PB September 2010 Reviews 57 sources	for	fifty-four	countries,	are	reported	and commented	upon.	Using	Principal	Component	Analysis	(pca),	weights	are	derived	from	the	data.	Estimates	of	W	are	comparable	to	hdi.	Proxy	variables chosen	by	the	author	are	also	consistent	with	postulates	other	than	Vedantic. The	issues	discussed	by	Chatterjee	do	add	an	important	dimension	to	our	thinking	on	quantification of	human	development,	particularly	through	its	proposed	measure	of	inner	development.	Overall,	the monograph	is	interesting,	educative,	and	challenging for	the	specialists	and	enlightening	for	citizens.	It opens	up	an	alternative	line	of	reasoning. Dr D P Chaudhri Former	Professor	of	Economics and	Adjunct	Senior	Fellow Monash	University,	Melbourne Jīvanmukti Viveka of Vidyāraṇya trans. Swami harshananda and dr h ramachandra Swamy Ramakrishna	Math,	Mylapore,	Chennai 600	004.	Website:	www.chennaimath .org.	2009.	x	+	382	pp.	Rs	90. Swami	Vidyaranya	is	a	master	compiler	of	auxiliary	texts	of	Hinduism.	A	co-founder	of	the	Vijayanagara	Empire,	he	devoted	his	life	to	collating	established	concepts	of	Hinduism	in	general	and	Advaita Vedanta in particular. His seminal work Panchadashi	is	a	compendium	on	the	various	disciplines of	Advaita.	Under	the	monastic	name	of	Madhavacharya,	he	also	wrote	Sarvadarshana Sangraha,	a	treatise	on	various	schools	of	philosophy.	After	taking the	vows	of	renunciation	he	wrote	the	present	work Jivanmukti Viveka,	a	compilation, which	shows	the path	to	Self-realization	and	consequent	attainment of	the	state	of	jivanmukta,	liberated-in-life. The	present	book	is	an	English	rendition	of	Swami Harshananda's	Kannada	translation	of the	Jivanmukti Viveka.	A	senior	monk	of	the	Ramakrishna Order	and	a	scholar	and	author	of	repute,	Swami Harshananda	is	currently	the	Adhyaksha	of	Ramakrishna	Math,	Bengaluru.	The	English	translation	is by	Dr	H	Ramachandra	Swamy,	a	philosopher	in	his own	right. The	work	is	divided	into	five	sections.	The	author's emphasis	on	renunciation	is	evident	in	the	work	beginning	with	a	classification	of	monks.	Each	category of	monks	is	explained	with	references	from	the	Upanishads	and	the	Smritis.	The	nature	of	jivanmukti and	the	characteristics	of	a	jivanmukta are	detailed. In	keeping	with	the	traditional	method	of	Indian philosophy,	the	author	raises	possible	objections	and gives	appropriate	clarifications.	Succinct	definitions of	terms	like	viveka, vairagya, and	moksha	appear throughout	the	work.	The	work	draws	heavily	from such	texts	as	the	Yoga-vashishtha Ramayana	and	the Mahabharata.	Characteristics	of	persons	with	some accomplishment	in	spiritual	life-the	videhamukta, the	sthitaprajna,	a	devotee,	one	who	has	transcended all	the	three	gunas,	a	brahmana,	one	who	has	gone beyond	the	four	stations	of	life-are	explained. The	second	section	deals	with	methods	to	annihilate	vasanas,	desires.	Though	an	avowed	Advaitin, the	author	unhesitatingly	quotes	from	the	Yoga Sutra. Various	disciplines	for	control	of	body	and	mind	are prescribed.	The	text	strongly	condemns	worldly	life and	recommends	renunciation	as	an	essential	condition	for	spiritual	life.	Impure	desires	and	attachment have	been	severely	criticized.	The	third	section	deals with	the	dissolution	of	mind,	leading	to	jivanmukti. Here,	a	forced	control	of	the	senses	is	condemned	in favour	of	gradual	restraint	of	desires.	Importance	of proper	practice	of	pranayama	and	sitting	in	the	correct	posture	is	emphasized.	Moderation	in	habits	and subjugation	of	pride	are	recommended.	Different types	of	breath	control	are	discussed.	Restraint	of speech	and	right	conduct	are	elaborated	upon.	The fourth	section	tells	us	who	a	jivanmukta	is	and	the need	to	attain	that	state.	The	final	section	is	about vidvat sannyasa,	a	state	inferior	to	jivanmukti. Though	Jivanmukti Viveka	is	a	compilation,	the coherent	collection	makes	it	an	auxiliary	text	nonpareil.	This	work	will	definitely	intensify	the	spirit	of renunciation	in	those	who	have	already	taken	to	spiritual	life	and	will	inspire	the	uninitiated	to	plunge into	spiritual	practices.	This	new	edition	is	a	useful guide	for	spiritual	aspirants	and	a	ready	reference	for students	of	Indian	philosophy. Swami Narasimhananda Advaita	Ashrama,	Kolkata Book REcEIVEd Foundations of Dharma Pujya Sri Paramananda bharati Jnanasamvardhani	Pratishthanam,	302, 3rd Floor, 33 M V Seetaramiah Road, Gavipuram,	Bengaluru	560	019.	2008. 131	pp.	Rs	60.