THE FINEST ROOM IN THE COLONY The Library of John Thomas Mullock EDITED BY ÁGNES JUHÁSZ-ORMSBY AND NANCY EARLE JU H Á SZ -O R M SB Y & E A R L E T H E FIN E ST R O O M IN T H E CO LO N Y0146957808899 ISBN 9780889014695 THE FINEST ROOM IN THE COLONY The Library of John Thomas Mullock Photography: Chris Hammond Design: Graham Blair Copy editor: Iona Bulgin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication "The finest room in the colony" : the library of John Thomas Mullock / editors: Ágnes Juhász-Ormsby, Nancy Earle. ISBN 978-0-88901-469-5 (paperback) 1. Mullock, John Thomas, 1807-1869--Books and reading--Catalogs. 2. Basilica-Cathedral of St. John the Baptist (St. John's, N.L.)--Library-Catalogs. I. Juhász-Ormsby, Ágnes, editor II. Earle, Nancy, editor III. Memorial University of Newfoundland. Libraries, issuing body BX4705.M84F55 2016 270.092 C2016-901087-2 Preface vii Contributors ix PART I: INTRODUCTION The Life of John T. Mullock (Nancy Earle) 1 Mullock as Author and Translator (Nancy Earle and Anne Walsh) 15 Mullock and the Episcopal Library (Larry Dohey) 21 The Mullock Collection (Ágnes Juhász-Ormsby) 27 PART II: ENTRIES philosophy and related disciplines 1. Pascal and Port-Royal (Joël Madore) 40 2. Writers of the Enlightenment (Joël Madore) 42 3. The French Revolution (Joël Madore) 46 4. Reaction to the French Revolution (Joël Madore) 48 5. Niccolò Machiavelli and His Critics (Dimitrios Panagos) 50 6. Hugo Grotius and the Beginning of International Law (Lucian M. Ashworth) 52 7. Alexander von Humboldt's Cosmos and Natural Philosophy (Jay Foster) 54 religion 8. Bernard Picart and the Religions of the World (Andrea Procter) 56 9. Johannes Buxtorf and Christian Hebraism (Kim Ian Parker) 58 bible 10. Mullock's Bibles (Kim Ian Parker) 60 11. Desiderius Erasmus's Biblical Commentaries (Ágnes Juhász-Ormsby) 62 theology 12. The Church Fathers: Augustine (Seamus O'Neill) 66 13. The Bollandist Enterprise (William Schipper) 68 14. A Complete Course in Theology: Jacques-Paul Migne (William Schipper) 70 15. Mullock and Alphonsus de Ligouri (Anne Walsh) 72 16. Mullock and Protestantism (Anne Walsh) 74 Contents church history 17. James Ware and the History of the Church in Ireland (J. B. Darcy) 76 18. John England and the Irish American Church (J. B. Darcy) 78 19. Nicholas Wiseman and the English Catholic Church (J. B. Darcy) 80 20. Mullock and John Henry Newman (Hans J. Rollmann) 82 language 21. Greek-Latin Dictionaries (Luke Roman) 86 22. Hebrew Research Tools (Kim Ian Parker) 88 literature 23. Greek Classics: Homer's Works (Luke Roman) 90 24. Latin Classics: Horace and Persius (Donald W. Nichol) 92 25. Erasmus and Classical Studies (Ágnes Juhász-Ormsby) 96 26. The Spanish Golden Age: Cervantes and Quevedo (Messod Salama) 98 27. Spanish and Italian Drama (Anne G. Graham) 100 28. The Plays of William Shakespeare (Donald W. Nichol) 102 29. French Neo-classical Drama (Anne G. Graham) 104 30. Eighteenth-Century English Poetry (Donald W. Nichol) 106 31. Eighteenth-Century French Literary Criticism (Magessa O'Reilly) 108 history and geography 32. Pierre Bayle's Dictionaire historique et critique (Magessa O'Reilly) 110 33. Eighteenth-Century British Historians (Donald W. Nichol) 112 34. George Bancroft and the Rise of American Historiography (Jeff A. Webb) 116 35. Mullock and Irish Politics: William Smith O'Brien (John E. FitzGerald) 118 36. Nicolle de La Croix's Géographie moderne (Magessa O'Reilly) 120 newfoundland 37. The Fleming-Mullock Breviary (Anne Walsh) 122 38. The 1861 Political Unrest (Jeff A. Webb) 126 39. Mullock and Alexander Bannerman (Jeff A. Webb) 128 40. Mullock and Confederation (Jeff A. Webb) 130 41. Mullock and the Transatlantic Cable (Jeff A. Webb) 132 Index 134 The Mullock collection contains three works by Augustine (354–430 c.e.), one of the great doctors of the church, whose enormous inf luence on the history of Western theology cannot be overestimated. "What is more august than Augustine?" asks the editor in the preface to volume 1 of a 1647 Latin collection of Augustine's "anti-Pelagian" works (Opvscvla insigniora adversvs Pelagianos et eorvm reliqvias) in the collection. This volume, the first of three, contains several of Augustine's anti-Pelagian writings, which address the Pelagian controversy over theological positions concerning the meanings of human freedom and divine grace, the transmission of sins, and the function of infant baptism, among others. Only the first volume is in the collection. While one might expect to find Augustine represented in the library of a Catholic bishop or anyone interested in Western theology and philosophy, this volume in particular might have found its way there as a result of Mullock's translation of Ligouri's The History of Heresies, of which Mullock wrote, "there is no Heresy which cannot be refuted from it" (vii). The fifth chapter of the The History of Heresies contains an article devoted to the "Heresy of Pelagius," which, appropriately, given his prominent role during the controversy, abounds with references to Augustine. Mullock's inscription appears on the title page among those of the book's previous owners, indicating that he obtained this volume of Augustine's works in 1844, three years before the publication of 12 The Church Fathers: Augustine Augustine, Opvscvla insigniora adversvs Pelagianos et eorvm reliqvias, vol. 1 (Louvain: Bernard Masius, 1647). 166 x 215 mm Illustrations: title page (opposite above), spine (below) Augustine, Divi Aurelii Augustini Hipponensis episcopi Meditationes (Venice: Nicolaus Pezzana, 1731). 62 x 123 mm Illustration: title page (opposite below) Augustine, St. Augustine's Confessions: or, Praises of God in Ten Books (Dublin: Richard Cross, 1770). 90 x 135 mm his translation of Ligouri's The History of Heresies. In the collection, as one might expect, is an edition of Augustine's Confessions, which, along with his De Trinitate and De civitate Dei, comprise the Doctor of Grace's major and most famous works. An instant classic since the time of its completion in 401 c.e., the Confessions has ever since enjoyed a widespread and enthusiastic readership. In short, it is a masterpiece of theology, philosophy, and literature, in addition to being one of the earliest examples in Western literature of autobiography and deep, personal, psychological ref lection. This 1770 edition, 6 6 | THEOLOGY translated into English from Latin, contains only the first ten, and more explicitly autobiographical, of the thirteen books of the text. The eleventh, on time and eternity, and the books on creation and the author's interpretation of the beginning of Genesis are omitted; the anonymous translator's preface provides the reason: "Because the Contents of them are for the most Part so hard and obscure, that they would be of small Edification to those for whose Benefit this Translation is chief ly designed" (A2v). It is not known when Mullock acquired this work. No further information can be gleaned from the book's inscription, which contains only the name of its owner: Fr. J. T. Mullock. OSF. Finally, the collection also contains a little volume entited Meditationes, soliloquia et manuale (Meditations, soliloquies, and manual), containing, in addition to the Augustinian writings, meditative selections of Saints Anselm and Bernard of Clairvaux. The "Augustianian" works contained within the volume, however, were not written by Augustine at all, but were composed and circulated under the aegis of his name. Despite the pseudonymous authorship, the work nevertheless mimics Augustine's style and thought in meticulous detail-an impressive accomplishment in its own right. The apocryphal texts, collected together as Augustine's Meditationes, were widely popular and saw many printings in Latin and various vernacular languages since the mid-sixteenth century. The volume contains short devotions and meditations organized around themes, wherein the meditator speaks to himself or herself and to God in the manner of a soliloquy (a term coined by Augustine), which one observes perfected and mastered in Augustine's Confessions. Befitting its purpose, the book itself is small and meant to be carried on one's person. According to the inscription, Mullock obtained the book in Dublin in 1845, during his tenure as guardian of the Franciscan convent of Adam and Eve, before being sent to St. John's, Newfoundland. Seamus O'Neill a Allan D. Fitzgerald, Augustine through the Ages (Grand Rapids, MI, 1999). Julia D. Staykova, "Pseudo-Augustine and Religious Controversy in Early Modern England," in Augustine beyond the Book: Intermediality, Transmediality and Reception, ed. Karla Pollman and Meredith J. Gill (Leiden, 2012). E N T R I E S : T H E O L O G Y | 6