philosophers: Volume 11), La Salle: Open Court. (Scholar)
• Scroggs, Schiller Joe, 1951, “Extensions of the Lewis System S5”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 16(2): 112–120. doi:10.2307/2266683 (Scholar)
• Segerberg, Krister, 1968, “Decidability of S4.1”, Theoria, 34(1): 7–20. doi:10.1111/j.1755-2567.1968.tb00335.x (Scholar)
• –––, 1971, An Essay in Classical Modal Logic, 3 volumes, (Filosofiska Studier, Vol. 13), Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet. (Scholar)
• Simons, Leo, 1953, “New Axiomatizations of S3 and S4”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 18(4): 309–316. doi:10.2307/2266554 (Scholar)
• Sobociński, Boleslaw, 1953, “Note on a Modal System of Feys-von Wright”, Journal of Computing Systems, 1(3): 171–178. (Scholar)
• –––, 1962, “A Contribution to the Axiomatization of Lewis’ System S5”, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 3(1): 51–60. doi:10.1305/ndjfl/1093957059 (Scholar)
• Strawson, P.F., 1948, “Necessary Propositions and Entailment-Statements”, Mind, 57(226): 184–200. doi:10.1093/mind/lvii.226.184 (Scholar)
• Thomason, Richmond H., 1973, “Philosophy and Formal Semantics”, in Truth, Syntax and Modality, Hugues Leblanc (ed.), Amsterdam: North-Holland, pp. 294–307. (Scholar)
• Thomason, Steven K., 1973, “A New Representation of S5”, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 14(2): 281–284. doi:10.1305/ndjfl/1093890907 (Scholar)
• –––, 1974, “An Incompleteness Theorem in Modal Logic”, Theoria, 40(1): 30–34. doi:10.1111/j.1755-2567.1974.tb00077.x (Scholar)
• van Benthem, Johan, 1978, “Two Simple Incomplete Modal Logics”, Theoria, 44: 25–37. doi:10.1111/j.1755-2567.1978.tb00830.x (Scholar)
• –––, 1984, “Possible Worlds Semantics: A Research Program that Cannot Fail?”, Studia Logica, 43: 379–393. (Scholar)
• von Wright, G.H., 1951, An Essay in Modal Logic (Studies in Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics: Volume V), L.E.J. Brouwer, E.W. Beth, and A. Heyting (eds.), Amsterdam: North-Holland. (Scholar)
• Whitehead, Alfred North and Bertrand Russell, 1910, Principia Mathematica (Volume I), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)

Secondary Literature

• Ballarin, Roberta, 2005, “Validity and Necessity”, Journal of Philosophical Logic, 34(3): 275–303. doi:10.1007/s10992-004-7800-2 (Scholar)
• –––, 2021, “Quine on Modality”, in The Routledge Handbook of Modality, Otávio Bueno and Scott A. Shalkowski (eds.), New York: Routledge, pp. 390–399. (Scholar)
• Belnap, Nuel D., Jr., 1981, “Modal and Relevance Logics: 1977”, in Modern Logic: A Survey, Evandro Agazzi (ed.), Dordrecht: D. Reidel, pp. 131–151. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-9056-2_8 (Scholar)
• Blackburn, Patrick and Johan van Benthem, 2007a, “Modal Logic: A Semantic Perspective”, in Blackburn, van Benthem, and Wolter 2007b: chapter 1. (Scholar)
• Blackburn, Patrick, Johan van Benthem, and Frank Wolter, (eds.), 2007b, Handbook of Modal Logic (Studies in Logic and Practical Reasoning: Volume 3), Amsterdam: Elsevier. (Scholar)
• Bull, Robert and Krister Segerberg, 1984, “Basic Modal Logic”, in Extensions of Classical Logic (Handbook of Philosophical Logic: Volume 2), D.M. Gabbay and F. Guenthner (eds.), Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 1–88. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-6259-0_1 (Scholar)
• Burgess, John P., 2009, Philosophical Logic, Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Scholar)
• Cocchiarella, Nino B., 1975a, “Logical Atomism, Nominalism, and Modal Logic”, Synthese, 31(1): 23–62. doi:10.1007/bf00869470 (Scholar)
• –––, 1975b, “On the Primary and Secondary Semantics of Logical Necessity”, Journal of Philosophical Logic, 4(1): 13–27. doi:10.1007/bf00263118 (Scholar)
• Copeland, B. Jack, 2002, “The Genesis of Possible Worlds Semantics”, Journal of Philosophical Logic, 31(2): 99–137. doi:10.1023/a:1015273407895 (Scholar)
• Curley, E.M., 1975, “The Development of Lewis’ Theory of Strict Implication”, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 16(4): 517–527. doi:10.1305/ndjfl/1093891890 (Scholar)
• Deutsch, Harry, 1994, “Logic for Contingent Beings”, Journal of Philosophical Research, 19: 273–329. (Scholar)
• Goldblatt, Robert, 2003, “Mathematical Modal Logic: A View of its Evolution”, in Logic and the Modalities in the Twentieth Century (Handbook of the History of Logic: Volume 7), D.M. Gabbay and J. Woods (eds.), Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 1–98. [2003, Journal of Applied Logic, 1(5–6): 309–392. doi:10.1016/s1570-8683(03)00008-9] (Scholar)
• Kaplan, David, 1966, “Review of Saul A. Kripke, Semantical Analysis of Modal Logic I. Normal Modal Propositional Calculi (1963a)”, Journal of Symbolic logic, 31(1): 120–122. doi:10.2307/2270649 (Scholar)
• –––, 1986, “Opacity”, in The Philosophy of W.V. Quine (The Library of Living Philosophers: Volume 18), Lewis Edwin Hahn and Paul Arthur Schlipp (eds.), La Salle: Open Court, pp. 229–289. (Scholar)
• Lindström, Sten, 1996, “Modality Without Worlds: Kanger’s Early Semantics for Modal Logic”, in Odds and Ends. Philosophical Essays Dedicated to Wlodek Rabinowicz on the Occasion of his Fiftieth Birthday, S. Lindström, R. Sliwinski, and J. Österberg (eds.), Uppsala, Sweden, pp. 266–284. (Scholar)
• –––, 1998, “An Exposition and Development of Kanger’s Early Semantics for Modal Logic”, in The New Theory of Reference: Kripke, Marcus, and its Origins, P.W. Humphreys, and J.H. Fetzer (eds.), Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 203–233. (Scholar)
• –––, 2001, “Quine’s Interpretation Problem and the Early Development of Possible Worlds Semantics”, Uppsala Philosophical Studies, 50: 187–213. (Scholar)
• Lindström, Sten and Krister Segerberg, 2007, “Modal Logic and Philosophy”, in Blackburn, van Benthem, and Wolter 2007b: chapter 1. (Scholar)
• Linsky, Bernard and Edward N. Zalta, 1994, “in Defense of the Simplest Quantified Modal Logic”, Philosophical Perspectives, 8: 431–458. (Scholar)
• Linsky, Leonard (ed.), 1971, Reference and Modality, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• Löb, M.H., 1966, “Extensional Interpretations of Modal Logic”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 31(1): 23–45. doi:10.2307/2270618 (Scholar)
• Rahman, Shahid and Juan Redmond, 2007, Hugh MacColl: An Overview of his Logical Work with Anthology, London: College Publications. (Scholar)
• Rescher, Nicholas, 1974, Studies in Modality, Oxford: Basil Blackwell. (Scholar)
• Zakharyaschev, Michael, Krister Segerberg, Maarten de Rijke, and Heinrich Wansing, 2001, “The Origins of Modern Modal Logic”, in Advances in Modal Logic 2, M. Zakharyaschev, K. Segerberg, M. de Rijke, and H. Wansing (eds.), Stanford: CSLI Publications, pp. 11–38. (Scholar)