Uni ver zi tet u Be o gra du, Fa kul tet po li tič kih na u ka, Be o grad DOI 10.5937/kultura1234388K UDK 141.4 2:5 26:27 originalan naučni rad KRI TIČ KI OSVRT NA RAZ LI KO VA NJE ZNA NJA I VE RE Sa-že-tak:-Na do ve zu ju ći se na po le mi ku iz me đu Mi ha i la Mar ko vi ća i Alek san dra Pr nja ta, autor do vo di u pi ta nje uobi ča je no raz li ko va nje zna nja i ve re. Kao ar gu ment da se re li gi ja ne svo di na ve ru, on na vo- di fe no men mi stič kog sa zna nja. Iako je na dum no sa zna nje ve o ma te- ško do sti žno, jer pod ra zu me va pre vla da va nje ega, nje go va mo guć nost opo vr ga va su ža va nje zna nja na ra zum sku sfe ru. Ključ-ne-re-či:-ve ra, zna nje, mi sti ka, isti na, ego Po-vod-za-ovaj-kri-tič-ki-osvrt-na-uobi-ča-je-no-raz-li-ko-va-nje-poj-mo-va- zna-nja-i-ve-re-je-po-le-mič-ki-tekst-Alek-san-dra-Pr-nja-ta,-ob-ja-vljen-u- ča-so-pi-su-Fi lo zo fi ja i dru štvo,-br.-3/2009.-Na-str.-249,-Pr-njat,-kao- ilu-stra-ci-ju-za-svo-ju-te-zu-da-je-ne-pri-me-re-no-iz-ri-ca-ti-ka-te-go-rič-ke- tvrd-nje-ta-mo-gde-bi-ume-sni-je-bi-lo-iz-ne-ti-ogra-du-da-se-ra-di-sa-mo- o-ve-ro-va-nju,-na-vo-di-moj-tekst-Me si jan ska ide ja u no vo ve kov nom ju da i zmu,-ob-ja-vljen-u-ča-so-pi-su-Fi lo zo fi ja i dru štvo,-br.-1/2009.- Pr-njat-naj-pre-pri-me-ću-je-da-je-autor-„svo-je-ve-ro-va-nje-da-je-Isus- Na-za-re-ća-nin-pra-vi-Me-si-ja-iz-neo-kao-da-je-reč-o-zna-nju",-a-za-tim- do-da-je-da-se-uz-to-autor-„ni-je-li-bio-ni-iz-ri-ca-nja-sta-vo-va-iz-ar-se-na- la-ta-ko-zva-nog-hri-šćan-skog-an-ti-se-mi-ti-zma"1,-ko-ji-bi-se-ina-če,-po- Ha-ni-Arent-(Han-nah-Arendt),-mo-gli-oka-rak-te-ri-sa-ti-kao-is-po-lja- va-nje-sta-re-ver-ske-mr-žnje-pre-ma-Je-vre-ji-ma.-Tekst-o-Je-vre-ji-ma,- ko-ji- Pr-njat- ci-ti-ra,- gla-si:- „Upr-kos- broj-nim- pro-roč-kim- na-zna-ka- ma,-ogra-ni-čiv-ši-se-na-usko,-na-ci-o-na-li-stič-ko-po-li-tič-ko-shva-ta-nje- 1- Pr-njat-A.,-O-je-zič-ko-eks-pre-siv-nom-pa-ter-na-li-zmu:-re-pli-ka-Mi-ha-i-lu-Mar-ko-vi-ću,- Fi lo zo fi ja i dru štvo-br.-3,-Be-o-grad-2009,-str.-249.- ZORAN KINĐIĆ 389 ZORAN KINĐIĆ Mesije,-spu-ta-ni-le-ga-li-stič-kim-ra-bin-skim-du-hom,-ni-su-bi-li-pri-jem- či-vi- za-Hri-sto-vu- uni-ver-zal-nu-mi-si-ju- spa-se-nja.-Ne- samo- što- su- ra-za-pe-li-Hri-sta,-ne-go-je-i-ve-ći-na-je-vrej-skog-na-ro-da,-upr-kos-Du- hom-Svetim-na-dah-nu-tom-de-lat-no-šću-apo-sto-la,-osta-la-tvr-do-kor- na-u-od-bi-ja-nju-po-ka-ja-nja-i-pri-zna-va-nja-Isu-sa-za-Me-si-ju,-tj.-Hri- sta.-(...)-Ne-pri-hva-tiv-ši-pra-vog-Me-si-ju,-Je-vre-ji-ni-su-od-u-sta-li-od- me-si-jan-ske-ide-je"2. Pre- ne-go- što- se- usred-sre-di-mo- na- raz-li-ku- iz-me-đu- zna-nja- i- ve- re,-pre-i-spi-taj-mo-da- li- tvrd-nja-da-ve-ći-na- Je-vre-ja-ni-je-pre-po-zna- la- pra-vog- Me-si-ju- i- da- sto-ga- još- uvek- oče-ku-je- do-la-zak- svog- Me-si-je- pod-ra-zu-me-va- an-ti-se-mi-ti-zam.- Ako- je- ta- tvrd-nja- an-ti- se-mit-ska,- to- bi- zna-či-lo- da- je- hri-šćan-stvo- kao- ta-kvo- an-ti-se-mit- sko,- jer- ono- po-či-va- upra-vo- na- uve-re-nju- da- je- Isus- Na-za-re-ća- nin- Me-si-ja,- tj.- Hri-stos.- Onaj- ko- bi,- za-rad- ver-ske- to-le-ran-ci- je,- po-li-tič-ke- ko-rekt-no-sti- i- slič-no,- od-u-stao- od- ta-kve- tvrd-nje,- pre-stao-bi-da-bu-de-hri-šća-nin. Upr-kos- to-me- što- je- to-kom- isto-ri-je- bi-lo- ne- sa-mo- is-po-lja-va-nja- ver-ske-mr-žnje-pre-ma- Je-vre-ji-ma-ne-go- i- po-gro-ma,- ipak-bi-kraj- nje-jed-no-stra-no-bi-lo-re-ći-da-je-hri-šćan-stvo-an-ti-se-mit-sko.-Na-i-me,- sam-Isus-je-je-vrej-skog-po-re-kla,-baš-kao-i-nje-go-va-maj-ka,-naj-bli-ži- uče-ni-ci-i-čla-no-vi-pr-vih-hri-šćan-skih-za-jed-ni-ca.-Kao-što-je-po-zna- to,-hri-šćan-stvo-je-u-svo-je-sve-te-spi-se-uklju-či-lo-i-sta-ro-za-vet-ne;-po- hri-šćan-skom-uče-nju-pri-kra-ju-vre-me-na-deo-je-vrej-skog-na-ro-da-će- uvi-de-ti-gre-šku-i-pri-zna-ti-Isu-sa-za-Me-si-ju-(Rimlj.-11).-Bu-du-ći-da- je-po-hri-šćan-stvu-Bog-lju-bav,-da-ono-uči-da-tre-ba-vo-le-ti-či-ta-vu- tvo-re-vi-nu,-pa-sa-mim-tim-i-svo-je-ne-pri-ja-te-lje,-ose-ća-nje-mr-žnje-bi- bi-lo-te-ško-pri-pi-sa-ti-du-hov-no-uz-na-pre-do-va-lim-hri-šća-ni-ma.-Pre-bi- se-mo-glo-re-ći-da-je-stav-od-bi-ja-nja-ka-rak-te-ri-sti-čan-za-ju-da-i-zam.- Za-raz-li-ku-od-hri-šćan-stva,-ko-je-se-be-do-ži-vlja-va-kao-na-do-ve-zi-va- nje-na-sta-ro-za-vet-nu-tra-di-ci-ju,- ju-da-i-zam-od-ba-cu-je-Isu-sa,- tvr-de-ći- da-se-ne-ra-di-o-Me-si-ji-već-o-va-ra-li-ci,-je-re-ti-ku-i-sl.-Ta-kva-tvrd-nja- sva-ka-ko-je-uvre-dlji-va-za-hri-šća-ne,-u-naj-ma-nju-ru-ku-kao-i-ona-o- Je-vre-ji-ma-kao-„Bo-go-u-bi-ca-ma". No-vra-ti-mo-se-na-raz-li-ku-iz-me-đu-zna-nja-i-ve-re.-Pr-njat,-na-rav-no,- ne-tvr-di-da-je-hri-šćan-sko-uče-nje-po-gre-šno-ni-ti-da-Isus-ni-je-Hri- stos,-već-u-du-hu-pro-sve-ti-telj-stva-za-stu-pa-uobi-ča-je-nu-te-zu-da-mi- to-ne-mo-že-mo-zna-ti,-bu-du-ći-da-se-ov-de-ra-di-o-pu-kom-ve-ro-va-nju,- a-ne-o-zna-nju.-Po-ovom-uve-re-nju,-re-li-gi-ja-je-za-pra-vo-stvar-ve-re-i- ne-mo-že,-kao-ni-me-ta-fi-zi-ka,-pre-ten-do-va-ti-na-isti-nu.-Dok-ri-gid-ni-ji- za-stup-ni-ci-pro-sve-ti-telj-skog-uve-re-nja,-u-ko-je-Pr-njat- sva-ka-ko-ne- spa-da,-kat-kad-čak-svo-de-re-li-gi-ju-na-ni-vo-su-je-ver-ja,-oni-ume-re- ni-ji-sma-tra-ju-da-je-zna-nje-ve-za-no-za-(na-uč-no-pro-ver-lji-ve)-či-nje- ni-ce,-a- re-li-gi-ju-kao-pu-ko-su-bjek-tiv-no-mne-nje-sme-šta-ju-u-sfe-ru- 2- Kin-đić-Z.,-Me-si-jan-ska-ide-ja-u-no-vo-ve-kov-nom-ju-da-i-zmu,-Fi lo zo fi ja i dru štvo br.-1,-Be-o-grad-2009,-str.-50-51. 390 ZORAN KINĐIĆ pri-vat-nosti.-Ne-gu-ju-ći- re-la-ti-vi-stič-ko- shva-ta-nje- isti-ne,- za-stup-ni-ci- pro-sve-ti-telj-ske- ide-je- sma-tra-ju-da-se-na- taj-na-čin-one-mo-gu-ća-va- ver-ska-is-klju-či-vost,-a-po-go-to-vo-fa-na-ti-zam.-Sva-ko-ima-pra-vo-da- ve-ru-je-u-šta-že-li,-ali-svo-je-uve-re-nje-(bu-du-ći-da-ni-je-objek-tiv-na- isti-na)-ne-sme-da-na-me-će-dru-gi-ma. Na- pr-vi- po-gled,- za- sve- one- ko-ji- su- vas-pi-ta-ni- u- pro-sve-ti-telj- skom- du-hu,-mo-že- se- uči-ni-ti- da- je- stvar- sa-svim- ja-sna:- re-li-gi-ja- ni-ka-ko-ne-sme-pre-ten-do-va-ti-na-zna-nje,-već-je-di-no-na-ve-ru,-ko- ja- pred-sta-vlja- ne-ka-kvu- vr-stu- mne-nja.- Sa-mim- tim,- za- obra-zo- va-nu- oso-bu,- a- po-go-to-vo- onu- ko-ja- se- ba-vi- fi-lo-zo-fi-jom,- sa-svim- bi- ne-pri-me-re-no-bi-lo- da- tvr-di- da- je- Isus-bio-Hri-stos.- I- za-i-sta- u- na-šim- in-te-lek-tu-al-nim- kru-go-vi-ma- ta-kvi- is-ka-zi- zvu-če- ne- sa- mo-kraj-nje-dog-mat-ski-ne-go- i- ne-pri-stoj-no.-Ni-ko-do-du-še-ne- za- bra-nju-je- da- se- ve-ru-je- u- bi-lo- šta,- pa- i- u- Isu-sa-Hri-sta,- ali- da- se- to- jav-no- iz-no-si,-pre-ten-du-ju-ći-pritom-da-se-ra-di-o- isti-ni,-e- to- je- već- pre-vi-še,- jer- se- ti-me- na-vod-no- iz-da-je- pro-fe-si-ja.- Po- stan-dar- di-ma- do-mi-nant-nog- mi-šlje-nja,- ta-kva- oso-ba- se- sa- vi-si-na- ne-pri- stra-snog,-kri-tič-kog-mi-šlje-nja-sur-va-va-u-dog-mat-ski-bez-dan- te-o- lo-gi-je.-Ume-sto- da- bu-de- sa-mo-sta-lan,- kri-tič-ki-mi-sli-lac,- ko-ji- sve- pod-vr-ga-va- ne-pri-stra-snoj- in-stan-ci- uma,- ona- po-sta-je- za-sle-plje-ni- sled-be-nik-ne-ka-kvog-dog-mat-skog-uče-nja.3 Ali-da-li-je-to-ipak-za-i-sta-ta-ko?-Da-li-se-mo-žda-i-u-sfe-ri-re-li-gi-je- mo-že- go-vo-ri-ti- o- zna-nju?-Ako- je- su-di-ti- po- is-ka-zi-ma- sve-ti-te-lja,- mo-že.-Pod-se-ti-mo-na-raz-go-vor-ko-ji-je-sv.-Ni-ko-laj-Srp-ski-vo-dio-u- lo-go-ru-u-Da-ha-uu-sa-mla-dim-ne-mač-kim-ofi-ci-rom:- „Da-li-Vi-za-i-sta-ve-ru-je-te-u-Bo-ga?" Ne,-re-koh-ja. "Sre-ćan-sam-što-vi-dim-kul-tur-na-čo-ve-ka",-ob-ra-do- va-se-on,-pa-na-sta-vi:-"Kad-sam-bio-de-čak,-ja-sam- ve-ro-vao,- jer- su-me- ta-ko- uči-li,- ali- sa-da- uop-šte- ne- ve-ru-jem." Ja-mu-re-koh: "Moj-slu-čaj-je-dru-ga-či-ji-od-Va-šeg.-Kad-sam-bio-de- čak,-ja-sam-ve-ro-vao,-ali-sa-da-ne-mo-ram-vi-še-da-ve- ru-jem,-jer-znam-da-Bog-po-sto-ji.-Kroz-is-ku-stvo-mo-ja- je-ve-ra-po-sta-la-zna-nje.-Sa-da-znam-da-Bog-po-sto-ji."4 3- Iako-je-na-na-šoj,-pa-i-evrop-skoj-in-te-lek-tu-al-noj-sce-ni-naj-po-želj-ni-ja-ag-no-stič- ka-po-zi-ci-ja,-va-lja-lo-bi-pod-se-ti-ti-one-in-te-lek-tu-al-ce-ko-ji-do-du-še-ve-ru-ju-u-Isu-sa- Hri-sta,-ali-se-sti-de-i-us-te-žu-da-to-is-ka-žu,-jer-bi-se-ti-me-ogre-ši-li-o-vla-da-ju-će-in- te-lek-tu-al-ne-stan-dar-de-i-iz-lo-ži-li-pod-sme-hu,-ču-ve-nih-Hri-sto-vih-re-či:-„Jer-ko-se- po-sti-di-me-ne-i-mo-jih-re-či-nje-ga-će-se-Sin-Čo-ve-či-ji-po-sti-de-ti-ka-da-do-đe-u-sla-vi- svo-joj-i-Oče-voj-i-sve-tih-an-đe-la"-(Lk.-9,-26). 4- Sve-ti-Ni-ko-laj-Ohrid-ski-i-Žič-ki,-Kroz tam nič ki pro zor,-Zre-nja-nin-2004,-str.-8-9.- 391 ZORAN KINĐIĆ Za-sva-kog-ko-se-dr-ži-is-klju-či-vo-pri-rod-nog-sve-tla-ljud-skog-ra-zu- ma-na-me-će-se-pi-ta-nje-ot-kud-pra-vo-za-to-če-nom-epi-sko-pu-na-ta-kav- od-go-vor-kad-je,-kao-što-je-Kant-po-ka-zao,-po-sto-ja-nje-Bo-ga-ne-do- stup-no-ljud-skom-umu.-Zar-ne-bi-bi-lo-pri-me-re-ni-je-da-je-na-pro-sto- re-kao-da-ve-ru-je,-a-ne-da-pre-ten-du-je-na-zna-nje? Kao- oprav-da-nje- za- ta-kav- od-go-vor- sv.-Ni-ko-la-ja- Srp-skog,- re-ci- mo-da-zna-nje-ni-je-ogra-ni-če-no-na-ra-zum-sku-sfe-ru,-već-da-je-mo- gu-će-i-tzv.-na-dum-no-sa-zna-nje,-ono-ko-je-se-sti-če-mi-stič-kim-uvi- dom.-Iako-je-za-ve-ći-nu-nas-ta-kav-uvid-ne-do-sti-žan,-bu-du-ći-da-on- pod-ra-zu-me-va-pret-hod-no-oči-šće-nje-sr-ca-i-sa-go-re-va-nje-ega-–-što- je-ve-o-ma- te-žak- i-ne-iz-ve-stan-po-du-hvat,- ipak-ne-ma-mo-pra-vo-da- po-ri-če-mo-nje-go-vu-mo-guć-nost. Što-se-ti-če-hri-šćan-skog-uče-nja,-ono-ni-je-pu-ka-go-mi-la-oka-me-nje- nih-dog-mi-ko-je-ver-ni-ci-mo-ra-ju-ne-kri-tič-ki-usvo-ji-ti,-već-mo-že-bi-ti- pred-met-lič-ne,-opit-ne-pro-ve-re.-Ve-li-ki-cr-kve-ni-oci,-ne-sa-mo-dav-no- pro-šlih-vre-me-na-ne-go-i-sa-vre-me-ni,-lič-no-su-se-uve-ri-li-u-isti-ni-tost- hri-šćan-skog-uče-nja.-Ta-ko-sta-rac-Si-luan-tvr-di-da,-ka-da-bi-ko-jim- slu-ča-jem-ne-sta-li-i-Bi bli ja-i-sve-to-o-tač-ki-spi-si,-hri-šćan-sko-uče-nje-bi,- za-hva-lju-ju-ći- lič-nom-mi-stič-kom-uvi-du-sa-vre-me-nih-ota-ca,-po-no- vo-bi-lo-us-po-sta-vlje-no.-Re-či-bi,-do-du-še,-ne-iz-be-žno-bi-le-raz-li-či-te,- ali-smi-sao-bi-ostao-isti. Na-osno-vu-re-če-nog,-sle-di-da-zna-nja-ima-i-u-re-li-gi-ji.-Ve-ra-je-na-i-me- ni-ži-ni-vo-pri-stu-pa-Bo-gu,-ka-rak-te-ri-sti-čan-za-ve-ći-nu-lju-di.-Zna-nje- je-po-sed-iz-ra-zi-te-ma-nji-ne,-onih-ko-ji-su-ima-li-lič-no-is-ku-stvo-mi- stič-nog-su-sre-ta- sa-Bo-gom.-Kao-što-ka-že- sta-rac-Si-luan,-„Jed-no- je-ve-ro-va-ti-u-Bo-ga,-a-dru-go-je-zna-ti-Bo-ga"5.-Pri-tom-va-lja-is-ta-ći- da-se-ne-ra-di-o-zna-nju-ko-je-je-na-pro-sto-ste-če-no-i-iz-bo-re-no,-već-o- ne-če-mu-što-je-oso-bi-ko-ja-je-sa-go-re-la-ego,-u-ko-joj-ne-ma-gor-do- sti,-od-Bo-ga-da-ro-va-no.-Pu-kim-tru-dom,-li-še-nim-Bož-je-bla-go-de-ti,- du-hov-ni-tra-ga-lac-će-ve-ro-vat-no-ume-sto-da-do-spe-do-isti-ne-za-ba- sa-ti-u-pre-lest,-du-hov-nu-ob-ma-nu.-U-svim-du-hov-nim-tra-di-ci-ja-ma- uka-zu-je-se-na-opa-snost-da-oso-ba-ko-ja-ni-je-sa-go-re-la-ego-do-spe-na- stran-pu-ti-cu-i-uobra-zi-da-je-u-po-se-du-isti-ne.6 Za-pro-sve-će-nog-čo-ve-ka,-ko-ji-ni-je-oba-sjan-nat-pri-rod-nom-sve-tlo- šću,-na-me-će-se-pi-ta-nje-za-što-bi-smo-uop-šte-ve-ro-va-li-u-isti-ni-tost- tzv.-mi-stič-kih-uvi-da-ka-da-se-sa-mi-ni-smo-u-to-uve-ri-li.-Mo-žda-se- ipak-ra-di-o-pu-koj-za-blu-di,-fan-ta-zi-ji,-ha-lu-ci-na-ci-ji?-Uosta-lom,-na- 5- Ar-hi-man-drit-So-fro-ni-je,-Sta rac Si luan,-Ma-na-stir-Hi-lan-dar-1998,-str.-91. 6- Kao-kri-te-ri-jum-da-li-je-ne-sva-ki-da-šnji-us-hi-ću-ju-ći-do-ži-vljaj-za-i-sta-bio-istin-sko- du-hov-no-vi-đe-nje-ili-pu-ka-ma-šta-ri-ja,-sta-rac-Si-luan-na-vo-di-sta-nje-čo-ve-ka-po-po- vrat-ku-iz-nje-ga-u-tzv.-nor-mal-no-sta-nje.-„Ako-se-po-po-vrat-ku-kao-plod-vi-đe-nja- po-ja-vi-gor-dost-i-rav-no-du-šnost-pre-ma-sud-bi-ni-sve-ta-i-čo-ve-ka,-ne-ma-sum-nje-da- je-ono-bi-lo-la-žno".-Da-kle-ako-se-„po-sle-ova-kvog-du-hov-nog-sta-nja,-do-ži-vlje- nog-kao-bo-go-vi-đe-nje-i-bo-go-op-šte-nje,-ne-ose-ća-lju-bav-pre-ma-ne-pri-ja-te-lji-ma-i,- sled-stve-no,-pre-ma-či-ta-voj-tvo-re-vi-ni,-oči-gled-no-je-da-vi-đe-nje-ni-je-bi-lo-pra-vo,- tj.-ni-je-bi-lo-u-isti-ni-tom-Bo-gu"-(Ibid.,-str.-114).- 392 ZORAN KINĐIĆ mo-guć-nost-pre-le-sti- upo-zo-ra-va- se- i- unu-tar- sa-me- re-li-gi-je.-Ume- sto- ri-zi-ka- po-je-di-nač-ne,- su-bjek-tiv-ne,- ne-pro-ver-lji-ve- pa-ra-i-sti-ne,- zar- ni-je- oprav-da-ni-je- dr-ža-ti- se- „de-mo-krat-ske",- objek-tiv-no- pro- ver-lji-ve- isti-ne?- Uosta-lom,- i- re-li-gi-je,- ko-je- pre-ten-du-ju- na- na- dum-ne- uvi-de- i- po-se-do-va-nje- tzv.- ot-kri-ve-ne- isti-ne,- če-sto- tvr-de- sa-svim- raz-li-či-te- stva-ri.- Za-što- bi-smo- da-va-li- jed-noj- pred-nost- u- od-no-su-na-dru-gu? Uz- to,- mo-glo- bi- se- pri-go-vo-ri-ti- i- sle-de-će:- re-ci-mo- da- ima- ret- kih- po-je-di-na-ca- ko-ji- po-se-du-ju- zna-nje- ste-če-no- lič-nim,- opit-nim- is-ku-stvom.- Nji-ma- bi- se- mo-žda- mo-glo- pri-zna-ti- pra-vo- da- iz-ri- ču-tvrd-nje-kao-da-se-ra-di-o-zna-nju,-ali-ne-i-ve-li-koj-ve-ći-ni-lju-di- ko-ji- su- li-še-ni-mi-stič-kog-uvi-da.-Oni- bi-mo-ra-li- da- se,- što- bi- re- kao-Pr-njat,- ja-sno- ogra-de- i- ka-žu- da- se- ra-di- sa-mo- o- ve-ro-va-nju,- ali-ne-i-o-zna-nju. Po-sled-nji-pri-go-vor-je-de-li-mič-no-oprav-dan.-Za-i-sta,-pre-tva-ra-ti-se-da- po-se-du-ješ-li-čan-mi-stič-ki-uvid-u-ne-što-što-po-zna-ješ-sa-mo-iz-dru-ge- ru-ke,-bi-lo-bi-za-sva-ku-osu-du.-Ogrom-na-je-raz-li-ka-iz-me-đu-onog- što-je-čo-vek-lič-no-uvi-deo-i-onog-što-sa-mo-in-te-lek-tu-al-no-po-zna-je,- od-no-sno-onog-u-šta-sa-mo-ve-ru-je. Ipak-to-ne-zna-či-da-onaj-ko-ni-je-is-ku-sio-mi-stič-ki-su-sret-sa-Hri- stom-ne-ma-pra-va-da-tvr-di-da-je-Isus-Me-si-ja,-tj.-Hri-stos.-Uosta- lom,-i-oso-be-ko-je-su-pu-ki-la-i-ci-pre-ten-du-ju-da-go-vo-re-isti-nu-ka- da-se-po-zi-va-ju-na-do-stig-nu-ća-na-uč-ni-ka.-Oni-se-ne-ogra-đu-ju-da- sa-mo- ve-ru-ju- da- je- to- ta-ko,- već- ima-ju-ći- po-ve-re-nje- u- struč-nost- onih-ko-ji-su-do-tih-re-zul-ta-ta-do-šli-i-mo-guć-nost-pro-ve-re,-sma-tra-ju- da-go-vo-re-isti-nu.-Ana-log-no-to-me,-i-oni-ko-ji-ne-po-se-du-ju-mi-stič- ko-zna-nje-mo-gu-da-se-oslo-ne-na-„struč-nost"-mi-sti-ka- i-na-čel-nu- mo-guć-nost-pro-ve-re. Ali-čak-i-oso-ba-ko-ja-bi,-u-stro-gom-smi-slu-re-či,-sme-la-da-ka-že-da- sa-mo-ve-ru-je,-a-ne-i-da-zna,-mo-gla-bi-da-na-ve-de-či-tav-niz-ar-gu- me-na-ta-ko-ji-go-vo-re-u-pri-log-tvrd-nji-da-je-Isus-odi-sta-bio-Hri-stos,- da-je-po-gre-šno-oče-ki-va-ti-do-la-zak-ne-kog-dru-gog-Me-si-je.-Ako-se- se-ti-mo-ko-li-ko-je-su-rov-bio-pro-gon-pr-vih-hri-šća-na,-te-ško-bi-se-mo- glo-oče-ki-va-ti-da-će-ne-ko-pri-sta-ti-na-ne-po-treb-no-mu-če-ni-štvo-uko- li-ko-ni-je-či-ta-vim-svo-jim-bi-ćem-uve-ren-da-je-ras-pe-ti-Isus-ne-sa-mo- bio-Me-si-ja-ne-go-i-da-je-vas-kr-sao.-Pod-no-še-nje-stra-ho-vi-tih-mu-če- nja- bi-lo- je-mo-gu-će- sa-mo- za-hva-lju-ju-ći-Hri-sto-voj- po-dr-šci,- ko-ju- je-mu-če-nik-ne-po-sred-no- is-ku-sio.-Uosta-lom,-da- Isus-ni-je- vas-kr- sao-i-ja-vio-se-apo-sto-li-ma,-oni-bi-osta-li-pre-pla-še-ni-i-ma-lo-du-šni,-a- hri-šćan-stva-ne-bi-ni-bi-lo. Ga-ma-li-lov-sa-vet-čla-no-vi-ma-Si-ne-dri-o-na,-ko-ji-su-si-lom-po-ku-ša-va-li- da-one-mo-gu-će-mi-si-o-nar-sku-de-lat-nost-apo-sto-la,-sam-po-se-bi-do- volj-no-go-vo-ri:-„Pro-đi-te-se-ovih-lju-di-i-osta-vi-te-ih,-jer-ako-bu-de- od-lju-di-ova-na-mi-sao-ili-de-lo,-pro-pa-šće.-No-ako-je-od-Bo-ga-ne- mo-že-te- ga-uni-šti-ti,- da- se-ka-ko- i- bo-go-bor-ci- ne-na-đe-te"- (D.- ap.- 393 ZORAN KINĐIĆ 5,-38-39).-Sled-be-ni-ci- la-žnih-me-si-ja- i-pre- i-po-sle- Isu-sa-br-zo-bi- se- raz-o-ča-ra-li- i-po-ko-le-ba-ni-ne-is-pu-nje-nim-oče-ki-va-nji-ma-okre-ta-li- le-đa-to-bo-žnjem-Me-si-ji.-Me-đu-tim-hri-šćan-stvo-tra-je-već-dva-mi- le-ni-ju-ma.-Sva-ko-se-mo-že-lič-no-uve-ri-ti,-pod-uslo-vom-da-se-od- va-ži-na-avan-tu-ru-pro-bra-ža-va-nja-vla-sti-te-pa-le-pri-ro-de,-u-nje-go-vu- du-hov-nu- sna-gu.-Ako- je- ne-ko-me- Je-ru-sa-lim- te-ško- do-stu-pan,- pa- ne-ma- is-ku-stvo- spu-šta-nja-bla-go-dat-nog-og-nja-u- cr-kvi-Hri-sto-vog- gro-ba-na-Ve-li-ku-su-bo-tu-–-ne-tvar-nog-og-nja-ko-ji-ne-ko-vre-me-go-ri- i-sve-tli,-ali-ne-pe-če,-mo-že-da-se-i-ov-de-su-o-či-sa-fe-no-me-nom-ne- tru-le-žnih-mo-šti-ju.-Sva-ka-ko-ni-je-u-skla-du-sa-pri-rod-nim-za-ko-ni-ma- i-oče-ki-va-nji-ma-zdra-vog-ljud-skog-ra-zu-ma-što-se-te-la-sve-ti-te-lja-ne- ras-pa-da-ju,- što-ne-ke- iko-ne-mi-ro-to-če,- ču-do-tvo-re- itd.-Mo-guć-nost- da-se-ose-ti-bla-go-dat-no-dej-stvo-sve-tih-taj-ni,-kao-što-je-pri-če-šće,- na-ras-po-la-ga-nju-je-sva-ko-me-ko-za-i-sta-tra-ži-isti-nu,-ko-ne-ro-bu-je- pro-sve-ti-telj-skim-pred-ra-su-da-ma.7 Na-osno-vu-re-če-nog,-ne-mo-gu-će-bi-bi-lo-oče-ki-va-ti-da-hri-šćan-stvo- bu-de-ži-va-ve-ra,-da-bla-go-dat-Sve-tog-Du-ha-is-pu-nja-va-mi-stič-ko-te-lo- Cr-kve,-a-da-gla-va-tog-te-la-ne-bu-de-Hri-stos-ne-go-pu-ka-va-ra-li-ca,- je-re-tik,-la-žni-me-si-ja.-Ma-ko-li-ko-sme-ta-lo-oni-ma-ko-ji-su-na-vi-kli-na- re-la-ti-vi-zam-po-pi-ta-nju-isti-ne,-mo-ra-se-pri-me-ti-ti-da-sa-dr-žaj-isti-ne- ni-je-isti-u-svim-re-li-gi-ja-ma.-U-ne-ki-ma-je-vi-še-isti-ne,-u-ne-ki-ma-ma- nje.-Re-li-gi-je,-a-u-njih-se-ubra-ja-ju-i-po-li-te-i-stič-ke,-mo-že-mo-sli-ko- vi-to-pred-sta-vi-ti-kao-te-ra-pi-je-ko-je-po-ma-žu-čo-ve-ku-da-se-du-hov-no- is-ce-li.-Ne-ke-od-njih-su-do-bre,-ne-ke-lo-še,-ne-ke-iz-vr-sne.-Ma-da-se- ve-ro-vat-no-ni-u-jed-noj-od-njih-Bog-do-kra-ja-i-ap-so-lut-no-ni-je-ot- krio,-ne-tre-ba-ih-me-ša-ti-ni-ti-iz-jed-na-ča-va-ti,-već-oda-bra-ti-onu-ko-ja- pru-ža-naj-bo-lje- iz-gle-de-na-spa-se-nje.-A-to- je-upra-vo-ona-ko-ja- je- naj-i-sti-ni-ti-ja!-Na-rav-no-sva-ko-ima-pra-vo-da-sam-iza-be-re-da-li-će- bi-ti-ate-i-sta,-ag-no-stik-ili-pri-pad-nik-ne-ke-re-li-gi-je. Za vr šna na po me na Iako-bi-bi-lo-pre-te-ra-no-na-osno-vu-po-je-di-nač-nog-slu-ča-ja-iz-vla-či-ti- da-le-ko-se-žne-za-ključ-ke,-či-ni-mi-se-ipak-da-pe-ri-pe-ti-je-oko-po-ku- ša-ja-ob-ja-vlji-va-nja-ovog-po-le-mič-kog-tek-sta-su-ge-ri-šu-da-za-stup-ni- ci- tzv.-pro-sve-će-nog-mi-šlje-nja-ni-su-baš-to-li-ko-to-le-rant-ni,-bar-ne- ono-li-ko-ko-li-ko-bi-se-oče-ki-va-lo-od-na-sta-vlja-ča-Vol-te-ro-ve-(Vol-ta- i-re)- tra-di-ci-je.-Stvo-re-na- je-na-vi-ka-da- se-dog-mat-ska- is-klju-či-vost- pri-pi-su-je- re-li-gi-o-znim-mi-sli-o-ci-ma,-dok-bi-na-vod-no-ka-rak-te-ri-sti- ke-pro-sve-će-nih-mi-sli-o-ca-bi-le:-otvo-re-nost,-to-le-rant-nost,-ne-go-va- nje-pra-va-na-raz-li-či-tost,-sprem-nost-na-di-ja-log.-Ne-upu-šta-ju-ći-se- u- pret-po-stav-ke- ka-ko- bi- sam-Vol-ter- oce-nio- ovaj- slu-čaj,- uka-zu- jem-sa-mo-na-či-nje-ni-cu-da-je-glav-ni-ured-nik-ča-so-pi-sa-Fi lo zo fi ja 7- Po-hri-šćan-skom-uče-nju,-va-žni-je-od-pu-kog-in-te-lek-tu-al-nog-po-zna-va-nja-dog-mi- je-lič-no-is-ku-stvo.-Ume-sto-da-se-ne-ko-ube-đu-je-u-isti-ni-tost-Hri-sto-ve-po-ru-ke-lju- ba-vi,-sva-ko-me-se-pre-po-ru-ču-je-da-se-sam-uve-ri.-Otu-da-i-po-ziv:-„Do-đi-i-vi-di!"- (Jn.-1,-46). 394 ZORAN KINĐIĆ i dru štvo-od-bio-da-ob-ja-vi-ovaj-po-le-mič-ki-tekst,-s-obra-zlo-že-njem- da-se-ra-di-o-na-uč-nom-ča-so-pi-su,-pa-je-po-zi-va-nje-na-Bi-bli-ju-i-sv.- Nikolaja-Ve-li-mi-ro-vi-ća-ne-na-uč-no.-U-od-go-vo-ru-glav-nom-ured-ni-ku- pri-me-tio-sam-da-se-u-ime-nu-ča-so-pi-sa-na-la-zi-i-reč-„fi-lo-zo-fi-ja",-da- on-ne-mo-ra-da-de-li-mi-šlje-nja-auto-ra,-kao-i-da-sam-mo-že-u-sle-de- ćem-bro-ju-da-kri-ti-ku-je-do-tič-ni-tekst-itd.-Pri-tom-ni-sam-že-leo-da-se- pre-pi-rem-i-in-si-sti-ram-na-ob-ja-vlji-va-nju.-Sma-trao-sam-da-ću-tekst- mo-ći-da-ob-ja-vim-u-ne-kom-dru-gom-ča-so-pi-su.-Ali-pre-va-rio-sam-se.- Glav-ni-ured-ni-ci-ča-so-pi-sa-The o ria, Re li gi ja i to le ran ci ja, Sve ske i In ter kul tu ral nost,- uz- na-vo-đe-nje- raz-li-či-tih- for-mal-nih- raz-lo-ga,- ni-su-bi-li-sprem-ni-na-to.- Osta-je-nam-da-se-za-pi-ta-mo:-da-li-je-otvo-re-nost-za-dru-ga-či-je-mi- šlje-nje-onih-ko-ji-sle-de-pri-rod-no-sve-tlo-ljud-skog-uma-ogra-ni-če-na- sa-mo-na-one-ko-ji-se-bes-po-go-vor-no-po-vi-nu-ju-pro-pi-sa-nim-pra-vi-li- ma-igre?-Ako-su-oni-ko-ji-do-vo-de-u-pi-ta-nje-ta-pra-vi-la,-bu-du-ći-da- ih-do-ži-vlja-va-ju-kao-sa-mo-na-met-nu-te-ste-ge,-ne-pri-me-re-ni-part-ne-ri- za-di-ja-log,-on-da-bi-to-bi-lo-po-gub-no-upra-vo-za-(sa-mo)kri-tič-ki-duh- pro-sve-će-no-sti.8 LI-TE-RA-TU-RA: Bi bli ja – Sve to pi smo Sta rog i No vog za ve ta,-Glas-cr-kve,-Va-lje-vo- 2005. Sve-ti-Ni-ko-laj-Ohrid-ski-i-Žič-ki,-Kroz tam nič ki pro zor,-Pe-trov-grad,-Zre- nja-nin-2004. Pr-njat-A.,-O-je-zič-ko-eks-pre-siv-nom-pa-ter-na-li-zmu:-re-pli-ka-Mi-ha-i-lu-Mar- ko-vi-ću,-Fi lo zo fi ja i dru štvo-br.-3,--Be-o-grad-2009. Ar-hi-man-drit-So-fro-ni-je,-Sta rac Si luan,-Ma-na-stir-Hi-lan-dar-1998. Kin-đić-Z.,-Me-si-jan-ska-ide-ja-u-no-vo-ve-kov-nom-ju-da-i-zmu,-Fi lo zo fi ja i dru štvo-br.-1,-Be-o-grad-2009. Zo-ran-Kin-đić Uni-ver-sity-of-Bel-gra-de,-Fa-culty-of-Po-li-ti-cal-Sci-en-ces,-Bel-gra-de THE-CRI-TI-CAL-RE-FE-REN-CE-TO-DIS-TIN-CTION- BE-ET-WEN-KNOW-LED-GE-AND-FA-ITH Ab-stract In- con-nec-tion- with- the- po-le-mics- bet-we-en- Mi-ha-i-lo- Mar-ko-vić- and- Alek-san-dar- Pr-njat- the- aut-hor- puts- in-to- qu-e-sti-on- the- usual- dis-tin- ction- be-et-wen- know-led-ge- and- fa-ith.- He- ad-du-ces- the- phe-no-me- non- of- mysti-cal- know-led-ge- as- an- agu-ment- that- re-li-gion- can-not- be- re-du-ced- to- fa-ith.- Alt-ho-ugh- the- su-pra-ra-ti-o-nal- know-led-ge- is- very- hard- to- at-tain- be-ca-u-se- it- im-pli-es- the- over-co-ming- of- ego,- its- pos- si-bi-lity- re-fu-tes- nar-ro-wing- of- know-led-ge- to- me-re- un-der-stan-ding. Key-words: fa ith, know led ge, mysti cism, truth, ego 8- Da-za-tam-nju-ju-ća-ten-den-ci-ja-pro-sve-će-no-sti-ipak-ni-je-baš-to-li-ko-iz-ra-že-na-ko-li- ko-bi-mo-glo-da-nam-se-uči-ni,-po-ka-zu-je-i-pri-mer-Alek-san-dra-Pr-nja-ta-ko-ji-je-sa- mo-i-ni-ci-ja-tiv-no-auto-ru-ovog-tek-sta-po-nu-dio-da-se-na-ve-de-ni-tekst-ob-ja-vi-na-kon- što-je-autor-na-kon-vi-še-ne-u-spe-šnih-po-ku-ša-ja-već-di-gao-ru-ke-od-ta-kve-na-me-re.