International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2000-004X Vol. 3 Issue 5, May – 2019, Pages: 3-5 www.ijeais.org/ijapr 3 The Origin of «Khorazmiys» (Based on Source Analysis) Qodirov Jakhongir Student, Departament of History, History faculty, Urgench State University, Urgench, Uzbekistan. E-mail address: goodluck_0714@mail.ru Abstract: In the beginning of the 20th century a scientific issue of the initial territorial distribution of the abuser was raised and later debated. Scientific literature has different views on the issue. Their controversial aspects are explained above. Keywords: Al-Maqdisi, Tabariy, Ibn al-Asir, Herodot, Khomas, Lower Amudarya, Akes river, I.V.Pyankov, P. Baratov, A.A. Askarov. 1. INTRODUCTION Pakistan is ranked world's sixth most populous country. Its population growth rate is 2 percent with an estimated population of over 18.6 million (Pakistan Economic Survey, 2013-14). In the works of poets and medieval writers (Al-Maqdisi, Tabariy, Ibn al-Asir), the ancient Khorezm people are described as inhabitants of the Lower Amudarya. The Greek historian Gekatey, who had lived long before the Middle Ages, also claimed to have lived in the eastern part of the day from the so-called Parasms called "Khomas". Herodotus's book "The History", relates to the Akes River oasis surrounded by mountains. Based on this information, in the beginning of the 20th century a scientific issue of the initial territorial distribution of the abuser was raised and later debated. In the 70s of the 20th century, I.V. Pyankov studied the problem in detail and wrote in the Hist. I.Markvart, A.Hermann, S.P. Tolstov, V.B.Xenn, I.M. Dyakonov, I.Gershevich and other scientists summarized their findings. The researcher concludes that the Khorezmian plains of Khurasan and Khurat are located in the Lower Amu-Darya lands during the time of Chamomis Ahamonis. According to I.V.Pyankov, it is difficult to summarize the story of Gerodot's valley, surrounded by a mountain, and the five wells of the river Akes, and to have clear historical conclusions, because it is based on the story of Hindus, Starting from the hills of the Indian mountains, large rivers have been used and used to irrigate the lands of various ancient peoples. Indeed, relying on modern geographical maps, the Akes River is a difficult matter. In the works of Greek historians, the land of chimmers resembles that of the southern regions of Central Asia, according to its historical-geographical characteristics. Materials and Methods This problem is controversial and the researchers have different interpretations of the geographical location. Some scholars describe composers as permanently living in the Lower Amudarya, while others describe the criminals as immigrants in the southern Aral Sea region, and are linked to Tacar-Gerrud and Murghab Owl (Marv), the first homeland of humankind. I.V. Pyankov, based on the well-known historiography of the 80s of the 20th century, made the following conclusions regarding the histories of Gekathi's pertussis: Beruniy and al-Maqdisi's coverage of the history of Khorezm from the arrival of the population; khorazmiys were originally located in the Gerrud oasis and the Turkmen-Khurasan plateau; from them lived in nomadic or semi-nomadic massagones in the Khorezm oasis in the north; The purpose of the military campaigns of the ancient Persian kings Kir II and Darius I was the Khorezm oasis. Darius I's campaign was successful and massagetas were seized in the Khorezm oasis and adjacent areas; In order to strengthen its domination, Darius I and her successors moved from the south to the Lower Amu-Darya region to establish the basin of agricultural development in the Khorezm oasis. M.G. Vorobeva explains that the Khorasmians originated in the Lower Amu Darya in the Ahamonid era from the south and formed the Khorezm as an ancient land, in particular, in the Khorezm Oasis. By V.N.Pilipko on the banks of the Mediterranean Amudarya In the first half of the millennium BC, the question of the castle and ruins of the city (Karki, Odoytepa, Oqqal'a) examined the question of the possibility of determining the potential of the perpetrators on the basis of the archaeological data of the Amu Darya River from the Tacik Oman. According to the conclusion made by B.V. Veinberg, mil.av. In the VII century BC, the Khorezmian oasis from Iran moved to the Khurist monkeys. According to I.V.Pyankov, this conclusion does not have logical grounds; It is dated to the end of the 6th century BC and the first half of the 5th century BC, and there is no information about the migration of the rocks. It is possible to agree with the opinion of the researcher, that the true culture of the Solarisai is characterized by "wildlife", that is, breeders' characteristics. According to written sources, it was the center of the city called "Khorezm", so The question is how the chorists know the International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2000-004X Vol. 3 Issue 5, May – 2019, Pages: 3-5 www.ijeais.org/ijapr 4 culture of town-building that I.V. Pyankov has made, and how he became a cattle-breed in Khorezm. The views on the migration of Khorezm to the Khorezm oasis are based on scientists' assumptions. Gekatey and Herodotus contain ethnonym "khokimiyats" and Khorezm is not mentioned as a country or region. This situation has been ignored by the researchers. The first Iron Age, the material culture of the Khorezm oasis, the spread of news and construction of houses and defense walls from the raw and bricks, and the formation of urban culture culture. avv In the VII century BC, the recognition of the population of Bactria and Margiana as a result of the migration of the Khorezm oasis was due to the fact that the Khorezm people did not reside in the southern part of the Central Asia, and that they were formed as a result of the merger with local and immigrant MargianaBactria populations thought S.Bolelov writes that the Bactrian family of the Mediterranean in the Amu Darya was the result of the migration of the Lori shoreline to Khorezm, where Bactrian craftsmen worked in Humbuztepa workshops. In recent years, Askarov and S.Baratov tried to clarify. A.A. Askarov writes on Herodotus's use of the Aces River Waterfall as follows: "Through the persecution of the Ahl'ul kings, Hilmend constructed dams for the flowing streams flowing from the Hilmend mountain range to buy a large year of eastern Iranian tribes, and turned the water into the present-day Herat valley. As a result, the lake was formed in the valley, and the Chorists were forced to flee their homes and emigrate to the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River. " According to the researcher's predictions, when the Chimganians entered the lower Amu Darya region, the term "Khorezm" appeared here. "Until that time, chimmers lived in the Hilmend Valley (Hirot oasis) and lived a decent life." But geographically, Herat oasis does not have a territorial connection with the Hilmend Valley. The Hirot valley (located in Avesto Harvard, Greek sources Areia, Aria) is located in the midst of Tacanger Gerrud (Herirud) River. Also in the Hirot valley, avv No monuments of VII-V centuries BC were identified. This sophisticated historical fact may have doubts about the location of the Homeland in Herat. Result and Discussion P. Baratov, I.M. Based on Dyakonov's conclusions, avv In the first half of the 7th century BC, the ancient Persian king Kir II, part of Khorezm, Parfia, Margiana, Areia, and Sughd, was the part of the Persian kingdom as the "Median Heritage". According to the researcher's opinion, avv In the first half of the 7th century BC, a number of shrimps moved to the Lower Amudarya hills from the Sarahs region in the midst of the Tajan Gerrud River. S.Baratov is located in the eastern part of the territory of Khorezm and belongs to Khorezm, due to the heavy tax policy of the ancient Persian king Doro I, avv In his own view that they had left their homeland in the last quarter of the sixth century and were forced to move to the Lower Amudarya. According to the researcher, the Medians, the Spaniards, and the Margians, who rebelled against Darius I, also fled to Khorezm oasis to find shelter. As can be seen from this, according to S. Baratov, the migration of chimps occurred in two periods. According to the researcher, the mil.avv. In the first half of the 7th century BC, the migration of the khorasmians to the Lower AmuDarya River was triggered by high-level technological knowledge, which is unknown to domestic livestock farmers, building cities and temples on gray lands, and "extensive irrigation" work, craftsmanship and production. However, it should be noted that. There is no written information in the VII century BC about the location of chimmers in the south (Sarahs, Herat, and elsewhere). Yu.A. Rapoport's claims that Herodotus' story about the Akes River originates from the memory of the short-lived dominance of the Hirkans, Parthians, Tigers and Tamanians in the Horezmian region. A.S. Sagdullaev writes that Darius I, in Margaryan, has been ravaged by the Frida rebellion and has moved the rebellious margional groups to Khorezm. The researcher has a policy of transmitting the Persian Empire as proof of his views, avv In the fifth century, the Barka inhabitants of Bactria from North Africa and the Greeks from Miletus in Anatolia were evacuated. E.V. Rtveladze analyzed the historiographical data on the Chasmistans problem and took his scientific conclusions. According to the researcher, Herodotus reports five separate rivers. These can be compared with the Tangan (Gerrud), Murghab, Safedruid, Shirin-Togo, and Balhob rivers, which began in the Hindu Mountains. The Horoscope avv In the 6th century, they lived in the plains of Moab and the Amu Darya and in the middle high mountains. These lands form northwestern parts of the ancient Bactrian lands. Here, the first Iron Age monuments of Tillatepa, Qutlog'tepa and Oltintepa are located, that is, the khorasmians, like the Bactrians, have had "high cultural traditions of architecture and town-planning". E.V. Rtrveladze's approach to this issue varies widely from the scientific assumptions about the above-mentioned horizons (Turkmen-Khurasan plains, Hirat and Sarah Oasis). However, there are some questions about this approach. Until 2001, some of the historiographical data relating to this issue were reviewed by N.Agamberdieva. Nowadays, the findings of scientific literature are summarized as follows: Hazarims lived in the Tajan-Gerrud and Murghab Oaks; Semi-nomadic Sak-massags were set up in the Khorezm oasis before the reorganization of the humus; Because of the heavy tax policy of Darius I, avv At the end of the sixth century, the Khermatas in the Hirat or Sarakhs region had to leave their homeland and move to Lower Amu-Darya; The chorusists lived in the Western Bactrian territory, due to the threat of Kir II's military occupation, avv In the International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2000-004X Vol. 3 Issue 5, May – 2019, Pages: 3-5 www.ijeais.org/ijapr 5 second half of the 6th century, they moved to the Horezmian oasis; The Khorezm people emerged as Khorezm in the result of the addition of local cattle-raising-tribal tribes and the Margilan-Bactria populations who were migrated from the Amu Darya. As we can see from this, scientific literature has different views on the issue. Their controversial aspects are explained above. Conclusion "Khorasmians" can be summarized as to the origin of the ancient Khorezm people: 1. At the beginning of the VII-VI centuries BC, in the history of Khorezm, complex ethnocultural processes took place. They are the result of the spread of populations of the local Amirabad culture community, the first wilderness migratory community, and the Khosepper culture. 2. According to the main attributes of the culture of masonry, the first Iron Age was associated with Parfia, Margiana and Bactria cultures. In the South, the traditions of this culture have deep roots. 3. The arrival of the southern groups into the Khorezm oasis took place gradually and calmly. Initially craftsmen and construction workers moved to the region. They were engaged in pottery production (Humbuztepa) and Hazorasp and Koshigir. 4. It is no coincidence that productive livestock farming prevails in the Early Warning. Representatives of the tribal communities were livestock breeders, and the southern southern population groups initially engaged in craftsmanship and construction, while gradual crop irrigation was cultivated on a new basis. Population migrators from the south apply their religious views and funeral ceremonies to the cultivated areas. Thus Zoroastrianism in ancient times turned into the main religion in Khorezm. References: [1] Tolstova L.S. Historical folklore of the Karakalpaks as a source for the study of the ethnogenesis and ethnocultural relations of this people // Ethnic history and folklore. M., 1977. p. 144. [2] Pyankov I.V. Khorasmii Hekatey Miletsky // WDI. M., 1972. No. 2. P. 3–20. [3] Pyankov I.V. Khorezm in the ancient written tradition // Khorezm and Muhammad al-Khorezmi in world history and culture. Dushanbe: Donish, 1983. P. 46. [4] Livshits V.A. The oldest state education / / History of the Tajik people. M .: IVL, 1963. T. 1. p. 152-153. [5] Pyankov I.V. Khorezm in ancient ... p. 43–44. [6] Vorobieva M.G. The Problem of the "Great Khorezm" and Archeology // Ethnography and Archeology of Central Asia. M .: Science, 1979. P. 40–41. [7] Pilipko V.N. Formation and development of Parthian culture in the territory of Southern Turkmenistan: Author's abstract. diss. ... doctor ist sciences. M .: Institute of Archeology, 1989. p. 24. [8] Sagdullaev A.S. Margiana and Bactria. Historical traditions and cultural ties in the pre-antique era // Ancient Merv. Ashgabat: Ylym, 1989. p. 17. [9] Bolelov S.B. Some results of archaeological work at Humbuztepa // ONU. Tashkent, 1999. No. 9–10. p. 20. [10] Baratov S. Some problems of archaeological research of ancient cultures of Khorezm // Uzbekistan History. Tashkent , 2007. 4 dream. B. 30. [11] Baratov S. Some problems of archaeological research ... S. 33. [12] Rapoport Yu.A. A brief sketch of the history of Khorezm in antiquity // Priaralye in antiquity and the Middle Ages. M .: IVL RAS, 1998. p. 29. [13] Sagdullaev A.S. The formation of early Bactrian and early Gogdi statehood // History of statehood of Uzbekistan. T .: Uzbekistan, 2009. T. 1. p. 73. [14] Rtveladze E.V. The state association "Big Khorezm" ... p. 36–40 [15] Egamberdieva N.A. Archaeological and archeographic studies of the history of ancient Khorezm (VI – IV centuries. BC): Author's abstract. diss. ... Cand. ist sciences. Nukus: Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography KKO Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, 2001. 20 p.