United Humanity: from "UN 2.0" to "UN 3.0" The conceptual model of the United Nations for the XXI century Vladimir I. Rogozhin ideabank@yandex.ru 1. Abstract The conceptual model of United Nations reform - "UN 3.0" includes the General Program of Action on UN Reform, consisting of two stages. The first stage for 2020-2025 envisages the transformation of the main organs of the UN the General Assembly and the Security Council with measures to improve the effectiveness of the management system, address the "veto problem", problem of financing, improve staff work and administrative and financial control, strengthen UN media, improvement of work with the global civil society. The General Assembly is converted into the General All-Parliamentary Assembly of the UN. In the structure of the Assembly, the Council for Law is being established, which coordinates the activities of UN structures in the field of law. To coordinate the activities of the UN in the field of human rights and civil society, ethical issues, the General all-parliamentary Assembly creates the Council on ethics, human rights and civil society and transforms the Committee on information into the Council on public information and communication with civil society. The structure of the Council includes all UN media. The reform of the UN Security Council is carried out in three sub-stages. At the 1st sub-stage (2020-2021) the Security Council is transformed into the Council of Existential Security (CES). The membership of the CES is increased to 25 member countries, of which five countries have the right of the unconditional (absolute, eternal) veto: Great Britain, France, China, Russian Federation, USA. The General All-Parliamentary Assembly elects 15 new permanent members of the Council of Existential Security with the right of the conditional (limited) veto: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Egypt, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Mexico, South Africa, Nigeria, Pakistan , Turkey, Japan (if they fulfill the mandatory restrictive conditions). At this sub-stage, the CES elects also five non-permanent members with the right of a conditional (limited) veto when they meet the mandatory restrictive conditions, with a rotation period of 2 years from geographical regions (or regional unions): Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia and the Pacific Ocean (2 places), Eastern Europe. On the second sub-stage (2022-2023), subject to the effective activity of the CES of the enlarged composition and compliance with mandatory restrictive conditions, new permanent members of the "Existential Security Council" are elected with the right of a conditional (limited) veto: Iran, Spain, Poland, Saudi Arabia. Members of the CES may be regional unions, whose member countries are not represented in the CES, but still have one vote with the right of a conditional (limited) veto. Two essential levels of the veto: 1. Unconditional (absolute, eternal) veto is the historical right of veto of the five permanent members of the Council of Existential Security Great Britain, China, Russia, USA, France; 2. Сonditional (limited) veto is the veto of other permanent and non-permanent members of the Council of Existential Security. The right of veto is a unique international school for the achievement of consensus, a school of high democracy for Humanity, a reliable guarantee of the viability of the UN structure. The Council for Existential Security centralises the management of the UN subsidiary bodies with the expansion of their security functions: the Military Staff Committee, the CounterTerrorism Committee, the Committee for the Prevention of the Spread of Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Weapons, the Sanctions Committees and other committees. On the basis of the decision of the Council of Existential Security, the General All-Parliamentary Assembly creates permanent contingents of UN peacekeeping and counter-terrorism forces. In addition, two Centers are being created in the structure of the Council for Existential Security: the World Center for the Elimination of the Effects of Technogenic and Natural Disasters with branches on all continents and the World Center for the Analysis of Existential Risks and the Overall Security Strategy. The Center is developing the Programs of research and monitoring of global existential threats and risks. In order to increase the level of legitimacy and authority of the Secretary General of the United Nations, the Rules of procedure for elections to this post are changing. Each member country of the Council for Existential Security represents one of the most authoritative candidates for election to the post of Secretary General at the session of the General All-Parliamentary Assembly, with the possibility of nominating candidates from other countries, including those not members of the Council for Existential Security. Elections are held in two rounds during one day of the session of the Assembly. The Legal Committee of the UN General Assembly is developing a Program for the Reform of the Judicial System of the United Nations, which takes into account the proposals of the previous international discussion and determines the scope and terms of the reform of the courts. In accordance with the Program of Action on UN Reform for 2020-2025, reforms are under way in the structure of the Economic and Social Council. The central task of the reform is to strengthen the coordinating role of ECOSOC in the entire system of UN-related specialized agencies, funds and programs related to the Council. The key task of the UN reform is the solution of the financing problem. A unified "UN Open Budget "Solidarity XXI" is being created, including the financing of peacekeeping operations and other expenses. Each country, a member of the United Nations, lists in an established period, once a year, an Existential contribution the Earth Tax. The Earth Tax for each UN member state is established on the basis of four scales of calculation: Scale I for 5 permanent members of the Council of Existential Security, who have the right of absolute (absolute) veto; Scale II for the permanent members of the SEB, who have the right to a conditional (limited) veto; Scale III for non-permanent members of the SEB, who have the right to a conditional (limited) veto; Scale IV for all other UN member countries. The program of action on UN reform includes a set of measures to ensure transparent work of the International Civil Service Commission with the involvement of the UN media. To strengthen control functions in the sphere of personnel policy, administrative and financial management, the General All-Parliamentary Assembly of the United Nations establishes the Permanent Commission on Ethics and Administrative and Financial Control. All members of the Commission, members of the Committees and auditors are independent in their activities from the leadership of the United Nations, its funds and programs. The General All-Parliamentary Assembly completes the first stage of the Program of Action on UN Reform in 2025 and, following an open discussion, introduces a single language of international communication Esperanto and approves it as the official language of the United Nations. With a view to more effective work of the central UN governing bodies in the face of increasing existential threats and risks, reducing the current expenses for the maintenance of the central bodies of the UN, the Council for Existential Security and the General All-Parliamentary Assembly decide on the relocation of the UN headquarters to Iceland. The UN building complex in New York is transferred to preferential use of non-governmental organizations, which contribute to the implementation of the goals of the United Nations. At the second stage of the UN reform in the period 2026-2028, additional necessary transformations are being made in the UN system. At the end of the first stage of the reform, taking into account the reforms carried out by the main organs of the United Nations and the internal improvement of the work of all its structures, the United Nations Program of Action for the years 2026-2028 is being developed. 2. Description of the model United Humanity: From "UN 2.0" To "UN 3.0" The conceptual model of the United Nations for the XXI century An educated people without a metaphysics is like a richly decorated temple without a holy of holies. G.W.F.Hegel Philosophical foundations of the "UN 3.0" Model An analysis of the activities of the League of Nations and the United Nations, the ideas and proposals for reform of the United Nations, presented by many UN member countries and expert groups, make it possible to conclude: the United Nations has no alternative, but requires a deep structural reform with its transition to a new quality and the level of legitimacy that is consistent with its goals and objectives, as defined in the Charter and other fundamental documents of the United Nations, with the preservation and strengthening of the semantic core of the essential basis of the entire structure between national relations a global historical memory of the centennial path of the movement of Humanity to unity. The reform of the United Nations is a conscious need for us, earthlings, to make a constructive transition to the system of global governance of the highest level of democracy, efficiency and certainty, as a result of the broad participation of global civil society in the international political process, to build a deeply meaningful system of global security aimed at minimizing existential threats and risks, increasing the responsibility of politicians and peoples for the preservation of life in our Mother Earth, achieving good for all Humanity: the transition from UN 2.0 to UN 3.0" United Nations of the twenty-first century. Metaphysical grounds, goals and principles of the UN 3.0 conceptual model: The world is a single whole Unity in Diversity Mother Earth is our only and eternal common home We are Earthlings Unity of Nations Union of Peoples Union of People A just and safe Eternal Peace. Let's save Life on Earth Dialog. Justice. Consensus. Action for the Common Good Frosty autumn of 1962 in the far north of Eastern Siberia. The Caribbean missile crisis. I, a 16year-old guy, in the evenings, listened to the voice of the NHK radio commentator from Japan about the impetuous and unpredictable development of the crisis. In my memory the anxiety and the question still live: why one two people on the Earth can decide the destiny of Humanity? In 1962, one man saved the world from a nuclear disaster.*. Today, the danger of a nuclear catastrophe has increased even more, since a whole range of countries already possess nuclear weapons, and its reserves are enough to destroy all life on Earth many times. Many other global threats and risks have added to the risk of nuclear war added. The United Nations, the entire global civil society must work together effectively, proceeding from the highest goal of Humanity in the modern transitional nuclear-ecological-information era the preservation of life on Earth. Reform of the United Nations should be aimed at radically improving the structure, functions, forms and methods of its work in the face of ever-increasing existential threats and risks. The modern information and technological revolution, the accelerated formation of a global civil society, pushed step by step to realize the need to move to a new level of democratic governance: the transition from "Democracy 2.0" to "Democracy 3.0", democracy with a rigid, clear and distinct feedback of authority and the source of power at all levels of self-organization of Humanity. Therefore, the cardinal issue of reform of the entire structure of the UN is the deepening of democratic principles and methods throughout the global governance system. The United Nations should become a model of a higher level of democracy for all levels of global governance, taking into account the historical experience of all countries, the goals and objectives of sustainable development of Humanity, step by step creating its metaphysical basis in the 21st century: "Open Power Open Society". The first stage of the UN reform (2020-2025) In accordance with the General Program of Action on UN Reform, this stage includes the transformation of the main organs of the UN the General Assembly and the Security Council with a system of measures to deepen the process of reforming all organizations of the United Nations system: enhancing the effectiveness of global governance through redistribution of functions, centralization, coordination, strategy, the introduction of the principles of high democracy in international relations and in the UN structure, the development and promotion of the methodology the solution of the "veto right problem", the problems of financing, the improvement of work with personnel and the mechanism of administrative and financial control, counteracting corruption, the significant strengthening and expansion of the UN media field, the improvement of work with non-governmental organizations and civil society. Reform of the UN General Assembly The goal of the reform of the General Assembly, the main representative, deliberative and decision-making body of the United Nations is to increase the level of legitimacy as a result of its deep democratization and maximum openness, improving the governance of the security system and the sustainable development of Humnity, creating the most reliable international cooperation and consensus at all levels of governance and civil society . The General Assembly is transformed into the General All-Parliamentary Assembly of the United Nations. The composition of representatives from each UN member is based on joint decisions of the parliament and the government of the country, no more than five representatives from the country: three representatives from the parliament, two from the government or one from the government, two from the parliament. Regardless of the number of representatives, a UN member country has one vote. The necessary changes are made to the Charter and the Rules of Procedure of the Assembly. In connection with the transformation of the Assembly, the necessary reorganization of the main organs of government is carried out: the Committee on Disarmament and International Security, the Committee on Economic and Financial Affairs, the Committee on Special Political Affairs, the Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions. The Committee on Humanitarian and Social Affairs and Culture is transformed into the Committee on Humanitarian and Social Affairs, Culture and Sport. Reorganization and clarification of the functions of all the subsidiary functional bodies of the Assembly are being carried out: committees, commissions, boards, councils, working groups. In order to coordinate the activities of UN entities dealing with international law and international courts established by the UN, the General All-Parliamentary Assembly creates th e Council on Law, which coordinates the activities of existing UN structures in the field of law. The Council establishes a Group of high-level consultants (the "The Сouncil of wise women and men") from the most prominent academic experts in the field of law and international law. To coordinate and improve the activities of the UN in the field of human rights and civil society, ethical issues of the UN and the international community, the General All-Parliamentary Assembly" establishes the Council for Ethics, Human Rights and Civil Society. In the structure of the Council, the Ethics Commission, the Commission on the Rights of the Child, the Commission on Human Rights, the Commission on Civil Society Rights, the Universal Annual Review of Human Rights are being established. The Ethics Commission creates the Universal Annual Review of Ethics in International Relations. The commissions are headed by the High Commissars. The functions of the Council are being expanded. The Council coordinates the activities of the human rights and child rights commissions and treaty bodies that monitor the implementation of the main international human rights and child rights treaties, develops and manages a mechanism for reviewing information on human rights and the rights of the child in UN member countries. In order to deepen democratic management practices, strengthen public control by the global civil society, the independence of the media of the UN system, the General All Parliamentary Assembly will transform the Committee on Information into a Council for Public Information and Communication with Civil Society. The structure of the Council includes all the UN mass media: the UN Public Television, the UN Radio, the UN Journal, the UN Internet portal and other media. The Council coordinates the work of all UN departments on information and public relations. The Bureau of the Council consists of 5 representatives of the member countries of the Council, heads of the structural departments of information of UN departments and heads of the UN media. The Council and the Bureau are headed by a Chairman selected by representatives from its membership. The Department of Public Information includes: the Strategic Communications Division, the Media Division, the Information and Outreach Division and the UN Information Centers network are subordinate to the Council. The Council and the Bureau meet 4 times a year. The network of UN information centers should be significantly expanded. The UN information centers must be at least one in each country and their work is activated in accordance with the UN Information Strategy developed for the new conditions. The structure of the Council establishes the Department for Civil Society Relations, which centralizes all UN work with nongovernmental organizations, improves the system of accreditation and partnerships, significantly deepens and broadens the strategy of cooperation of the entire UN system with civil society, including business. In order to revitalize the UN, the planned creation of the global unified information and intellectual space to support UN activities, its statutory objectives and program goals and establish a clear inverse relationship between the UN and civil society, as well as "horizontal" relations between the NGOs and the citizens, under the the organizational guidance of the Council establishes a Global Intellectual Social Internet Network on new philosophical, economic, social and technological their principles. Financing of its creation is carried out on the principles of proportional partnership with the trust funds of the UN Democracy Fund, nongovernmental organizations and citizens supporting the purposes and tasks of the UN and providing it with organizational and financial support. The Assembly adopts the UN Code of Ethics. The Code introduces provisions prohibiting representatives of countries of any level of mutual public accusations and bellicose rhetoric, as well as recommendations on submitting to the UN bodies only constructive proposals for solving problems aimed at effective work and consensus building. The Rules of Procedure of the Assembly provide for the organization of the World Summit of the United Nations of the Earth (the "Great Summit") with the participation of heads of state and parliament from all UN member countries, at whose meetings (common, heads of state, heads of parliaments, regional and other) main problem issues of the international community. Reform of the UN Security Council Reform The UN Security Council is held in three sub-stages. The Security Council is transformed into the Council of Existential Security (CES). The change of the name underscores its essential importance as a governing body, which has the primary responsibility for ensuring the comprehensive existential security of Humnity. The status of a permanent and nonpermanent member of the Council of Existential Security is the essential privilege and responsibility of a UN member state to all earthlings for the preservation of life on Earth, for the safety and sustainable development of Humanity. The first sub-step "Essential Need" (2020-2021): At this sub-stage, the membership of the Council is increased to 25 member countries, of which five countries have the right of unconditional (absolute, eternal) veto: China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States of America. According to the Rules of Procedure, the General All-Parliamentary Assembly elects 15 new permanent members of the SEB with the right of the conditional (limited) veto if these countries fulfill the mandatory conditions: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Egypt, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Turkey, Japan. Mandatory conditions for the election of a country to permanent or non-permanent members of the Council of Existential Security: a) does not consist of military blocs (unions) and does not have foreign military bases on its territory; b) should not have territorial claims and hostile relations with other UN member countries (treaties on friendship and mutual assistance concluded with neighboring countries); c) must be a party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; d) should not have civil, inter-ethnic and inter-confessional armed conflicts on its territory. The second sub-step "Essential sufficiency" (2022-2023). Subject to the effective activities of the "Existential Security Council" of the enlarged composition, new permanent members of the Council are introduced with the right of a conditional (limited) veto when compulsory conditions are fulfilled: Iran, Spain, Poland, Saudi Arabia. Members of the Council may be regional unions, whose member countries are not represented in the Council, but at the same time have one vote with the right of a conditional (limited) veto. The third sub-step of Global Existential Stability: the number of permanent members of the Council for Existential Security can increase, based on the results of the work of the enlarged Council on the basis of the decision of the General Assembly on the proposal of all the member countries of the Council. The Council's regulations provide for the Annual Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Council of Existential Security ("Small Earth Summit"). The right of veto in the Council for Existential Security The 72-year history of the veto in the UN Security Council has proved its essential significance as a tool for achieving consensus by all members of the Council, a guarantor of providing the necessary checks and balances that provide deeply thought out fair decisions on key issues of global and regional security. To achieve mutual understanding between the governments of the UN member states, between the peoples of the Earth, the preservation of historical memory of the victims of the two world wars and all regional military conflicts, the essential unity of morality and law, the effective democratic blockade of the narrow-minded goals of states, the Council's openness to the global civil society, taking into account all threats and risks for Humanity, the conceptual model "UN 3.0" provides for the need to deepen and expand the essential importance of the institution of the veto. The right of veto is a unique international school for achieving consensus, a school of high democracy, a reliable guarantee of the viability of the entire UN structure. Given the development of the world democratic process in the modern information and technological revolution, the veto institution should be a school of consensus not only for governments and parliaments, but also for a global civil society, for all of Humanity. The UN Charter establishes two essential levels of the right of veto for the members of the Security Council Existential: 1. The unconditional (absolute, eternal) veto is the veto right of five permanent members of the Council of Existential Security: China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States of America as the basic condition for continuity and stable operation of the United Nations as a global governance system in an era of increasing existential threats and risks, changes that generate the need for deep cooperation of governments, parliaments, global civil society to jointly overcome the total crisis of understanding and loss of certainty, like guaranteeing the preservation of historical memory of the victims of two world wars, regional military conflicts, an important condition for the movement of humanity along the way to eternal peace and the union of the peoples of the Earth. To preserve the historical memory means to go deeply and purposefully towards achieving consensus in decision-making not only in the Council of Existential Security, but in the UN system as a whole. 2. The conditional (limited) veto is the veto of other permanent and non-permanent members of the Council of Existential Security, which comes into force if more than 50% of the responsible members of the global civil society have supported it on-line on the UN portal, namely, current members the World Organization "Earthlings Friends of the United Nations", as well as other members of UN-accredited organizations that recognize the goals and objectives of the United Nations and provide regular voluntary contributions in support of its activities ("individual existential contributions"). If any of the five permanent members of the Council applies the law of an unconditional veto, an indicative vote is taken on the UN portal online, but not legally binding. Thus, effective feedback is provided to the members of the Council of Existential Security with the global civil society, open public control over the adoption of fair justified decisions, and as a result, the level of legitimacy of the use of the veto is increased. When using the right of veto, the member country of the Council is obliged to submit an essential justification for its application with publication on the UN Internet portal. An analysis of the use of the veto by the permanent members of the UN Security Council over the past 27 years says that the veto is a constraining factor against destructive decisions and a powerful incentive to reach a consensus on the most complex problems of global and regional security. On the contrary, certain decisions of the UN Security Council, when some permanent members of the Council abstained from using the right of veto, led to regional existential catastrophes. As an example, the adoption of the UN Security Council Resolution No. 2375 of September 11, 2017, once again confirms that the veto right is not an obstacle to the rapid adoption of joint, important and effective decisions on the most complex issues of global security. Direct control over the use of the veto and the possibility of restrictions on the part of global civil society and the General all-Parliamentary Assembly (annual reports at the session of permanent and non-permanent members of the Council) promote the highest authority responsible for the safety of humanity, to a more reasonable its application, interested and fast finding a way to consensus. The key, basic principle of the work of the Council of Existential Security: comprehensive negotiations on eliminating the conflict at the highest level and only in extreme cases the application of sanctions and UN military force. Reform of the subsidiary bodies of the Security Council In order to improve the efficiency of the reformed Council of Existential Security in preventing global threats, preserving peace, conducting peacekeeping operations, in the fight of the international community against international terrorism, militant extremism in all its manifestations, the centralization of the management of subsidiary bodies of the Council of Existential Security, the General All-Parliamentary Assembly and the UN Secretariat is carried out with the expansion of their functions: The Military Staff Committee (MSC), the CounterTerrorism Committee (CTC), the Committee for the Prevention of the Spread of Nuclear, Chemical or Biological Weapons and their Means of Delivery, the Sanctions Committees and other committees to monitor the implementation of mandatory measures. Permanent representatives in the MSC and CTC from each member of the Council of Existential Security should be at the level of the first deputy chief of the general staff of the country and the first deputy head of the counterterrorism authority of each country. The heads of committees report directly to the Deputy Chairman of the Council on military-political and counter-terrorism issues. The structure of the Military Staff Committee includes the Department for MilitaryPolitical Affairs, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, the Department of Field Support (transferred from the structure of the UN Secretariat). The Counter-Terrorism Committee includes the Executive Directorate, the Sanctions Department with the Monitoring Teams, the Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force (transferred from the Department of Political Affairs of the UN Secretariat) and the Counter-Terrorism Center, with the corresponding expansion of managerial, analytical, coordination and enforcement functions. The Council of Existential Security monitors the subsidiary bodies in cooperation with regional international organizations to ensure comprehensive monitoring of potential conflict situations in different regions, and to provide the Council with the necessary information on its competence. Based on the decision of the General All-Parliamentary Assembly, on the recommendation of the Council of Existential Security, permanent contingents of UN peacekeeping and counterterrorist forces are being created. Formation of contingents of peacekeeping and counterterrorism contingents (composition, strength, location, time and region of action) are carried out on the basis of the decision of the Council of Existential Security on the recommendation of the Military Staff and Counter-Terrorism Committees. In the structure of the Council of Existential Security two additional Centers are additionally created: World Center for the Elimination of Consequences of Technogenic and Natural Disasters with branches on all continents, with a global notification system and the necessary amount of financial, human, material and technical resources; The World Center for the Analysis of Existential Risks and the General Security Strategy, which is the "think tank" for analyzing threats and risks for Mankind. The Center establishes partnerships with all independent research centers, foundations and institutes of the UN member states, prepares annual reports for the Council of Existential Security, the General AllParliamentary Assembly, organizes World conferences on existential threats and risks and reports to the Council. The Center develops a Program for the Study and Monitoring of Global Existential Threats and Risks, which is submitted for consideration and approval by the Council of Existenic Security. The Center includes a group of high-level consultants (the "The Сouncil of wise women and men"), which includes the most authoritative scientific experts in the field of studies of existential threats and risks. The Secretary General and the Secretariat of the United Nations The fundamental transformations of the General Assembly and the Security Council, the general processes of democratization in the world, the need for the most effective work of the entire UN system as the main body of global governance require raising the level of legitimacy and authority of the chief administrative official of the UN, the Secretary General. For this purpose, the Rules for the procedure for selecting and approving candidates for this position change. Each member country of the enlarged Council of Existential Security represents one of the most authoritative candidates for election to the post of Secretary General at the session of the All-Parliamentary Assembly, with the possibility of nominating candidates from other countries, including non-members of the Council. Elections are held in two rounds during one day of the Session of the Assembly. Each UN member country has one vote in the elections. Elections are secret with an ethical ban to conduct reconciliation between countries on candidatures. The UN media should fully cover the stages of nominating candidates and elections, the biographies of candidates should be fully represented on the UN portal in all official UN languages. Taking into account the dynamics of the modern era and in order to increase the efficiency of the work of the Secretary-General, the term of office is set at four years instead of five at present. The Secretary-General may be elected for no more than two terms. Upon assuming office, the Secretary-General takes the oath. The UN Charter should clearly define all its powers and functions. One of the most important functions should be the function of the main coordinator on Earth, who, on the basis of his authority, impartiality and integrity, takes the necessary measures to prevent the emergence, escalation of international disputes and regional conflicts. The Secretary General heads the entire process of UN reform, the constant improvement of its activities, primarily the structure of the Secretariat, its effective interaction with other UN bodies and organizations. Reform of the UN system of international courts The reform of the General Assembly and the Security Council, the dynamics of processes in international relations and global civil society in the context of the information and technological revolution require a profound, substantive reform of the United Nations judicial system with the aim of raising the level of its international legitimacy, observing the balance of law and justice in the relations of states, the faithful implementation by all countries of the UN Charter, international legal documents, improvement and clarification of their functions, competencies, spheres and volumes of jurisdictions: International Court of Justice, the Permanent Court of Arbitration, the International Criminal Court, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. The Legal Committee of the UN General Assembly considers all proposals for reforming the system of international courts of the United Nations, develops the Program as part of the General Program of Action on UN Reform, taking into account the previous international discussion and proposals on reform, defining the limits and terms of reform, which by consensus is adopted at a meeting of the Security Council, and then approved at a session of the UN General Assembly. In particular, the reform of the International Court of Justice should resolve the following problematic issues: jurisdiction and expansion of the circle of entities with access to the Court, simplification of access to certain procedures, the procedure for the trial, the role of the International Court of Justice in interpreting the UN Charter, the status of advisory opinions of the Court, as an appellate instance for international tribunals and courts, the practice of applying the Chambers of the Court, the timing of the process, the composition of the Court, the procedure for nominating candidates for the position of judges and selecting Judges whose terms of office of judges, the amount of the requirements for candidates for the post of judge, financing of the Court. Reform in the structure of ECOSOC and UNESCO In accordance with the Program of Action on the UN Reform for 2020-2025, the structure of the Economic and Social Council, the main leading and coordinating body of the United Nations responsible for promoting all aspects of sustainable development economic, social and environmental is being reformed. The structure of ECOSOC includes 30 functional and regional commissions, standing committees, expert and other subsidiary bodies. ECOSOC is the platform for partnership with the United Nations for more than 3,200 registered nongovernmental organizations. The central task of the reform is to strengthen the coordinating role of ECOSOC in the whole system of the UN specialized agencies, funds and programs related to the Council, which are separate organizations with their membership, budgets and headquarters, as well as civil society. One of the most important UN agencies is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), which has a significant impact on the formation of a stable world order, the achievement of the goals of national and global sustainable development, the solution of national and general problems of Mankind in the field of education, science, culture , economic and social development. The main objectives of the Program of Action for the Reform of UNESCO are: continuation of the process of decentralization, expansion of the cluster and national offices system; Increasing the provision of assistance to countries in the field of development, maternity and childhood assistance, in solving demographic problems; expansion of the network of scientific centers, universities, UNESCO Chairs and associated schools, libraries, museums, creative associations around the world; expansion of assistance programs for countries in post-conflict situations or affected by natural disasters; expansion of the Education for All Program and the initiation of the New Age of the Enlightenment of the 21st century with the aim of deepening the intellectual and moral solidarity of Humanity in every way, fostering tolerance and respect for law, mutual understanding, justice, dialogue, building a culture of peace, combating poverty, hunger, disease, inequality both between states and within individual countries, gender equality; stepping up work with the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs for building a world free of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction; The UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning, in conjunction with the ministries of education of the Member States of UNESCO, to improve the "Philosophy for Children" and "Ethics for Children" programs for each country. taking into account national and cultural traditions, and then recommend their inclusion in the pilot programs of school education and preschool education of children; inclusion in the Rules of Procedure as a mandatory requirement of consensus in the adoption of resolutions on important cultural and political issues for UNESCO's Member States in order to prevent political conflicts between countries and UNESCO; development and dissemination of experience in decision-making and resolutions in the UNESCO system through consensus across the UN system; improvement of work with personnel; activation of information support for the activities of UNESCO structures, maximum openness to global civil society, improvement of the work of UNESCO's official site and UNESCO sites using all official languages of the United Nations; - increase in the budget and extra-budgetary funding for the expanded program at least twice, including measures to increase the funding from donors and civil society. Financing of the UN activities The UN reform includes the solution of the problem of financing its activities. A unified "UN Open Budget" Solidarity XXI" is being created, including the financing of peacekeeping operations, the financing of UN tribunals and other expenses. It is formed by the General AllParliamentary Assembly for every 2 fiscal years. Each country, a member of the United Nations, lists an annual existential contribution in due time the "Mother Earth Tax". The size of the existential contribution for each UN member country is established by the "steps of the existential ladder", consisting of four scales of calculation. Scale of calculation I for 5 permanent members of the Council of Existential Security (CES), having the right of unconditional (absolute) veto. Scale of calculation II for the permanent members of the CES, who have the right of a conditional (limited) veto. Scale of calculation III for non-permanent members of the CES, who have the right to a conditional (limited) veto. Scale of calculation IV for all other members of the United Nations. The scales are established based on the coefficients that take into account for each country: a) the value of the gross domestic product calculated at purchasing power parity; b) the total volume of the country's emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere; c) the amount of expenses for the production of all types of weapons; d) volumes of arms exports and imports. Scales of calculations I-III establish the minimum and maximum amount of an existential contribution. Scales of calculation are established for the period of two years. Scales are established from the condition that permanent and non-permanent members of the Council of Existential Security form up to 85% of the UN's unified budget. The rest of the budget is formed from the contributions of all other UN member countries. In addition to funding UN programs, the UN Goodwill Fund is formed, which includes additional voluntary contributions from UN member countries, citizens of all countries and organizations that support the goals and objectives of the UN. Scales of calculation, the minimum and maximum threshold of the existential contribution is established in such a way that the unified budget of the UN rose by 2022 at least twice as compared to the current general budget. Expenditures of the UN budget, the UN Voluntary Fund and other UN funds included in its system are presented in a constant mode of replenishment and use on the UN portal for their monitoring by the countries that payers and voluntary donors. The final annual reports are presented at the meeting of the Council of Existential Security and at the session of the General All-Parliamentary Assembly. Based on the decision of the General All-Parliamentary Assembly, necessary changes are made to the Procedure for calculating the UN budget, the stages of its harmonization, approval and operational change, taking into account the implementation of all programs, including emergency ones, ensuring the ongoing financial stability of all UN organizations. Staffing of the UN structure To create a modern international civil service system, the UN Reform Action Program provides for transparency in the work of the International Civil Service Commission (ICSC), with the involvement of the UN media, on the basis of the recommendations presented in the report of the Joint Inspection Unit of the United Nations "Staff recruitment in United Nations system organizations: a comparative analysis and benchmarking framework"(2012). Analysis of the UN Internet portal indicates the need for greater openness of all personnel work: all permanent UN employees should be represented on the UN Internet portal, including a photo and a brief biography. The process of recruitment. especially senior staff, should also be widely covered in the UN media. The mechanism for monitoring personnel, finances and combating corruption in the UN structure In order to strengthen control functions in the sphere of personnel policy, administrative and financial management, the General All-Parliamentary Assembly of the United Nations establishes the Permanent Commission on Ethics and Administrative and Financial Control, which includes the Ethics Committee, the Committee for Personnel and Administrative Matters, the Audit Operations Committee . All members of the Commission, members of the Committees and auditors are independent in their activities from the leadership of the United Nations, its funds and programs and work on contracts on a competitive basis for a period of two years with the possibility of renewal. The Standing Commission is headed by the High Commissioner, who has two deputies, whose candidacies are approved at a session of the General All-Parliamentary Assembly. The posts of a member of the Standing Commission, members of the Committees, auditors, experts and professionals should be incompatible with any other service, responsibilities, powers or participation in the work of any United Nations body, its funds and programs. The Commission cooperates on a regular basis with the Office of Internal Oversight Services, the Joint Inspection Unit of the United Nations, as well as with other internal audit services of the United Nations system. The work of the Commission and its units should be widely represented on the Internet portal and in the UN media in all official languages. Development of the system "UN Volunteers" The "road map" of the UN reform of the first stage should also include a set of measures to create a more powerful, clear and open system of "UN Volunteers", operating on the basis of a revised Program for modern conditions with a significant expansion of its field of activity, full information support. Common international language After the world discussion in 2025, the General All-Parliamentary Assembly approves Esperanto as the common language of international communication and the official language of the United Nations. Relocation of the central governing bodies of the United Nations In order to improve the effectiveness of the work of the central UN governing bodies in the face of ever-increasing existential risks, to reduce the running costs for maintaining UN central bodies and taking into account all the experience of the central bodies of the UN and the League of Nations, on the basis of a joint decision of the Council of Existential Security and the General All-Parliamentary Assembly realizes the relocation of the UN headquarters to Iceland. Iceland is the "World Energy University", a great place for deep reflection, new ideas and consensus building on the most pressing problems of our time. The decision to relocate is made after agreement with the government and parliament of Iceland on the basis of the referendum of the people of Iceland. The complex of UN buildings in New York, where representatives of almost all world cultures live, is transferred to the preferential use of global non-governmental organizations whose goal is the creation of a sustainable, democratic world, the conservation of Nature and Humanity, as well as for the conduct of worldwide social, economic, scientific, philosophical , environmental congresses, forums on existential threats and risks, human rights and civil society. With the assistance of the United Nations and with the financial support of the UN Democracy Fund, the World Center for People's Diplomacy (the World Center for the Peoples of the Earth) is being established. Its goal is the all-round development of people's diplomacy, the promotion of ideas for the attainment of eternal peace and the union of peoples. Special attention of the UN structure should be paid to the formation and all-round development of youth movements of people's diplomacy, which support the goals and tasks of the UN. Organization of work on UN reform The United Nations Chief Executives Board for Coordination is the organizational center for UN reform at all its stages. The composition of the Center includes the heads of all the main organs and organizations of the United Nations, including heads of specialized councils and main committees of the General Assembly. The Coordinating Council of Heads is headed alternately by the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the President of the General Assembly. The Coordination Council has all bodies to guide the reform in all areas: the High-level Committee on Programs, the High-level Committee on Management and the United Nations Development Group. The Coordinating Council organizes the entire volume of work on the stages of the reform, preliminary analyzing ideas and proposals from governments and parliaments of UN member countries, organizations of global civil society and active citizens of all countries, and then develops the General Program of Action on UN Reform. The UN portal conducts its open discussion, and then the Coordination Council submits it to the Security Council for consideration and further approval by the UN General Assembly. In view of the forthcoming reform of the UN, it is necessary to intensify and make the work of the Coordinating Council and its Committees more open: meetings held 4 times a year, and with the beginning of the reform once a month. The UN media should fully cover the work of the Coordinating Council, and its final documents should be published in all official languages on the UN portal in a timely manner. The Statute of the UN Chief Executives Board of Coordination assigns to it and its committees the function of constant monitoring, searching and analyzing ideas and developing proposals for improving the activities of the entire UN system, both at all stages of the implementation of the General Program of Action for UN Reform and after its completion. To this end, the Coordination Council organize international scientific conferences and symposiums with the participation of representatives of governments, parliaments of UN member countries, organizations of global civil society, universities, research centers, funds and institutions. The second stage of the UN reform (2026-2028) At the second stage, additional necessary transformations are carried out in all organs and organizations of the UN system. At the end of the first stage of the reform, taking into account the reforms carried out by the main organs of the United Nations and the internal improvement of the work of all its structures (functions, personnel, administrative and financial control), the Program of Action on UN Reform for 2026-2028 is being developed. The program should include activities to deepen and complete the improvement of the activities of all structures of the UN system. Just as in the preliminary stage, the Coordinating Council of UN Heads conducts, at the end of the first stage in 2023-2025, an analysis of ideas and proposals from UN member countries, organizations of the global civil society and active citizens of all countries. Thoughts about the future 2 September 2025, Iceland Evolution is the growth of consciousness. The growth of consciousness is an action towards unity. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin 80 years after the end of World War II .... The new "City of the United Nations." The first meeting of the Existential Security Council in the new building of the UN headquarters with the participation of the heads of state and government of the member countries of the Council the Small Summit of the Earth. The Chairman of the Council opens the meeting and announces a "Minute of Silence" in memory of all victims of the Second World War. Sounds Egmont Overture of the great Ludwig van Beethoven. On the big screen we, earthlings, all together in flight from the space station, see our beautiful, single, eternal Mother Earth day and night. (**) The Chairman of the Council continues the meeting. There are three questions in the Agenda: I. Comprehensive Program of World Disarmament for 2026-2030. II. Convention on the dissolution of military alliances and blocs on Earth. III. On the elections of the Korean Confederation to the permanent members of the Council for Existential Security. After a one-day discussion in the evening at the UN Center in accordance with the Cultural Program for Delegations, a demonstration of the film "The Sacrifice" by Andrei Tarkovsky from the broadcasts of UN television to the whole world ... At the next morning meeting, all three issues are adopted by consensus by all 29 members of the Council of Existential Security and are sent for discussion and approval by the General AllParliamentary Assembly. We, Earthlings, observe, experience and comprehend the emergence of a new era of the everevolving United Nations of the Earth - "UN 3.0", the formation of the United Humanity, the union of peoples, the eternal peace. *YouTube/The Man Who Saved The World | PBS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=453PEldRoIE **YouTube / Documentary Tube / Earth From Space https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4IhCSMkADc&index=11&list=FLTAAJTuBZSNWG96hd rzQ6bQ