Augusto, Luis M. (in progress). Logic in knowledge representation and reasoning: Central topics via readings. Logic has been a-disputed-ingredient in the emergence and development of the now very large field known as knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR). In this book (in progress), I select some central topics in this highly fruitful, albeit controversial, association (e.g., non-monotonic reasoning, implicit belief and logical omniscience, reasoning temporally), identifying their sources and analyzing/explaining their elaboration in highly influential published work. Below, the tentative structure and corresponding readings. (Comments welcome: luis.ml.augusto at gmail.com) PART 1: Preand protohistory Prehistory: Logical Machines Leibniz Lovelace (1843) Peirce (1887) McCulloch & Pitts (1941) Newell & Simon (1956) Protohistory: Commonsense reasoning McCarthy (1959) PART 2: Main developments Symbols, general intelligence, & knowledge Newell & Simon (1963) Newell & Simon (1976) Newell (1980, 1981) 1 Default and non-monotonic reasoning Reiter (1980) McDermott & Doyle (1980) McCarthy (1980) Reasoning under uncertainty Belnap (1977) Zadeh (1989) Nilsson (1986) Reasoning about domains Brachman & Schmolze (1985) Reasoning temporally McDermott (1982) Inductive reasoning Muggleton & De Raedt (1984) PART 3: Facing up to the problems The frame problem McCarthy & Hayes (1969) Minsky (1974) Epistemological and other philosophical problems McCarthy & Hayes (1969) McCarthy (1977) 2 The logical-omniscience problem The logical-omniscience problem Hintikka (1962) Hocutt (1972) Levesque (1984) Fagin & Halpern (1988) The computational costs of logic in KRR Cook (1971) Levesque & Brachman (1987) 3 Bibliography Belnap, N. D. (1977). A useful four-valued logic. In J. M. Dunn & G. Epstein (eds.), Modern uses of multiple-valued logic (pp. 8-37). Dordrecht: Reidel. Brachman, R. J. & Schmolze, J. G. (1985). An overview of the KL-ONE knowledge representation system. Cognitive Science, 9, 171-216. Cook, S. A. (1971). The complexity of theorem proving procedures. Proceedings of the 3rd Annual ACM Symposium of Theory of Computing, 151-158. Fagin, R. & Halpern, J. Y. (1988). Belief, awareness, and limited reasoning. Artificial Intelligence, 34, 39-76. Hintikka, J. (1962). Knowledge and belief: An introduction to the logic of the two notions. Cornell: Cornell University Press. Hocutt, M. O. (1972). Is epistemic logic possible? Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 4, 433-453. Levesque, H. J. (1984). A logic of implicit and explicit belief. AAAI-84 Proceedings, 198-202. Levesque, H. J. & Brachman, R. J. (1987). Expressiveness and tractability in knowledge representation and reasoning. Computational Intelligence, 3, 78-93. Lovelace, A. (1843). Notes on L. Menabrea's "Sketch of the Analytical Engine invented by Charles Babbage, Esq." Taylor's Scientific Memoirs, vol. 3. London: J. E. & R. Taylor. McCarthy, J. (1959). Programs with common sense. Proceedings of the Symposium on Mechanization of Thought Processes, 77-84. McCarthy, J. (1977). Epistemological problems of artificial intelligence. IJCAI'77: Proceedings of the 5th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2, 1038-1044. 4 McCarthy, J. (1980). Circumscription – A form of nonmonotonic reasoning. Artificial Intelligence, 13, 27-39. McCarthy, J. & Hayes, P. (1969). Some philosophical problems from the standpoint of artificial intelligence. In B. Meltzer & D. Michie (eds.), Machine Intelligence (pp. 463–502), Edinburg: Edinburg University Press. McCulloch, W. S. & Pitts, W. (1943). A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 5, 115-133. McDermott, D. (1982). A temporal logic for reasoning about processes and plans. Cognitive Science, 6, 101-155. McDermott, D. & Doyle, J. (1980). Non-monotonic logic I. Artificial Intelligence, 13, 41-72. Minsky, M. (1974). A framework for representing knowledge. Report AIM, 306, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT. Muggleton, S. & De Raedt, L. (1994). Inductive logic programming: Theory and methods. Journal of Logic Programming, 20, 629-679. Newell, A. (1980). Physical symbol systems. Cognitive Science, 4, 135-183. Newell, A. (1981). The knowledge level. AI Magazine, Newell, A. & Simon, H. A. (1956). The Logic Theory machine: A complex information processing system. The Rand Corporation. Newell, A. & Simon, H. A. (1961). GPS, a program that simulates human thought. In H. Billing (ed.), Lernende Automaten (pp. 109-124), Munich: R. Oldenbourg. Newell, A. & Simon, H. A. (1976). Computer science as empirical inquiry: Symbols and search. Communications of the ACM, 19, 113-126. Nilsson, N. J. (1986). Probabilistic logic. Artificial Intelligence, 28, 71-87. Peirce, C. S. (1887). Logical machines. American Journal of Psychology, 1, 165-170. Reiter, R. (1980). A logic for default reasoning. Artificial Intelligence, 13, 81-132. Zadeh, L. A. (1989). Knowledge representation in fuzzy logic. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 1, 89-100. Last updated: August 6th, 2020