To be able to account for the human experience of reason and embodiment we need the dimension of the other. Levinas provides us with this dimension. We have evidence to demonstrate that reason is plural and that a pluralistic reason works. A pluralistic reason shows how diversity is strength rather than a threat. In Levinas, we see how ethical concerns bring us to metaphysical exteriority, where the orthodox opposition between theory and practice evaporates in the face of a metaphysical transcendence (...) that establishes the “absolutely other” as truth. The theoretical exercise of thought does not monopolize transcendence any longer. We do not have an intellectual knowledge or comprehension of the Other; rather, through the phenomena of language, desire, and concern for justice the Other challenges and calls our self-complacency into question. This activity of the Other holds our excesses in check, calls us to order, and so founds reason. True, one’s relation with the Other, who questions the “brutal spontaneity” of one’s egoistic behaviours, initiates within one a new experience of oneself (Levinas, 1969, 203). Yet this response to one’s irresponsible and irrational freedom halts violence and irrationality, and, in so doing also, “founds Reason.” The totalizing thinking aims at absorbing all Otherness into its total system of harmony and order. It intends to have a general knowledge of the Other and of everything in order to put them into one of its categories and to give them a place in its egocentric world. It aims at categorizing with a view to manipulating (Levinas, 1969, 12-18). To reject the self-centered totalizing project of systematic metaphysics is not to break with systematic/orderly thinking or to break with rationalism. It is instead to be authentically rational. Levinas shows that though the Other is other than we are, he does not negate us, as Hegel and his proponents would have us believe. Levinas’s middle way proffers us an Other-regarding solution that values and respects the Other in our behaviour, thought, and speech. This way of thinking rejects the traditional idea that reason has no plural. (shrink)

The research concerns the formation of new identity models and value orientations under the influence of digital technologies. This article distinguishes two fields of digital technology use: organization of everyday life and formation of digital identity. Moreover, the object of the research is the formation of digital identity. Based on the content analysis of social networks, two models of digital identity are differentiated: positive and negative digital “Selves”, which compose a transformable digital identity. A point of view is put forward (...) that under the influence of the above-mentioned analysis, new value orientations are formed, which are not universal, but transformable. (shrink)

This paper was born from the researcher’s inquisitiveness in prying into such discourses in the Bible that seem to pose so much philosophical concern, which has led to many psychological semantic and theological arguments in the scholastic realm of beliefs. The purpose of delving into this area, then, is in view to demystify the accurate meaning of the response of Jesus Christ when he said, “I never knew you,” thus helping young preachers of the word and, indeed, scholars avert possible (...) future misapplication of the passage and to further recommend to the contemporary Christians the possible ways of averting such scenario in the imminent post-generational judgment and reign of the Lord. The researcher keenly used the best articulate methods for arriving at the preconceived goal, so the study utilized the descriptive exegetical method via historical-grammatical and lexical syntactical tools to analyze the verses of the text. Fantastic discoveries were realized, which assert that what they claimed intimacy with Christ is just what He repudiates and with a certain scornful dignity. This means then that his acquaintance with the impostors was not broken off- but they have never at any point in time known the Lord via belief, confession, repentance, and salvation. This heightened the researcher’s curiosity, culminating in suggesting some physical, social, spiritual, and ethical implications for contemporary Christians. Finally, the researcher recommended that contemporary Christians must not allow themselves to be overdriven with a fervent passion for miraculous works, prophecies, and demonic exorcisms that outweigh the central focus befitting called people of God that will witness to the redemptive work of Christ. Keywords: Philosophy, Apocalyptic Implication, Contemporary Christians, Judgment, Ginōskō, Implication, Jesus Christ, Jugdment, Eternity, Lord, Salvation. Title: A Denotations of Ginōskō (Γivωσkω) in Matthew 7:21-23 and Its Apocalyptic Implications for the Contemporary Christians Author: Victor Umaru International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH) ISSN 2349-7831 Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2023 - September 2023 Page No: 192-202. (shrink)

Linguistic or discursive turns are the innovative changes in relation to language and philosophy; they focus mainly on the linguistic landmarks and remarkable changes that leave indelible marks in linguistic circle and other humanities in relation to language, its uses and the society at large. Flourished in the Western Philosophy of the 20th century, linguistic turns spun through all fields of human language, philosophy and politics. The dynamic turns at the syntactic, semantics, phonological, morphological and at all levels of human (...) language, their uses and interactions with other fields of human endeavors had unprecedented imprints in relation to language and philosophy. This research focuses on the ineradicable marks of Chomskyian Transformational Generative Grammar (TGG); and student’s attitude towards the teaching and learning of its phrase structure rules, transformational rules, morphophonemic rules, context-free rules, context sensitive rules, etc. Convenience Sampling Technique was adopted for data collection and this entails the random selection of students who constituted a focus group. A focus group of 200 and 400 level students of Mountain Top University in Ogun State, Nigeria, was used to elicit information on students’ attitude towards TGG. Data were analyzed using Chomsky’s Phrase Structure rule, Transformational rule and Roman Jacobson’s Theory of Communication. One of the major findings was that students were always irritated once TGG teaching was done. They explained that the approach is complex and burdening; and wished that a course that has anything to do with Chomsky’s generative grammars should not be introduced or if taught already, should be removed from the curriculum. This paper concludes that since TGG is very necessary (especially) in linguistic history, teachers should encourage the students to develop possible attitudes towards the grammar in question and adopt a simplified method of teaching it so that students can benefit maximally from it. (shrink)

The philosophy of education is a pioneering work, unique in amplitude and consistency, without precedent in our specialized literature, at least in the last five decades. The topics addressed are essential, fundamental for the present and the future of education. They are at the center of policies, research and reflections on the national and international destiny of education. The book manages to reconfigure the specificity of the philosophy of education as an academic discipline, to reconsider its position in relation to (...) the educational sciences. (shrink)

This comprehensive qualitative literature study examines the profound impact of Auguste Comte's philosophy on the evolution of knowledge, specifically focusing on the analysis of philosophical perspectives regarding the classification of science. Through a systematic and critical analysis of diverse and reputable sources, this study explores Comte's thoughts and ideas, employing a philosophical approach to understand the influence of his philosophy on the organization and development of scientific knowledge. The findings highlight the hierarchical classification of science proposed by Comte, emphasizing the (...) interdependence of scientific disciplines and the role of philosophy in synthesizing knowledge. The study contributes to our understanding of Comte's contributions and their implications for the evolution of knowledge. (shrink)

This article aims to reconstruct the discourse of Ernesto Castro on speculative realism connecting it to the role of irony in the philosophical matter. Irony is shown to play an ambiguous role in the history of thought parting from the figure of Socrate and arriving to contemporary speculative philosophers. The differences between postmodern thought and realistic one in the way to treat irony are explicated. The author also makes an attempt to state the key points of the debates within speculative (...) thought and to outline Castro’s position in relation to them. Review of: Ernesto Castro, Realismo poscontinental: ontología y epistemología para el siglo XXI (Segovia: Materia Oscura, 2020). (shrink)

Girish Karnad is one of the most prominent Indian dramatists of contemporary Indian Drama. His plays are truly a critique of modern Indian society but his major aim is the exploitation of human relationships and psychology. What is unique about Karnad is his use of history and myth, the juxtaposition of the past and present and various innovations that he has brought into modern Indian Drama. Girish Karnad reworks on the actual myth and adds contemporary attachments with it. Karnad modifies (...) the myth in a way to suit his own plot. And this myth was transformed to reflect the contemporary society. Hermeneutics is the study of the philosophy of understanding and interpreting. Depth or Negative hermeneutics goes below the waking consciousness. Karnad has taken the plot of the play Yayati from Adiparva myth of Mahabharata in which Yayati was cursed by Shukracharya (Devayani’s father) for his relationship with Sharmistha of premature old age. Sharmistha’s son Puru rescues Yayati from the curse. Yayati is a play on theme of responsibility but Yayati himself is not ready to shoulder his responsibility. All the characters resemble the modern race of selfish, immoral and thankless individuals who constitute the majority in contemporary society. (shrink)

There is very little information about Berdak's life and work. We can learn the most important information about the poet from his works. The article talks about Berdak's position on life philosophies in this regard, as well as his inspiration.

History of Iran has deep links with Shahnameh and Persian literature. In fact, it is not possible to talk about Iran as a rich culture and disregard Persian literature and brilliant works of Persian literature. According to most scholars in the field of literature and culture, Iranians have been people of wisdom, thought, and philosophy. Ferdowsi and Nasser Khusraw hold a special place in this regard because we are faced with ethical, philosophical, and religious ideas in the works of both (...) poets. Different effects of the Iranian Wisdom are presented in their poems; the effects include ethics, philosophy, logic, medicine, music, determinism and free will, fate, arithmetic and geometry, astronomy etc. Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh and Nasser Khusraw’s Book of Poems are sublime manifestation of ideological and philosophical ideas of Iranians. Apart from the similarities and differences, Ferdowsi and Nasser Khusraw’s poems represent praise of wisdom, God, and human freedom as basic elements in the ontology of Persian culture. Hence, in addition to understanding and explanation of Ferdowsi, Nasser Khusraw’s day and age, and the importance of these two poets in Iran's development of wisdom and philosophical thought, this research tries to describe their similarities and differences in ideological and philosophical subjects. (shrink)

This article aims to reconstruct the discourse of Ernesto Castro on speculative realism connecting it to the role of irony in the philosophical matter. Irony is shown to play an ambiguous role in the history of thought parting from the figure of Socrate and arriving to contemporary speculative philosophers. The differences between postmodern thought and realistic one in the way to treat irony are explicated. The author also makes an attempt to state the key points of the debates within speculative (...) thought and to outline Castro’s position in relation to them. Review of: Ernesto Castro, Realismo poscontinental: ontología y epistemología para el siglo XXI (Segovia: Materia Oscura, 2020). (shrink)

Herculaneum papyri found during the discovery of the Villa dei Papiri in the XVIII century are our only knowledge about Greek philosophical schools. Unfortunately, the original manuscripts are in a precarious state of conservation and the currently available editions of them have largely been made obsolete by the latest technological progress. The aim of the Advanced Grant ERC project ‘Greekschools’ is to provide a new protocol based on optical methods to increase the text reading and thus allow for a new (...) critical edition of the whole treatise of Philodemus’ "Arrangement of the Philosophers". A multi-disciplinary approach is adopted and non-invasive techniques to Herculaneum papyri investigations such as Macro X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging (MA-XRF), Shortwave-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging (SWIR), high resolution digital microscopy and Technical Photography were applied to read the text hidden on the verso, detect, classify, and replace overlapping layers and read the text concealed inside them. In this work some first preliminary results will be reported. (shrink)

Humanity needs a way to pool scientific community opinion quickly and efficiently on a given statement of interest. This should be on a very large scale, such that one can have confidence that the result reflects international scientific opinion. For this pilot project (2022-23), we developed tailored architecture in the form of a novel polling platform, to survey a network of scientists at 30 academic institutions around the world. Personal, one-to-one emails were sent to all relevant scientists at those institutions, (...) asking them for their position on our pilot statement, "Science has put it beyond reasonable doubt that COVID-19 is caused by a virus." Scientists answered by clicking a URL embedded in the email, and confirming their response on a 5-point Likert scale. Voting was anonymous, with the token linking the scientist to their vote being destroyed upon voting, and their response logged against the demographics of scientific field of expertise (broadly construed) and institution for subsequent data analysis. (shrink)

A transcription and translation of Hermann Hankel's 1867 Vorlesungen über die complexen Zahlen und ihre Functionen, I. Theil: Theorie der Complexen Zahlensysteme, a textbook on complex analysis that played an important role in the transition to modern mathematics in nineteenth century Germany.

ABSTRACT The goal of education in modern times is broader than it was in preliterate communities. Education currently influences politics, society, family, and the economy, among other things. Education must evolve in tandem with society, which is continuously changing and evolving. In the Nigerian context, professionals both at home and abroad have voiced great worry about the incoherence or inadequacies of the country's education system, particularly at the college, polytechnic, and university levels. Youth between the ages of 18 and 30 (...) years are commonly implicated in numerous crimes that contribute to insecurity. This paper applied a theoretical approach to periscope the multi-layered challenges of insecurity in Nigeria, particularly as these challenges impact the Nigerian nation's educational trajectory with its associated negative consequences for Nigerian youth in particular and the country's future in general. The paper also examined various literature materials to evaluate the results of previous publications on the topic under review, and thus recommended that government at all levels and stakeholders in Nigeria's education industry be more retrospective, introspective and proactive on issues of national security in order to arrest the negative drift that is currently affecting Nigeria's educational projections. Keywords: Education, Insecurity, Philosophy and National Development. (shrink)

ABSTRACT Development is assumed to be a predictor of whether or not a country is developing. Despite its multitude of people, natural, and material resources, a critical examination of Nigeria's developmental projections indicates that the country has failed to meet the aspirations of its population. The goal of this research was to identify Nigeria's development problems. This paper used a qualitative research approach and textual analysis to argue that there still exist a wide gap in Nigeria’s efforts to promote development (...) because of various existential problems that has continued to present significant dangers to her development. These setbacks include, among others, include lack of adequate human resources to pursue and fulfill Nigeria’s developmental plans and policies, corruption, and a lack of visionary administration. This paper concluded that if some of these identified impediments are addressed, Nigeria will experience national development. (shrink)

Knowledge is the core of education, and different epistemological perspectives have significant implications for educational frameworks. In China, two major perspectives that have influenced education are mechanistic materialism epistemology and constructivist epistemology. The former asserts that knowledge originates solely from object stimuli on subjects, thereby possessing objectivity, purity, uniqueness, and truth. The latter argues that knowledge emerges from the interaction between subjects and objects mediated by activities (practice), with subjects playing a decisive role in the process of understanding. Thus, knowledge (...) not only has objectivity but also subjectivity and contextuality. It is acquired and innate, individual and social, relative and absolute. The subversion of mechanistic materialism epistemology by constructivist epistemology has led to the reconstruction of educational perspectives, providing significant impetus for educational reforms, particularly in innovative education. (shrink)

This article presents a scholarly debate on the main paradigms discussed by researchers and explored in the epistemological landscape of social and management sciences from which a researcher can draw inspiration to position his/her epistemological status, namely: positivism, constructivism, and interpretivism. Positivism is a paradigm based on a rigorous scientific approach to understand the world. Researchers who adhere to this paradigm attempt to establish universal laws that explain social phenomena. Constructivism, on the other hand, assumes that reality is constructed by (...) individuals through their social interaction. Researchers adhering to this paradigm seek to understand how individuals make sense of their social environment. Finally, interpretivism is a paradigm that relies on interpreting individuals’ meanings and motivations in order to understand their behaviors. Researchers adhering to this paradigm seek to understand how individuals perceive their social environment and how it influences their behaviors. These paradigms serve as a reference point for researchers to position their epistemological status. They also aim to derive a certain type of reasoning that a researcher chooses to defend his or her thesis, accompanied by an appropriate research methodology to carry out a good construction of knowledge on which a research project can be based. In other words, the article aims to help researchers justify and prove the scientific validity of their research. (shrink)

25B 41 July 2023 IJABMS Medical Journal Research Article 15 HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS.

The article considers the changes taking place in the sphere of humanitarian cognition in connection with the spread of modern media. These transformations are based, first of all, on a new image of man, formulated in philosophical and interdisciplinary discussions. The analysis of the phenomenon of "digital humanities" reveals the main directions of modern epistemological and methodological research.

One of the main features in the process of studying in upper classes of general secondary education is the rapid formation of the student's personality. Consistency and continuity in the approach to values will expand their achievements and influence. This leads to look at the events at the level of value and depreciation. In this approach, the importance of value emerges. A value-based approach to teaching students in general secondary education institutions is also one of the main principles. This article (...) served to illuminate the mechanisms of using value approaches in forming the spirituality and objective worldview of students of general secondary schools. (shrink)

We present our Special and General Epigenetic Theories of Astrology based both on the most recent genetic research and on authors Ptolemy, Sahl, Ezra, Selva, and Weiss. Key words: astrology; natal horoscope; epigenetics; genetics; DNA; methylation; environment; human development; thought experiment; determinism; free will; quantum indeterminacy; controlled variables; independent variable; dependent variable; general and special epigenetic theories of astrology; Cicero, Ptolemy, Ezra, Sahl, Morinus, Selva, Weiss.

Agnotology is the study of culturally and socially constructed ignorance. This paper seeks to marry the emerging field of agnotology with the institutions and mechanisms of politics by providing analyses of political ignorance focusing on a theoretical framework built on agnotological practices. As the political landscape becomes increasingly more beleaguered with misinformation, an understanding on how gaps in political knowledge are created, incentivized, and maintained can provide insights on how to move remedial ideas of misinformation from theory to praxis. The (...) recognition of ignorance as a tool of power, particularly in areas like business, governance, and politics, has raised concerns about its impact on democracy. Agnotology plays a significant role in shaping political culture and has profound effects on public opinion, discourse, and democratic engagement, which are threatened by information manipulation and fake news. Understanding the historical and contemporary instances of ignorance production can provide insights into diagnosing, predicting, and addressing the epistemic challenges faced by modern democracy. Case studies involving political philosophy, public health, sociology, trans health, pharmaceutical operations, business, the presidency, and nuclear epistemology are used to inform the analysis. (shrink)

This paper examines the potential universality of the European Declaration of Digital Rights, which was proposed to protect fundamental rights within the European Union. The investigation provides insights regarding the status of the Declaration as a position statement with a limited binding character, although it could serve as a reference point for future legislation at various levels. Digital Rights (DR) have the character of general principles, and the challenge in implementing them is the question of enforceability. The paper also considers (...) universality in its philosophical, social, ethical, and legal dimensions. Cultural and contextual differences present a challenge to establishing a globally accepted and similarly interpreted set of fundamental rights. Moreover, social values and familiarity with technologies may highly influence social opinion. Additionally, the interpretation of ethical principles varies across different societies, for whom the question of DR is not uniformly relevant or urgent. Legitimacy is a crucial factor in universality, and Peter Wahlgren’s model provides a useful analytical framework that includes political, legal, cultural, functional, and internal rationalities that are crucial facets of legitimacy. The paper suggests two paths for future discussions of universality in DR: a normative approach that focuses on identifying fundamental and universal values, and an empirical approach that seeks values that are widely accepted and uses them as criteria for universality. (shrink)

Mary Ann Evans, known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist, poet, journalist, translator, and one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. Her primary focus on character analysis from a moral perspective that raised the bar for character development. She firmly holds that a human character is not carved out of stone but rather develops with time. Her main characters have changed from egoism and moral blindness to rigid morality and vision, according to a historical (...) analysis of her writings. The protagonists of her stories tend to be the ones who are open to this beneficial development. George Eliot criticised the moral shortcomings of the main characters in Adam Bede. The extreme moral rigidity and lack of empathy displayed by Adam Bede do not find any support, while Hetty Sorrel and Aubrey Donnithorne's moral weakness in the form of temptation, falsehood, licentiousness, narcissism, and unrestrained, reckless living is denounced. Eliot seeks to convey the moral core of her work through the character of Dinah Morris. Eliot has a unique quality to make her characters faultless and magnificent. (shrink)

This work studies the assembling of the education network in the Real Audiencia de Quito (RAQ) from 1534 to 1788, emphasising teaching and production of philosophy. The so- called ‘rhizomatic method’ – following Deleuze and Guattari – is applied to specialised scholarship and archival sources from Quito, Madrid, and Seville, in order to underline the relationship between education, philosophy, and deterritorialisation. Colonial society resembled more a rhizome than a monocentric hierarchical structure, and among its main actants were religious orders and (...) their educational institutions. Thus, convents, colegios, universidades, friars, professors, manuscripts, and documents from Franciscans, Dominicans, Augustinians, and Jesuits, are analysed to evidence that RAQ was not a marginalised jurisdiction within the Spanish empire, but an active and interconnected centre of knowledge production. Regarding philosophy, renowned works and little-studied manuscripts of Quitense professors were reviewed, so that is possible to suggest that the long- lasting Aristotelian-Thomist tradition was prevalent in Quito until late eighteenth century when a modern renewal was possible due to circulation of scientists, religious, books, and ideas. The work conclusion is that RAQ and its actants were characterised by being unstable, conflictive, and heterogenous, and for being guided by a desire of continuous territorial expansion, conditions from which the educational network and its philosophical instruction were not exempt. (shrink)

Ever since man began to think, he has been trying to concentrate his mind's energy. Siddhas are those who concentrate their energy inwardly and see the Lord within themselves and merge with it. Siddhas know the tricks of the Transformation of souls. They are those who do the siddhis that make the soil into gold, who chanted lofty ideas like life is an illusion, alchemy, raja yoga and high philosophy to merge with the only Lord Shiva. There are eighteen siddhars (...) in Tamil Nadu. More others also existed and yet living now in the modern world. The Siddha Gurus who live and the ancient ones in Tamil Nadu have laid down the four principles of medicine, argumentation, yoga and wisdom. They sang uplifting and meaningful philosophies for the betterment of people. This paper is about the way poet Gnanakoothan deals with Siddhas' philosophical ideas in his poetry. (shrink)

A protocol of a systematic review of philosophical work on mental pain.

Educational Data Mining (EDM) has shown interesting scientific results lately. However, little has been discussed about philosophical questions regarding the type of knowledge produced in this area. Bispo Jr. (2019) presented two epistemological issues that emerged from EDM research. This paper aims to deepen this discussion by presenting the equity issues that originated from this initial work.

In this paper I have tried to present the philosophy of the Cārvāka school of thought. I have covered their basic beliefs, Epistemology, Metaphyics and the way of life. I have also presented the contribution of the Cārvāka thought to the Indian society. Finally I have drawn parallels between the Eastern and Western thought processes and how the Cārvāka philosophy is actually the first philosophy which propagated freedom of thought and dissent by questioning the then prevalent social and religious structures (...) in India. (shrink)

In Plato’s Gorgias (Hamilton and Cairns, 1961), Socrates provides criticism of rhetoric as a merely persuasive art subordinate to argument. Among Socrates’ problems with rhetoric is the idea that it is essentially inferior to rational discussion, as with the relation of ignorance to knowledge. For instance, flattery plays a role in rhetoric in which agreement is sought through pandering to an ignorant audience: “…the rhetorician need not know the truth about things; he has only to discover some way of persuading (...) the ignorant that he has more knowledge than those who know…” (Op Cit.). This is unlike truth-driven, knowledgeable discussion where agreement comes through genuine understanding, and through the challenging of reasoning to ensure it stands up to scrutiny. Socrates supposes rhetoric is related to knowledgeable argument in the way that cookery is to medicine: “Cookery simulates the disguise of medicine, and pretends to know what food is the best for the body” or cosmetic adorning of the body that permits “…men [to] affect a spurious beauty to the neglect of the true beauty which is given by gymnastic.” (ibid.) Rhetoric is essentially a parody of reason, and a pale imitation. GPT4 and related language models produce their sometimes impressive results in a way akin to the model of rhetoric of which Socrates disapproved. Not every use of generative AI, of course, is intended to be argument. Outputs from these systems might be poetry, or software code, etc. It isn’t the case, therefore, that the Socratic critique of rhetoric is directly applicable to all instances of generative AI output. Poetry generated from such an AI system as this needn’t abide by Socratic standards for rational argument. Nevertheless, the critique of rhetoric highlights a missing dimension that generative AI outputs appear to exhibit – generation from a reasoned basis. The outputs from generative AI, whether text, poetry, code, or whatever, are produced not from a specific basis responding to a given need, but via a generic means of mimicry. Passages of text, for example, are produced from vast arrays of prior data such that they are inherently derivative in terms of their contents and bound to mimicry of their source material in form. The now familiarly ‘convincing’ outputs flatter to deceive as they contain enough crumbs of recognisability that they can be understood as representing some aspect of the genre they pretend to exemplify. Two points will therefore be pursued following from the Socratic critique of rhetoric. One is on the essentialist theme, and another reflects not upon the nature of language model outputs, but the justifications for their uses. In each case, language models will be seen to be without content yet generative of duties produced for ‘us’ as users or consumers of their outputs. Overall, the Socratic critique of rhetoric gives a useful framework for examining language models like GPT4. On the essentialist point, GPT4 etc. can be shown to have no reasons for anything they do insofar as they re-present existing data via sets of transformations (cf. Bishop, 2021). It is thus essentially different to rational discourse, and worse off for it, in meaninglessly echoing and amplifying past forms. There is no possibility of distinguishing the significance of one generated form over another inherent to the generative AI system, marking it out as distinct from human reasoning. On the duties side, the Socratic critique of rhetoric gives us good reason to resist a sort of pandering inherent in language model outputs. It says as much about the banality of mass media that language models can produce convincing, say, news reports or film scripts, as it does about the ingenuity of the language model. ‘We,’ as users or consumers of language models and their outputs, ought to be very careful about the role played by pandering. (shrink)

For Levinas, there isn’t any place for other and also for ethics and responsibility in the Western Metaphysics which based on the relation with being and takes ontology as the first philosophy. Ethics can find only an accidental place for itself in the system of philosophy which the ‘other’ has no room in it. Also, this is the violence of ontology. In this context, a question, “Why Ethics?”, can be asked from the ontological based philosophy. Levinas’ thougt will be the (...) answer for this kind of question. In this paper, the possibilities of ethics as first philosophy will be investigated in the context of the Levinas’ concepts, transcendence and height. (shrink)

This article is devoted to linguocultural concepts which is frequently encountered in linguistics. This experiment was carried out in the sense of linguoculturology, which, according to the general trend of modern linguistics, takes into account the phenomena of language in close contact with a person, his spiritual and practical activities. The principal postulate of this science is the study of the organic unity of the ethnic group's language, mentality, and culture.

This text is a search to find the precise relationship between Philosophy and religion/theology in Hegel's philosophy. There has been a resurgence of interest in Hegel scholarship by both the secular and spiritual community and many high ranking and serious academic Hegel scholars are conflicted on whether Hegel’s system ends with religion and theology or if Philosophy is a domain of its own as the final and highest stage of Hegel’s philosophical system. This analysis has found that Hegel himself declares (...) the result to be definitively the latter. Unlike atheistic claims however, this move from religion and theology to genuine philosophy is not an abstract negation but rather a sublation and fulfillment: a salute to the critical and necessary role in history that they played. The analysis begins from Hegel's Lectures On The History Of Philosophy with an exploration of the oddity that Hegel as a self declared Christian praises the Neo-Platonists but not the 1000 years of Scholasticism. This is odd as Christian orthodox holds the reverse in that the Scholastics were seen as essential and the Neo-Platonists heretical. This paper uncovers through a direct reading of Hegel himself why he deviates from Christian orthodoxy and explores the conclusion of what this means for the relation between genuine philosophy and religion/theology in being separate but essentially connected. This reading may uncover a path to healing the fracturing around the world exposed by the pandemic. Hegel may indeed provide the wisdom to overcome the tension between religions, science and philosophy in all their diverse modes around the globe and sublate them into a much needed higher spirit of community. (shrink)

Islam is the global and most pragmatic religion which is a complete of life. It is divine religion bestowed with the faculty of furnishing practical and long lasting solution to all encountered problems in an authentic style. There are two schools of thoughts categorizing the religions and its verdicts in its own parameters and perspectives. There are two main titles used for these classifications as Islamic and western views and proofed. These two main classes are further branched as sub categories (...) in light of its practices and principles. The present study describes and evaluates the two prominent western educational philosophies named Perennialism and essentialism with its major components and then a comparative analysis is made with Islamic philosophy. This study extends the logical and literature based proofs about the intersecting similarities between both educational philosophies. The study focuses mainly on the notions of Islamic philosophy and its components. Citations of quranic verses have been cited for validation of sources. The study was qualitative in nature and was based review of literature. The tool of literary discourse analysis was applied for elaboration of reliable differences. Genuine web sites were consulted for authentication of results. Particular Area. The study disclosed that the Islamic philosophical system was more authentic and flexible in terms of knowledge and social relationships. The results of comparison highlighted that we should try to practice the holistic and experiential application of Islamic philosophies for durable enactment of strong relationship between learners and teachers for long lasting social aims and objectives. (shrink)

The famous definition of philosophy came from the Greeks words philo and Sophia, which means love of wisdom. It follows that to love wisdom means to understand the highest and first principles of everything. This was the reason of philosophy to be the mother of all knowledge before their disintegration from it. Due to this background, philosophy main task is to search for the truth, by using human reason. However, the empirical modern scientists claimed to continue this task by using (...) empirical method, and abandoned reason. When knowledge transformed to empirical investigation, it became commodity like any other with its specific values. The world embraces the fact, which can only be verified empirically. This is why the author of this paper, has decided to bring into dialogue philosophy and modern empirical scientists to see how they can find the nexus to re-integrate the lost connection. As it has been argued that, critical and reflective mind is a catalyst for scientific and innovative technology. It is hence the aim of this paper to re-discover the position of philosophy as mother and queen of all sciences. Keywords: Philosophy, Empirical Science, Modern Science, Dialogue, Mother science, Rediscovery. (shrink)

For the Africans, the reason for the physical is the spiritual. Consequently, the African ontological notion of the interminglingness, interpermeatibility, intertwiningness and the interpenetratibility of the spiritual (metaphysical) and the physical world seems to becloud the whole range of an African man's world view. It is, therefore, in the explication of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence that the issue of metaphysics emerged. An African is by nature religious and as such does not admit the disjointedness and departmentalization (...) of the spiritual and the physical. Both is considered as nothing but the two sides of one and the same coin. It is on this backdrop that the researchers determined to explicate the rootedness of African metaphysics in African philosophy. The authors intend to achieve the purpose of the study via the methodological framework of reflective approach. (shrink)

Based on ongoing research in the collaborative Digital Theological Hobbes (DTH) project, this long presentation aims to showcase the benefits of a textometric approach to the elaboration and exploitation of a machine-readable model of Hobbes's Bible in the English political works relying on the TXM software platform.

This submission deals with constructivist paradigms in the epistemic cultures of Digital Humanities. Therefore, it studies not only promises, implications, pitfalls of these paradigms in DH. Rather, it is an invitation to discuss variants of constructivism and consider possible alternatives to these prevalent paradigms.

Responding to a call to embrace "digital humanities accents" (Risam 2018) as a radical act towards postcolonial epistemologies, this short paper discusses how a team of software engineers and a humanist is developing a discursive framework to assess fairness in AI for multilingual speech recognition technologies developed for Singlish speakers.

Digital intellectual history should concern itself with the history of words or constellations of words rather than the history of 'concepts'. In fact, this is what digital historians of concepts are already doing. We should begin to acknowledge this explicitly.

The parts of a theoretical texts can be divided into three categories: theses, annotations and notions. We present an annotation workflow for the automatic classification of these segments in large corpora to prepare the extraction of structural concept maps that allow a distant reading of relations and distances between concepts.

This contribution presents a proposal for the demarcation of Digital Humanities (DH), that is, a systematic way to determine to what extent something (a project, a research group, a curriculum, etc.) can be considered as part of DH. For this purpose, a system of levels and thresholds is applied.

The ERC-funded ModERN project is investigating 18th-century authorship practices using data-rich computational techniques to examine the digital archive of the Enlightenment period. This paper explores the use of new large-scale text reuse detection and network analysis to identify intertextual 'influencers' in a large heterogeneous collection of 18th-century French texts.

The OTRA project attempts to describe connections between polemical texts in Christian-Muslim religious encounters. References, textual re-use, argumentation, and concepts are recorded with the help of an ontology and then analyzed to form a deeper understanding of this discourse. This presentation shows the basic idea and discusses first results.

Project Milestone of the International Cycle of Interdisciplinary Conferences.

Jacques Lacan’s ethical insights come up when he engages, inter alia, with Aristotelian and Kantian ethics. Tackling Aristotle’s ethics, Lacan complicates how human life would be best lived and fulfilled, and discussing Kant’s ethics, he sheds a different light on moral duty. In both cases, Lacan emphasizes the role of desire and law in the subject’s actions. Many Lacanian insights constitute a fertile context for political philosophy and philosophy of education to explore the ethic character of the subject. However, some (...) postmodern political philosophers who draw on fundamental Lacanian concepts have theorized the “Self–Other” relationship in a way that ends up in a problematic ontological accommodation of evil. In this paper, I outline the aforementioned to highlight the following lacuna: much of the literature in educational philosophy that has utilized Lacan’s theory to deal with ethics has not addressed, head‑on, whether the Lacanian subject is ethical, unethical, or none of these. (shrink)

Scientometrics is an effective method to quantitatively analyse the productivity and progress of all forms of written communication. This study aims to examine the scientific research productivity of Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) for a selected period of 22 years between 1998 and 2019. Required data pertaining to this study under various parameters were collected from Scopus database. Further, analysis was carried out under various dimensions to measure the year wise distribution of articles published during the selected period, its relative (...) growth rate, doubling time, collaboration coefficient, country and affiliation wise distribution of articles and its citation patterns etc. The findings of the study revealed that the highest numbers of articles were published in the year 2019 and the lowest appeared in the year 1998. In the year 2013, there was no single article of the journal indexed in Scopus database. The country wise distribution of articles showed that the highest contribution of 33.52% made from Nigeria, while the institution wise distribution indicated that the University of Ibadan was rated as the highest research producer. Analysis also revealed that the average citation per paper during the selected period was 1.51. Authors found from the analysis that the publication title 'Using Google Analytics for improving library website content and design: A case study' authored by Fang W. received a citation of 67 and ranked as the highly cited paper during the period of study. (shrink)

The central role of such epistemic concepts as theory, explanation, model, or mechanism is rarely questioned in philosophy of science. Yet, what is their actual use in the practice of science? In this philosophy of science project, we deploy text-mining methods to investigate the usage of 61 epistemic notions in a corpus of full-text articles from the biological and biomedical sciences (N=73,771). The influence of disciplinary context is also examined by splitting the corpus into sub-disciplinary clusters. The results reveal the (...) intricate semantic networks that these concepts actually form in the scientific discourse, not always following our intuitions, at least in some parts of science. The research is published in: Malaterre, Christophe & Martin Léonard. 2023. "Epistemic markers in the scientific discourse", Philosophy of Science. (shrink)

This paper critically evaluates Kevin Harris’s views, as presented in his work Education and Knowledge: A Structured Misrepresentation of Reality. It explores Harris’s belief that formal education in capitalist liberal democracies primarily serves to misrepresent reality rather than unravel it. The paper argues that while Harris’s views are compelling, they are not entirely original and rely heavily on preexisting ideas. The paper concludes with a critical evaluation of Harris’s thoughts on education. Keywords: Education, Philosophy of Education, Structured Misrepresentation, Thoughts System.

Philosophy is an activity of thought which may become a way of life. Philosophy of Literature is a branch of Aesthetics. Much of Aesthetic Philosophy has traditionally focused on Arts and Music at the expense of verbal arts. The great Vyasa narrated the ancient Indian Epic Mahabarata in order to teach Indian Philosophy and Homer wrote Odyssey with some Philosophical teachings. Bakti is a remarkable feature and tendency of human existence. Bakti and Philosophy emerged historically in some of the wellknown (...) thought system of India such as Veda, Vedanta, Upanishad, and Bakti literatures. The Compositions of Saint Tyagarajar are purely Bakti oriented with numerous Philosophical aspects which will create awareness among the people around. Tyagarajar communicated a large volume of thought through his songs show his capacity to expand an idea with beauty, logic and effect Tyagarajar followed a disciplined life laid down by Vedas. Each and every song of Saint Tyagarajar have lot of wealth of ideas and Philosophies that lies underneath like Gems within the Ocean. His songs carry the qualities of good persons, Characters of depraved soul, profound spiritual truth of Vedas, cause of desires and so on in a simple way. Through his songs he conveyed his thoughts and ideas on various subjects with deep philosophical sense. (shrink)

A pre-print version of the article "A Concise Historiography of Classical Yoga Philosophy." In: Eli Franco (ed.), Periodization and Historiography of Indian Philosophy. Vienna: Sammlung de Nobili (Publications of the De Nobili Research Library, 37), p. 53–90.

Computational modelling and simulations are often compared with experiments. It has been argued that these methods should be distinguished from experiments, that they are theoretical or that they require new epistemology. Many of these position are based on the intuition that as these methods rely on computation which can be reconstructed as series of deductive steps, the results they produce are conclusions of deductive arguments. Through a model-theoretical reconstruction of in silico experiments, I will demonstrate that the deductivist framework is (...) not entirely adequate to capture their epistemology. Consequently, deduction is not an adequate criterion demarcating simulations from experiments. (shrink)

Here I present the first version of the transcription of the Commentarius in Metaphysicam by Konrad Graf from Cod. Pp 183 4°, Teil 2, Zentral- und Hochschulbibliothek Luzern [ZHB], Sondersammlung (ff. 1r-56v), which collects Graf's lectures in metaphysics, held at the Lucerne Gymnasium in 1635-36. The transcription of the text was carried out at the Lucerne Faculty of Theology within the SNSF project "Zwischen monastischer und reformierter Metaphysik. Die schweizerische 'Wiege' der Ontologie im Zeitalter der Reformation" (SNSF project 100012_192559 - (...) applicant: Prof. Dr. Giovanni Ventimiglia (TF- University of Lucerne), Employees: Marco Lamanna, Chiara Paladini. The project aimed to redefine the "cartography" of the Reformation in Switzerland on the traces of metaphysics teaching (Reportationes) in Swiss educational institutions and monastic poles, and thereby to gain a precise place for Swiss studies in the panorama of research on metaphysics and ontology in the early modern period. The project was based on a preliminary investigation that made it possible to recover new texts transmitting lessons on metaphysics held in Lucerne and Engelberg. The method was 1. to produce a systematic and comprehensive documentation based on an index of manuscripts and printed texts, most of them already identified, which testify to the existence of a cultural flourishing in Switzerland that has so far remained unexplored. 2. this documentation should be placed on a solid textual basis by transcribing and eventually critically editing those texts judged to be of interest in terms of their content and influence, in order to make them accessible to the scholarly community and to readers. 3. finally, we will examine the specific aspects of the teachings transmitted in these manuscripts. (shrink)

This is a bugfix release to correct some errors in.zenodo.json which prevented archiving of 1.0. -/- Version 1.0: This first release of the translation contains: -/- * a full transcription of the Preface and Chapter 1 * translations of select passages in these sections * a full transcription and translation of the title pages and the table of contents through chapter 3 -/- This release was focused on working out (most of) the issues with the markup of a parallel translation (...) and with the build. Subsequent versions will contain more of the text and be more focused on translation! (shrink)

Published with utmost gratitude to Jehovah the living One Allaha and for all His loving angels. Abstract: INTEGRATION BY CONGRUENCY METHODS. The Mathematical Juncture, M indicates a perpendicular elliptical integral and acts as a linguistic congruence permuter for logical dingbat statements. This mathematical junctor is used to permute dingbat expressions into topolog- ical congruent solve methods as described herein. Fractal morphisms, derived from Energy Numbers, which are of a higher vector dimensional vector space and can be mapped to real or (...) complex numbers, are connected to these solve methods to yield topological counting in terms of Energy numbers without real numbers. Doing so yields a generalized solution for n-solve congruent algebraist- topological morphic solutions upon performing the integration. The method is then generalized and the suggestion of probablistic methods is quashed, demon- strating the success of such a calculus. The mathematical juncture of M is a congruency permutation tool used to bridge logical dingbat statements into a form which can be used in topological solutions. The use of Energy Num- bers and their fractal morphisms allows for solvability without the need for real numbers, and yields a generalized framework for the induction of probabilistic methods if one were interested in investigating the indefinite integrals described herein. The fractal morphism is then demonstrated to yield novel forms of the Energy Number differential, which emergently includes the topological form of numeric energy with the cross product of the Polynomial Remainder from a given projective etale morphism. Finally a new hypothesis is uttered, namely that the integral of FΛ exhibits certain properties only when the summation in the integral converges at a certain rate. The hypothesis explored further using numerical methods such as Monte Carlo, yet it is transcended using the con- gruency method of the topological joiner and generalized algebraist-topological solution to n, which relates the counting method to the integral of the fractal morphism. This allows for the definition of a unifying framework for a novel algorithmic approach to the inference of novel counting equations, something which goes beyond the scope of the previously developed Monte Carlo method. The Mathematical Juncture of M is an innovative approach to the evaluation of algebraist-topological solutions in terms of Energy numbers and fractal mor- phisms. Using the congruency permutation, logical statements can be permuted to yield topological solutions that do not require the use of real number. The propagation of the fractal morphism leads to a generalized solution even when the summation of the integral converges at a certain rate. The numerical meth- ods of the Monte Carlo can be transcended using the mathematical juncture of M and the congruency method of the topological joiner which demonstrate a novel, hybrid algorithmic approach to the evaluation of counting equations, something that goes beyond what was known before. I demonstrate methods for performing the integration of what would previously only been capable of being plotted using statistical methods. Thus, it is possible that such methods could be applied to problems currently believed to require statistical methods. (shrink)

Published with utmost gratitude to Jehovah the living One Allaha and for all His loving angels. Abstract: The Mathematical Juncture, M indicates a perpendicular elliptical integral and acts as a linguistic congruence permuter for logical dingbat statements. This mathematical junctor is used to permute dingbat expressions into topolog- ical congruent solve methods as described herein. Fractal morphisms, derived from Energy Numbers, which are of a higher vector dimensional vector space and can be mapped to real or complex numbers, are connected (...) to these solve methods to yield topological counting in terms of Energy numbers without real numbers. Doing so yields a generalized solution for n-solve congruent algebraist- topological morphic solutions upon performing the integration. The method is then generalized and the suggestion of probablistic methods is quashed, demon- strating the success of such a calculus. The mathematical juncture of M is a congruency permutation tool used to bridge logical dingbat statements into a form which can be used in topological solutions. The use of Energy Num- bers and their fractal morphisms allows for solvability without the need for real numbers, and yields a generalized framework for the induction of probabilistic methods if one were interested in investigating the indefinite integrals described herein. The fractal morphism is then demonstrated to yield novel forms of the Energy Number differential, which emergently includes the topological form of numeric energy with the cross product of the Polynomial Remainder from a given projective etale morphism. Finally a new hypothesis is uttered, namely that the integral of FΛ exhibits certain properties only when the summation in the integral converges at a certain rate. The hypothesis explored further using numerical methods such as Monte Carlo, yet it is transcended using the con- gruency method of the topological joiner and generalized algebraist-topological solution to n, which relates the counting method to the integral of the fractal morphism. This allows for the definition of a unifying framework for a novel algorithmic approach to the inference of novel counting equations, something which goes beyond the scope of the previously developed Monte Carlo method. The Mathematical Juncture of M is an innovative approach to the evaluation of algebraist-topological solutions in terms of Energy numbers and fractal mor- phisms. Using the congruency permutation, logical statements can be permuted to yield topological solutions that do not require the use of real number. The propagation of the fractal morphism leads to a generalized solution even when the summation of the integral converges at a certain rate. The numerical meth- ods of the Monte Carlo can be transcended using the mathematical juncture of M and the congruency method of the topological joiner which demonstrate a novel, hybrid algorithmic approach to the evaluation of counting equations, something that goes beyond what was known before. I demonstrate methods for performing the integration of what would previously only been capable of being plotted using statistical methods. Thus, it is possible that such methods could be applied to problems currently believed to require statistical methods. (shrink)

This article will argue that from Heraclitus’ writings on fire, we can better appreciate how genocidal regimes use it against a target population. In doing so, I am not arguing that I have presented the proper reading of Heraclitus’ thoughts. Rather, I have tried to approach the available Fragments in a way whereby we can learn from Heraclitus about the potentially genocidal dangers and consequences of fire. To do this, I will approach Heraclitus’ Fragments through a framework provided by Martin (...) Heidegger. Ultimately, I will argue that from Heraclitus’ thoughts we can better comprehend how tyrannical regimes utilise fire to exact genocides. (shrink)

The present paper focuses on Mahatma Gandhi’s and Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s eco-philosophy in connection to the current environmental crises. Both scholars are considered as the pioneers of modern environmental movements of their respected faith. By correlating Gandhi’s and Nasr’s spiritual discussion with the environment, this article investigates how deeply the actions of human have impact on the equilibrium of this phenomenal world. The paper also tries to expose why Gandhi and Nasr understanding of natural world and suggestions in relation to (...) the sustainability of natural world look meaningful. Here, descriptive, and analytical methods are used to define eco-spiritual and eco-philosophical ideas of both scholars from their prescribed religious tradition and how far their understanding is relevant to present situation. The comparative analysis highlights some similarities and disparateness in their eco-philosophy. In doing so, this research will contribute to current debate of environmental crises and spiritual crises of modern secular man. The study concludes that despite the differences in beliefs and practices, both eco scholars have shared a common goal of promoting ecological harmony. Their sacred understanding of the natural world motivates humans to endorse harmonious relations with other species of this phenomenal world and their basic right of living and flouring. (shrink)

It is the editorial for the first issue of the second volume of the journal Theology and Philosophy of Education. The journal’s logo is described and interpreted here in the context of the journal’s aim. All the texts of the offered issue are briefly introduced here.

An interview about visions for the paths of education, inclusive religious education, but also about the paths themselves that we have been taking so far.

This release includes the data and code used in: Malaterre, C., F. Lareau (2023) Inferring social networks from unstructured text data: A proof of concept detection of “hidden communities of interest”. Text and Data Analytics for Policy.

The well-known Indian thinker Jiddu Krishnamurti is the subject of this study, and the paper's purpose is to examine his philosophical and pedagogical ideas and investigate reflective practices of J. Krishnamurti's Ideology. He held that consciousness was necessary for the existence of a free mind. He had the belief that the beginning of education and the conclusion of education was equally crucial for understanding life and ourselves. Kindness cannot blossom in an atmosphere of fear, and education is the sustenance that (...) allows compassion to grow. In this paper, the researcher has used content analysis to accomplish the objectives. The sources of content analysis are both primary and secondary, including books on Krishnamurti, his official websites, his official audios, and videos made available by Krishnamurti foundations, journals, etc. In general, the study's findings reflected Krishnamurti's fear-free approach to the holistic development of children. According to J. Krishnamurti, education has to be provided in a way that is natural and devoid of artificial techniques and should follow a child-centered approach. He believed that teaching is not only the act of transferring knowledge but also the development of an enquiring mind. (shrink)

This paper presents a reading of the Tractatus’ remarks on ethics. Drawing on work by Anselm Müller, subsequently developed by Anthony Price, the reading makes of some of Wittgenstein’s most striking and most puzzling early remarks a recognizable and insightful account of ethical experience, while also accommodating the equally striking formal quality of those remarks. The account identifies a distinctive ethical achievement that requires a distance from particular concrete goods that one might pursue and a responsiveness to those goods as (...) a whole—to one’s world as a whole; only through such openness is one open to the abstract objective that is doing what is best; and only through openness to that does one express oneself in, and assume responsibility for, one’s actions. This account allows us to understand why, for example, Wittgenstein connects “absolute or ethical value” with “wonder at the existence of the world” and with “understand[ing] the question about the meaning of life”. But it also makes sense of why that is precisely a question, and why those to whom “the meaning of life … become[s] clear” cannot “say in what this meaning consist[s]”. The responsiveness to a good which ethical subjects distinctively manifest is a responsiveness not to some distinctive and describable state of affairs but to the question of what is best—willing determination of what here and now that is. This account yields a vision of self-expression not as hearkening to some inner voice but as an openness to one’s life as a whole; and this, in turn, opens up a way of approaching the puzzle of Wittgenstein’s insistence that “of [the willing subject] we cannot speak”. I also suggest that we find here one possible sense for Wittgenstein’s famous remark to Ludwig von Ficker that “the point of [the Tractatus] is ethical”, in that openness to the world as a whole—openness to how things are as such and as a whole—emerges as fundamentally a practical, rather than theoretical achievement. (shrink)

THE UIA 2014 PROCEEDINGS, DURBAN 2014, 2014 The Western definitions of the "smart cities" are concentrated around three main elements. First approach describes the "smart city" as the organized body, using the new technologies in the manner to increase the efficiency of the infrastructure and communication interconnectivity (Azkuna, 2012). Another approach emphasizes the role of the sensors, mobile devices, to create digital dimension of the city (Schaffers, 2012). Yet another approach presents the city as the area consisting of populations implementing (...) activities and effectively acting institutions in terms of knowledge creation, developed broadband infrastructure and on-line tools for knowledge management and solving problems that arise for the first time, as the key to the assessment of the intelligence (Komninos, 2008). (shrink)

The paper analyses possible contributions of philosophy and philosophers to architecture and architects’ work. During the twentieth century, a number of dominant positions in philosophy, such as the view that all thinking is verbal or that conceptual thinking determines the contents of perception, significantly limited the ground for productive intellectual interaction between architects and philosophers. With the demise of such positions in recent decades, one can hope that philosophy and philosophers could make genuine contributions to architectural theory.

Philosophy deals with aspects of architecture that cannot be grasped by the established methods of history of art and theory of architecture, and proposes approaches which can help elucidate the key concepts of architecture, including aesthetic, ethical or social dimensions. My paper tries to sketch the scope of the questions architectural philosophy asks and give a short genealogy of its emergence. Furthermore, it argues for a specifically materialist understanding of the way in which architecture and philosophy correlate.

This paper examines the concept of the project through a tragic but significant example, namely Albert Speer’s project. Speer, like any architect worthy of the name, does not drop his designs from some hyperuranium of creativity, nor does he confine them to a drawing board for the benefit not of the inhabitants, but of the readers; and even more, unlike a machine, he does not merely execute the prescriptions of an algorithm. It is, on the contrary, rooted in a soil. (...) By defending himself, by digging a hole of words, by invoking devices and programmes, by hiding behind a Diktat, Speer opens up a path that will be beaten after him, that, to express himself with Heidegger, of the ‘thrown project’, of the fact that all our designing is nothing but the execution of a Message from the Emperor, the submission to the injunctions of technology. But the project, if it is a project, is lagging behind the programme, and conversely a programme that is not lagging behind (the laws of nature or trains when it goes well) is not a project. The project has a constitutive delay, it always has a delay, and that is why it is the delay, it does not have a delay. (shrink)

What might be meant by the phrase “architecture and philosophy”? I distinguish what it might mean from three other possibilities, “philosophy of architecture,” “philosophy as architecture,” and “architecture as philosophy.” The first refers to a subfield of academic aesthetics, itself a subfield of academic philosophy; the second to the use of architectural metaphors in philosophical writing; the third to the idea that works of architecture should express abstract, philosophical ideas. I discuss the pitfalls in the last of these. Instead, I (...) argue, going back to Vitruvius, that the phrase “architecture and philosophy” should be taken to connote the architect’s obligation to satisfy through her building (firmitas) the program for her work, thus the client’s and users’ needs (utilitas) as well as aesthetic considerations (venustas), but beyond that to be sensitive to all ethical issues broached by her work and to have an understanding of the way or ways of life in which her work and its use will become involved.”. (shrink)

In the connection between architecture and philosophy, the “and” connects and separates at the same time. In classical rhetoric, the concept and technique of ekphrasis stands for this. Ekphrasis means transfer from the medium of sensual experience into the medium of language and back into the realm of sensual imagination. As will be shown here, however, the “and” unfolds its full functionality only in the failure of ekphrasis. Only in failure does the “and” become the medium of intellectuality and sensuality, (...) that is, when the “and” no longer designates a center and a place of symmetry, but when it describes a marginal condition, when it shifts the discourse toward the margins, when it clears the space and gives freedom a place. An example of the creative failure of ekphrasis is the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin by Peter Eisenman. In the failed translation of sensory and cognitive experience, Eisenman forces architecture and philosophy into a unity that cannot be resolved into a dialectical third. Thus, the memorial creates a void in the center of Berlin that becomes a trigger of sensual and intellectual imagination for the unimaginable of the Holocaust. (shrink)

The concept of Pramā and Pramāṇa is a fundamental aspect of Indian school philosophy. Pramā refers to valid knowledge, while Pramāṇa refers to the means or instruments through which we acquire such knowledge. Indian schools of philosophy have classified different types of Pramāṇa, including perception, inference, comparison, testimony, and non-perception. In Indian philosophy, Pramāṇa is not just limited to the physical senses, but it also includes the intellect and intuition. Moreover, each school of Indian philosophy has its own understanding of (...) Pramā and Pramāṇa, which leads to different epistemological theories and debates. The concept of Pramā and Pramāṇa has played a crucial role in the development of Indian philosophy, especially in the areas of ontology, epistemology, and metaphysics. It has also influenced Indian religious and spiritual practices, such as yoga and meditation, which emphasize the importance of direct experience and intuition as a means of acquiring valid knowledge. Overall, the concept of Pramā and Pramāṇa is a fascinating and complex aspect of Indian philosophy that continues to inspire philosophical inquiry and contemplation. This research paper explores the concept of Pramā and Pramāṇa in Indian school philosophy. The paper examines the different types of Pramāṇa identified by various Indian schools of philosophy, including perception, inference, comparison, testimony, and non-perception. It also discusses how different schools of Indian philosophy understand the nature of Pramā and the relationship between the Pramāṇa and Pramā. The paper draws on primary sources from Indian philosophical texts to provide a comprehensive analysis of the concept of Pramā and Pramāṇa. It also examines how this concept has influenced other areas of Indian philosophy, such as ontology, epistemology, and metaphysics. Additionally, the paper explores the practical implications of the concept of Pramā and Pramāṇa for Indian religious and spiritual practices, such as yoga and meditation. The research findings of this paper indicate that the concept of Pramā and Pramāṇa is a fundamental aspect of Indian philosophy that has played a significant role in the development of various philosophical theories and debates. Moreover, the concept has practical implications for Indian religious and spiritual practices, emphasizing the importance of direct experience and intuition as a means of acquiring valid knowledge. Overall, this research paper provides a comprehensive and insightful analysis of the concept of Pramā and Pramāṇa in Indian school philosophy. (shrink)

This reflection is an attempt to bridge Architecture Philosophy, supported by two main drives: a Wittgensteinian form and a Nietzschean intempestiveness. This means that the final result, besides being fragile, fragmentary, and slightly unorthodox, will only make sense if the reader abandons himself to the proposals to think with the text, accompanying the challenges that each proposition entails, like a peripatetic dialog in a philosophical garden.

The article is devoted to the study of the scientific work of Ibn Sina, one of the great thinkers from. Based on the analysis of the perfect human being, who has taken his rightful place in the history of Sufism, the scientist's Sufi views were illuminated.

'Reading Theophrastus's Mind: Marsilio Ficino's Reception of Priscian of Lydia', in The Neoplatonists and Their Heirs: Christians, Jews, and Muslims, ed. by E. Anagnostou and K. Parry, Brill 2023, pp. 417-1438 This article has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 under the Marie Skłodowska Curie Grant agreement 795792.

Excerpt For a long time, Western epistemology saw itself as the ultimate and universal arbiter of all forms of thinking. Other forms were considered as infantile, underdeveloped, or at best, proceeding from a naïve, superstitious and archaic framework. Not only that, but the West took it upon itself to bring enlightenment to those it considered as less fortunate than itself. Most often, however, this was a thinly disguised pretext for [...].

This is an attempt to sketch a genuinely theistic scientific metaphysics, in direct opposition to the "choice and necessity" model of Jacques Monod based on materialistic naturalism.

Building a socialist rule of law state in Vietnam is currently one of the most important political tasks in our country. The situation of reality requires that it is necessary to deepen and study the ideas of the rule of law state of modern Western philosophy in association with the historical conditions for its birth in order to apply the system of rule of law ideology into building the rule of law in Vietnam in the current period. With that in (...) mind, with a systematic research method of materialist dialectic, this article mainly clarifies the conditions and premise for the birth of the idea of the rule of law in Western philosophy during the pre-modern period. Keywords: Preconditions, Ideology, Rule of Law, Western philosophy, modern period. (shrink)

The article points out that Ho Chi Minh is a typical philosopher whose core is political philosophy, thereby clarifying Ho Chi Minh’s ideology and practicing Ho Chi Minh’s ideology in Vietnam. Keywords: Philosophy, ideology, Ho Chi Minh.

This paper discusses the views of philosophers and other contemporary scholars on moral philosophy and their contributions to moral education. Also, in this paper the researchers intend to review the conception of moral education based on schools of philosophical thought which include idealism, realism, pragmatism and existentialism as each of these schools of philosophy has its own perception of what moral education stands for and through their ethical views each of these schools suggests one or more approach which might quite (...) differ from the perception of the other schools of philosophy. In each of these schools of philosophical thought the researcher decides to take the view of one or more exponent of each school of philosophy and carefully study their views on epistemology, metaphysics and ethics so as to exposé how they viewed moral education in general and moral education in particular with the hope that the approach suggested for teaching moral education would be brought out. This will in turn throw light on which approach out of the approaches suggested by philosophers of different schools of philosophies will be suitable for teaching moral education in Nigerian schools. (shrink)

Rousseau’s Confessions is written in the first person and addressed directly to God. Augustine’s work is an extended prayer and intimate conversation with a divine beloved. In the 16th century, groups of Christians broke with the Roman Catholic Church to start their Christian movements, but they, too, continued to consult Augustine. Augustine’s work, including The Confessions, has also contributed significantly to Western philosophy. A few examples include his insights about knowledge and illumination, the importance and centrality of will, subsequently taken (...) up by the likes of Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, and German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, one of the fathers of existentialist philosophy, and his novel ideas about the march of human history. His ruthless self-scrutiny in The Confessions reflects a great understanding of the human psyche, while his view that humans are made for love continues to inspire readers. (shrink)

Talk at the Philosophy [in:of:for:and] Digital Knowledge Infrastructures online workshop (08/09/2022).

Talk at the Philosophy [in:of:for:and] Digital Knowledge Infrastructures online workshop (08/09/2022).

Talk at the Philosophy [in:of:for:and] Digital Knowledge Infrastructures online workshop (08/09/2022).

Talk at the Philosophy [in:of:for:and] Digital Knowledge Infrastructures online workshop (08/09/2022).

Talk at the Philosophy [in:of:for:and] Digital Knowledge Infrastructures online workshop (08/09/2022).

Talk at the Philosophy [in:of:for:and] Digital Knowledge Infrastructures online workshop (08/09/2022).

Saint Bhima Bhoi’s philosophy is not only based on idealism but also on humanism. Though he was blind by birth1, he didn’t have any formal education but still his feelings, idea, works were for the upliftment of the people, society and for the whole humanity. His signature lines which have been inscribed on the wall of the United Nations Organization (UNO) Hall in various languages that Praaninka aarata dukkha apramita dekhu dekhu kibaa sahu Mo jeevana pachhe narke padithaau jagat uddhaara (...) heu (Witnessing the plethora of plights on earth how one could bear with; let the world get redeemed at my cost) His ideology was not limited to certain cult or area but for the whole universe. The great idea of fraternity, equality, social justice, freedom, love, humanity, purity, non-violence, humility etc. were the core ideas of his philosophy His visions and deep ideologies have the potential to solve many modern educational problems Hence this article tries to find out such educational ideology of his philosophy for the betterment of the modern society. (shrink)