The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of social media use and its relationship with depression among university students. An analysis was carried out to find whether there is a link between excessive use of social media and depression. The study was conducted by purposive sampling of 110 university students aged 18-25 living in the city of Guwahati, India. A quantitative correlational research design was adopted for the study. A questionnaire was developed to obtain Social Media (...) Addiction (SMAS) scores, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, and demographic information from participants. The study revealed a positive significant correlation between excessive social media use and depression. The results of the Pearson's correlation analysis showed a significant positive association between the scores for social media addiction and depression, with the following values: r =.50, n = 110, p.01. It was determined that more consideration has to be paid to what social media is doing to each individual user given its increasing widespread use. The style of thinking and how information is grasped is changing as a result of the easy availability of social media's limitless communication and interaction opportunities. (shrink)

Gender base working population this mines of Male person and Female person working population. In this study area district of Durg are divided the Agriculture and Industrial base working population. This district are population base second position in Chhattisgarh. Population are as per 2011 census report of Durg district 2,68,806 population. In this paper is an attempt of population growth are highly increasable but population growth base not increase the worker in Durg district. The statistical survey report 2011 census data (...) base Durg district study place worker are divided the Primary sector worker (66%) and Secondary sector (23%) worker rapidly growth.Further during the study period it has been found that despite performing well on the front of poverty and unemployment reduction, still there is a high concentration of rural and slum area poor and unemployed in this district. So the entailed on the part of government new policy develop the problem of population growth, and unemployment. 2001 census report in population growth rate 17.87 % and 2011 census report is 18.98% in Durg district and working population is 43% of Chhattisgarh. (shrink)

The paper takes an in- depth look at work life balance considering in view of Balance in work and family life is an emerging challenge for women teachers of private School. The job of working women has changed throughout the world due to economic conditions and social demands. Although the significance of the ability to read and write can not be undermined, it's arguable that in order to effectively inform socio-economic development, literacy alone isn't enough. Quality education is essential for (...) a state or a country to make strides in ground breaking exploration and other developments to ameliorate the quality of life of citizens and to ensure equitable and sustainable development develop a career. From this pressure most of rural women choose teaching profession. The present research categorizes selected variables as work and family related factors to study work life balance. This paper analyzes the causes of work and life imbalance with respect to Women teachers. An aggregate of 36 teachers responses from primary, secondary and high school are included in the study. Average literacy rate of Bandgaon Block in 2011 were 54.46 in which, man and women literacy were 69.02 and 39.95 respectively. Total literate in Bandgaon Block were 805 of which man and woman were 547 an 258 respectively. The study also brings out the relation between the various factors such as age, time spent, levels of stress, working overtime and balancing work and personal life of women teaching professionals. This study also identifies main problems and challenges which faced by unwedded and wedded working women. Both qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (questionnaires) instruments are taken to fulfill the objectives. Random sampling method was used for collection of primary data through questionnaires and interviews. (shrink)

Good governance emerged as a powerful idea when the institutions like world Bank, UNDP, OECD etc. realized that it is citizen friendly, citizen caring and responsive administration. Good governance is measured by eight factors of participation, rule of law, transpiracy, responsiveness, consensus oriented, equity and inclusiveness, effectiveness and efficiency and accountability. These characteristics are mostly related to government and government organizations but the purpose of this study is to discuss about the role and responsibilities of the people living in the (...) country to promote good governance. Good governance is only possible when both the government and the citizens of the country are loyal and responsible towards building the growth and development of the nation. In this study we will discuss about the responsibilities that lies on the shoulders of the citizens to help the government to promote good governance. (shrink)

Teenagers are now more likely to experience a new type of health disorder in this area, and Smartphone addiction is forcing health policymakers worldwide to reconsider this quickly developing problem. Hence, with this observation, the present study intends to know the status of college and university-going students of Gangtok District of Sikkim regarding their addiction to mobile phones. The sample size of the study was 100 students (50 from PG & 50 from UG). In this study, simple random sampling was (...) applied. In addition, the tool used for this study was the Mobile Phone Addiction Scale (MPAS) developed by. A. Velayudhan and S. Srividya in 2012. The data were analyzed in a Microsoft excel sheet by using various statistical techniques like percentage, frequency, mean, standard deviation, and t-test was calculated to see the difference. The study revealed that the majority of both, postgraduate and undergraduate students of Gangtok District of Sikkim, were found to have a moderate addiction to mobile phones (61%). These days students seem to be engaged with their mobile phones more often. Therefore, it is necessary to become aware of mobile phone addiction and to obtain knowledge as to how to prevent addictions to mobile phones, particularly among students of Sikkim. (shrink)

Since the marketing of coconuts in Tumkur is experiencing a steady decline, the purpose of this study is to assess the current marketing activities of coconut retailers, measure how effective those activities are, and advise those retailers on how to implement the most effective marketing strategies for future gains. The connection between the two criteria, marketing activity and marketing efficacy, is currently the subject of research that is being conducted. The merchants of the Tumkur market are the source of the (...) primary data. The research covers the Taluks of Gubbi, Tiptur, Thruvekere, and Chicknayakanahalli. According to the data from the Coconut Development Board for 2015-16, these are the five Taluks that generate the most coconuts (Latest available). The researchers are interested in coconut product manufacturers and sellers located in the Taluks that have been designated for Tumkur. The number of stores in the sample is 125, and it was calculated using the Cochran Formula with a confidence level of 95% and an error margin of 10%. The questionnaire was constructed with consideration given to the findings of the study review. The retail shop data, marketing activity, and marketing effectiveness sections make up the three parts of the questionnaire. The SPSS Version 25 and AMOS R Version 23 software packages are utilized in the data analysis process. It is not possible to generalize the findings of this study to other goods or services because it is limited to coconut retail establishments in Tumkur's four Taluks. According to the data, there is a correlation between a one percent increase in marketing activity and a 0.69 percent increase in marketing effectiveness. The retention of customers should be the primary focus of the marketing plan employed by a retail business in order to be successful. In order for marketing to be successful, it needs to be incorporated into the overall business plan. This strategy dictates how the store may effectively engage customers, prospects, and other businesses operating in the same market. According to the conclusions of the research, there are a number of essential elements that contribute to the success of retail outlets in the Coconut market. These factors include product policy, price strategy, delivery, advertising, and physical evidence plan. (shrink)

The Rajbanshi community is a significant community in the whole district of Cooch Behar. However, it is a difficult task to determine the ethnic identity of the Rajbanshi of Cooch Behar. According to 1981 census, the population of the Rajbanshi community of Cooch Behar is 40.96% and the census of 1991 come and went 39.86%. The only majority community in Cooch Behar and greater North Bengal is the Rajbanshi people. Especially the Rajbanshi are in the eastern part of India like (...) the northern part of west Bengal, lower part of Assam, they live in some parts of Meghalaya and some parts of Purina district of Badarpur Bihar in Nepal. There is considerable debate among historians as to the origin and development of the Rajbanshi. However, the ancient history testifies that despite the controversy, the Rajbanshi community played an important role in the governance and socio-cultural life of Cooch Behar during the Dynasty. The Rajbanshi community of Cooch Behar has its own society and culture which is different from other community. This culture especially helps to unite and consolidate their society. Rajbanshi society and culture occupy a significant place in India united in diversity. But recently it has been noticed that under the influence of modernity and globalization process the own and basic culture of Rajbanshi community of Cooch Behar is losing its identity and moving towards change.In this paper researchers would like to identify the culture and it's problem,how it's changes. (shrink)

The Turung Ethnic Community is one of the smallest tribal groups inhabiting in Assam. They are known for their unique customs, rituals, cultures and traditions. They are recognised as “Man ” in “Amendments to the Constituition Order 1950. In the Upper Assam’s non-autonomous districts of Golaghat, Jorhat and autonomous district- East Karbi-Anglong, “Turung” people have been living since centuries. The “Turung” community is one of the organs of Six Tai groups of Assam. The “Turung” community lived for centuries on the (...) bank of “Tarung Hka” in the Kachin state of Upper Burma and present-day Myanmar. Owing to some personal and political conflict, they migrated to modern-day north-east India. According to written history, they once lived in “Mung Mao Khawchang”. Later, during the last phase of 15th century they migrated to Sadiya by crossing Patkai Hills and stayed briefly in Tapha. Eventually, they were brought to “Jorhat Mission Compound” by a British officer Captain Neuvile in the year 1825. And as stated by 1891 census, total number of “Turung” population was 301 at that time. Through this paper some traditional rituals of birth and death ceremony of Tai-Turung Community is explored and discussed in a detail way. (shrink)

The international system has been enjoying relative peace almost immediately after the end of the cold war. However, recent development especially among the so-called ‘super powers’ in Europe and terrorism as well as insurgency has been considered has a threatening factor for the relative peace enjoyed by mankind. There has always been an unhealthy relation between Russia and Ukraine since the days of the defunct Soviet Union. The recent unfortunate Russian-Ukrainian war which has revived the bad blood relationship between the (...) two warring nations has undoubtedly attracted wider global attention for the implications of the recent development are better imagined than seen or felt directly or indirectly. Since the break-up of the USSR, political tensions between the two neighbouring states-Ukraine and Russia-have continued on many issues. The conflict that rears its ugly head in that part of the world had its roots at the very outset of the post-Cold War era. It is against this backdrop that the paper examines the current crisis between Russia and Ukraine. It discusses the remote and immediate causes of the war. Attempt would be equally made to x-ray the implications of the war as it is likely to affect the international system and the peaceful co-existence of mankind especially when most countries of the world are grappling with the negative effects of COVID-19. Finally, the paper will be concluded with recommendations. Primary and secondary sources were used in the collection, collation and interpretation of data. (shrink)

Popular literature is currently occupying a lot of space in the mainframe study of literature. In fact what constitutes popular in the ambit of literature is much debated. With a change in the general structure of the syllabi in all universities, the genre popular literature has become quite a fascinating area and fictional writings that passed off as momentary are now back into discussion and deliberation. The present paper intends to take a look at one such very popular and successful (...) American fictional thriller writer Sidney Sheldon. His works were bestsellers for decades and have been made into movies. The reason to delve into his writings is to study and thereby account for the immense popularity of the writer. What constituted his writings that made him so famous? Starting with question in mind, I discovered, after reading his works, that his women characters were very much every woman’s inspiration. Coming from the pen of a male writer, these women are dynamic, ambitious and versatile, challenging the established patriarchal code. These women are not squeamish about their independence and their garrulous nature often lands them in trouble. Sheldon was writing when the second wave of feminism was in vogue in the U.S.A and given the context of the second wave of feminism these characters were very welcome. The paper delves into the heart of these women who challenged patriarchy. (shrink)

From the Neolithic period of early human cultural period pottery is an important invention and industry that helped human to sustain them more easily and comfortably. Pottery helped human to gather their food securely, store drinkable water, and carry water from one place to another place and to boil food. For these reasons food storage capacity and capacity of procuring food had been increased in large amount. Invention of the pottery changed human culture and reached the human culture to civilized (...) form. But during the time being the technology and types of art and craft of the pottery had been changed for combating the modern products like plastic materials, alloy products etc. The pottery technology is now being changed their products as old types of domestic products are not acceptable to the human culture. They are now producing crafts or show pieces or idols of deities. The demand of the market has changed their pottery culture to modern crafts. (shrink)

Refers for such person who is migrating from Homeland to another land The theme of diaspora based on shifting, rootless Changing realities of the person.

After independence, various initiatives and strategies have played an important role in providing better education and better learning outcomes for students. Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan is a program centrally sponsored by the Ministry of Human Resources Development of India to promote secondary education in public schools throughout India. According to the RMSA guidelines, school safety conditions are an important aspect. The term ‘safety’ is comprehensive and it covers several aspects. The present study aims to investigate the present status of safety (...) conditions in secondary schools among selected districts of West Bengal in the light of RMSA. The findings of the present study clearly show that selected secondary schools of both Nadia and Murshidabad districts have no proper safety conditions according to the guidelines of RMSA and comparatively the safety conditions are better among selected secondary schools of Nadia district than in the selected secondary schools of Murshidabad district. (shrink)

In today's financial world, investment is the trendiest topic. Depending on one's objectives, there are a variety of reasons for an investor to invest in various avenues. Age, income, education, and qualification are only a few aspects of demographic factors that impact investment behaviour. The purpose of this research is to look at the impact of various demographic factors on equities market investing behaviour. Heuristic biases, prospect biases, market biases, and herding biases are all components of investment behaviour. This survey (...) was conducted in Bangalore, with 100 respondents who are equity market participants or potential investors. The importance of the association between investing behaviour components and demographics is tested using Karl Pearson's correlation. The findings and conclusions of the survey try to present a clearer and complete picture of investors' behaviour toward equities and derivatives trading organisations. (shrink)

The Mahali tribe of Choukapathra village of Nayagram Block and Jhargram is an artisan tribe. They mainly reside in West Bengal, Jharkhand and Orissa. Their traditional occupation is basketry. They are patrilineal tribe. They prefer monogamy. Being an artisan tribe and depending on basketry their income is not sufficient for their livelihood now a day; as the markets of the products of basketry are being exchanged with plastic materials. The crisis is responsible for social cultural changes in various aspects. They (...) are thinking themselves that their social positions are being deteriorated for this occupation. (shrink)

Second language learners are generally facing difficulties to use the second language to express their thoughts effectively. They avoid talking in the second language due to psychological. This qualitative study aimed to explore the impact of anxiety on Malaysians ESL learner’s fluency in English. An open-ended questionnaire was used to collect data among 30 students from Unitar International University. The findings of the study showed that emotions such as fear, anxiety low-motivation, and the influence of mother tongue affect the learners’ (...) English language fluency. Besides, the results of this study revealed that learners need more positive encouragement from both lecturers and peers to be able to communicate in English language more confidently. This will aid them to reduce their level of anxiety in communicating in English. ESL learners, anxiety, fear, English language, language fluency. (shrink)

National Education Policy 2020 is the third national education policy launched by the government of India on July 29, 2020. The key of this new policy is to provide quality education to every learner as well as the whole country and to highlight India's education in a world-class context. Draft of this policy has divided into four parts namely part-I, part II, part III & Part IV. The present paper focuses on teacher education which is included in part II in (...) the area of higher education. The present study aims to critically analyze the recommendation of NPE 2020 regarding teacher education. The present study is qualitative in nature. The study ends with the conclusion that the New National Education Policy on Teacher Education will enhance the quality of teacher education and present the teacher education system in a world-class context and some constructive suggestions by the researchers for implementing the recommendations of teacher education. (shrink)

The aim of the present study is to find out the relationship between Student’s Attitude towards physical education and Wellness among school students. This research was a descriptive survey of students’ Attitude towards physical education and wellness. Out of all Kendriya Vidyalya Sangathan Schools from, Pune city 5 schools was selected randomly n=500 samples with the help of simple random sample method. To study the student’s wellness and attitude towards physical education researcher administrated the three questionnaires on the selected students, (...) for Students’Attitude - Attitude towards Physical Education by and for wellness- wellness Inventory by. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics; Mean, Standard Deviation analyzed and correlation was made by using Pearson “product movement coefficient of correlation. Moderate positive relationship was found between Student’s Attitude towards physical education and Wellness. Students’ attitude towards physical education affects the wellness of students so by doing positive attitude towards physical education increases the wellness of the students. (shrink)

The insect order Lepidoptera comprises both butterflies and moths. There are over 180,000 Lepidoptera species described, divided into 126 families and 46 superfamilies. 10% of the total number of living creatures described. It is one of the most common and well-known insect orders on the planet. Butterflies are an important category of insects that can function as sensors of environmental change. Butterflies are insects from the order Lepidoptera's macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera. Except for Antarctica, there are around 18,500 species of butterflies. (...) Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that contain all non-butterfly members of the order Lepidoptera, with moths constituting the great bulk of the order. Moths are expected to number over 160,000 species. The majority of moth species are nocturnal, however there are crepuscular and diurnal species as well. Asokapuram is a tiny hamlet located east of Aluva. The current analysis was carried out to identify the Lepidopterans in the area for 6 in diverse habitats surrounding the area. During the inquiry, a total of 46 lepidopterans were noted, 27 of which were recognised, 13 of which were various species of butterflies and the remaining 14 were different species of moths. (shrink)

Humans have long looked for methods to make their lives easier, more comfortable, and more enjoyable. The ever-evolving nature of technology and internet use is fed by this desire for a better life and more free time. We've seen a significant growth in the number of robots being developed and sold as home appliances in recent years. These home appliances have the potential to become more than fair a special helper, however also a friend who understands its vender's preferences and (...) routines. The idea of household appliance robots is becoming a reality as artificial intelligence progresses. Exploitation approaches that could be used to target these robots in particular must be thoroughly investigated. We discuss our findings from completing an early vulnerability analysis on a home appliance robot in this paper. Our findings suggest that while considering the usage of robots, both manufacturers and application developers should consider cyber security. (shrink)

Since the last two decades, feminist writing has flourished globally. As a result of it, a vibrant and committed Feminist/Gender discourse has emerged to voice personal experience of those who are marginalized and oppressed in patriarchal society. Besides novels and short stories, poetry of the present literary area has also fore grounded the hitherto suppressed experiences of the female world.In the post colonial period, the works of feminist writers in India have contributed substantially in creating a feminist consciousness in the (...) society. Female writers in 1990s mirror a realistic picture of the contemporary urban Indian women. Among them Kamala Das also emerges as a dominant voice.Kamala Das’s poems demonstrate a kind of shift to assertive feminism. She is very candid. With poignancy, she communicates her feminine urges, and showcases the troubled existence of a woman in the patriarchal society. She delves deep into the woman psychology and discovers male hegemony as one of the obstacles to the salvation of women.In our reading of Kamala Das’s poem, ‘The Old Playhouse’, we make a foray to highlight female slavery as depicted through various symbols and images. (shrink)

During the post-reorganisation period Uttarakhand experienced a stepped up acceleration in its demographic dynamics. In tune with rapid changes in its socio-economic contours the state has witnessed important changes in its demographic complexion. In this paper an effort has been made to examine and analyse the spatio-temporal trends in growth and distribution of population in Uttarakhand, based on census data. The paper seeks to understand the patterns of population growth and distribution from the time of creation of state at sub-regional (...) levels. While the first attribute focuses on population change, no matter whether the change is positive or negative, the second aspects highlights the population’s distributive tendencies in a geographic space. The area of study stands marked by further decline in population growth rate and stepped up tempo of out-migration. Simultaneously, the area of study has witnessed a steady rise of in-migration as well. Consequently, The state of Uttarakhand is on a verge of new demographic threshold which pretends to usher in profound socio economic changes having far reaching implications. Research inquiries relating to growth and distribution of population, forms the very viewpoints for sustainable areal development and financial allocations. (shrink)

With the continuous acceleration of urbanization in developing countries, the number of urban population is also increasing. In order to solve the problem of urban residents' travel, the num-ber of shared bicycles has increased. The investment of shared bicycles is a good solution to the traditional situation of urban traffic. The problems that cannot be solved under the following conditions have provided convenience for the travel of citizens. Many acute problems in the city also arise. This study analyzes the adverse (...) effects of the existing shared bicycle management model in Guangzhou on the city. Through the development of the current situation of related shared bicycles and the re-search on governance literature, we must not let shared bicycles become the scourge of Guang-zhou City. Under the influence of policies and regulations, the transformation of the future de-velopment model of shared bicycles should be rationally guided, and the management mode of shared bicycles should be rationally optimized to make the city more orderly and standardized, and put forward reasonable suggestions. (shrink)

All over the world the hills are inhabited by tribes. Nestled in the tropical forests located mainly in the southernmost part of the Western Ghats, India, inhabit an indigenous Kani tribe traditionally nomadic. They are the original inhabitants residing in the dense forest from time immemorial. They are the one of the oldest surviving hunter-gatherer tribes in the world. The indigenous Kani tribes in the Pothigai Hills in Tamilnadu and their living environment are enriched with indigenous knowledge resources. These tribes (...) have a rooted traditional and indigenous knowledge about medicinal plants. Yet, all their knowledge is gradually disappearing due to many reasons. This study has great significance in the collection of that knowledge, preparation of recorded data and conservation of that information for the use of future generation. Since their knowledge system is embedded, collective and diversified the ownership, protection and management of these areas are complicated. The collection of information, classification, copyright, intellectual property rights, the politics involved etc are the other problems involved. So far these resources are not yet systematically documented and scientifically analyzed. Hence this study aims to overcome the above said problems. (shrink)

The long and checkered past of India is not only a story of her political struggle to gain freedom from the British yoke but also one where women had to fight for their own rights – social, economic, political, legal. Though we have women who have been strongly bonded with the struggle for azadi for matribhumi the mainframe has a different picture to unfold. While strong women have been able to hold on to their forte, the more general class had (...) to suffer oppression and subjugation. However, with the passage of time the scenario has gradually changed to show that with policies and laws women are now making a place of their own.This paper would look at the changing scenario using advertisements as the medium. Advertisements, within a span of few seconds unfold stories that talk about the social condition of society. These micro stories can be used as tropes that convey significant messages. My paper would look at some advertisements that relay the story of how women have gradually appropriated changes in society’s perspective of looking at them. From being judgmental to being emphatic the new order of society is now ready to make way for women in different arenas– and advertisements very aptly capture this shift in perspective. While my paper celebrates the azadi of women, it will also question if enough has been done and what more needs to be done. (shrink)

This research explored how language use is able to provide meaning to a political discourse. Through the lens of Feminism and Critical Discourse Analysis, this study identified the presence of misogynistic tendencies in the statements of Philippine President Rodrigo Roa Duterte taken from news articles and his national speeches. Analyses were also done to deduce how language use is able to define a person. Analyses revealed the presence of misogynistic tendencies in PRRD’s statements toward women in general and specific women. (...) Further, this study has found out that PRRD is beyond the notion that language has the power to construct reality or define a person. It is ` his charisma and the role of social media that can explain the PRRD phenomenon. (shrink)

Mulberry belongs to the family Moraceae and genus is Horus. Mulberry is a deep rooted perennial plant and leaves with acute margin, toothed, 3-5 lobed. Mulberry is primarily known as food material for silkworm and economic importance. Porometer studies growing were carried out to find out the adaptability of plants in Rajasthan. Relative temperature the experimental field in the semi-arid. The main parameters studied were: zone of leaf temperature, humidity and transpiration. It was observed was maximum during summer that leaf (...) and minimum during winter, relative humidity was maximum during summer during rainy and, and transpiration was minimum maximum rainy season and minimum during summer. The water relations studies help in identification of most adapted, aridity tolerant mulberry varieties for sericulture development in the semi-arid zone of Rajasthan. (shrink)

The Western Ghats region is the home to the Kani tribes. The Kanis also live in the Ghat regions of Tirunelveli district in Tamil Nadu. At present, there are five Kani settlements in the Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve areas of Tamilnadu. Servalar Kani settlement is the chosen study area forms part of Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve comes under the jurisdiction of the Tamilnadu Forest Department. Once a nomadic tribe, the community now does not migrate from one place to another. Apart (...) from agriculture, the Kani tribes collected honey from the forest regions and cultivated other minor forest produce. This helped them in earning some money to cater for their needs. The relationship between forests and the Kani tribe is intimate and age old. They have close association with forests and hills. Their dependency and association with forests are reflected in all aspects of their culture. They proudly identify them with forests and mountain. They live with nature. All the essential items for living are available in forest. Forests are their dwelling place. This research paper describes the strategic location and the ecological importance of the Pothigai Hills focusing on Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve. And it highlights the life and livelihood of the Kani tribes in their settlement at Servalar region. (shrink)

The paper focused on future curriculum and soft skills. The study reveals the necessity for the implementation of soft skills in our curriculum. It also discusses the foundations of future curriculum, the approach of future curriculum, forecasting in education for the future, the challenges of emerging curriculum, the importance of future curriculum, the various types of soft skills and their importance to future problems. It also addresses how soft skills should be implemented in the curriculum.The paper concludes that future curriculum (...) should be projected to accommodate soft skills as the professional world no longer cherish certificate. The paper recommended that curriculum of the future should be progressive to allow implementation of soft skills; students should be exposed to activities like debate, group work and writing. (shrink)

The proposed research paper is a study of Kashmiri Pandits' statelessness in the world's largest democracy. From the very beginning of its great civilization, India assimilates people from different walks of life in itself. Today the modern world is facing many problems, the problem of ethnicity-based migration is becoming a compelling phenomenon around the world. The problem of forced migration is very compelling and challenging for both the developing and developed nations. During the 1990s India witnessed a secessionist fury of (...) communalism in the Kashmir valley when more than half million a Kashmiri Pandits were forced to leave the valley by Islamist fundamentalists. It's estimated that four to six lakhs of Kashmiri Pandits left the valley during the insurgence of communal frenzy in the valley. Their houses were looted women were raped and hundreds of them were murdered in broad daylight. This paper is an insight to understand the mental and physical agonies that Kashmiri Pandits suffered in their homeland as well as in their opted land in different parts of the world. (shrink)

A crime is essentially a wrongdoing against the society at large and not the individual alone, hence the victim alone cannot absolve the accused from his criminal liability and therefore comes the significant role of the State. The State regulates the conduct of the individuals to maintain social order and any wrong committed by any person having the potential of impacting the society adversely, it invites sanctions which are penal in nature, irrespective of the extent of the harm caused. To (...) implement this penal policy of punishing the wrongdoer and deter the potential future offenders, the State has to strike a balance between the personal liberty of the offender on one hand and the interest of the society on the other hand. Let us understand the term criminalization of an act. The State only has the power to criminalize any sort of behavior which is adversely affecting the society at large. The state can intervene in the freedom of an individual when an act has been made an offence by the way of criminalization. For eg, triple talaq, which was until the passing of ‘The Muslim Women Act, 2019’ was merely an act of an autonomous person and between the husband and wife but after this Act coming into force, it became a criminal Act. The Act was brought by the Government/ State to criminalize the act of the autonomous person as such act was not only affecting his wife but the society at large. The criminalization of any act has to be based upon valid reasons and backed by some guiding principles of criminalization. (shrink)

Present study has been conducted to know the entrepreneurial competencies possessed by the management students, enrolled in a university of Himachal Pradesh. This is a quantitative study, in which a cross-sectional design was adopted. Primary data has been collected through standardised questionnaires using Google forms. Purposive sampling used and a sample of 123 has been taken. From the present study it has been concluded that commitment to work contract, sees and acts on opportunities, systematic planning and initiative competencies are mostly (...) present among management students’ and there is a lack of concern for high quality work, self-confidence, assertiveness, efficiency orientation, information seeking, use of influence strategies and persistence competencies among the students. (shrink)

India possesses the second highest tribal concentration. The Government of India has launched different measures to upgrade their socio-economic scenario, literacy rate along with that employment status. The reservation policy which is supposed to play the role of a boon to uplift their social status and stimulate upwards mobility fails to do so as backlogs in different government services have proved that. If a part of a country stays backwards in progress and prosperity, it affects the whole scenario of a (...) country. To take adequate measures, it is essential to evaluate their career aspirations level in respect of non-tribal students to conclude up a point where they need enthusiasm and motivation to make a lengthy education portfolio and to end up with a positive contribution to society. The present paper has been conducted on 86 students of Patulia Gram Panchayet area, North 24 PGS, among which 40 students belong to the tribal community and 46 are from the non-tribal community. A questionnaire encompassing 25 questions is formed to analyse their career aspirations. The study has found out the fact that there is a significant mean difference between tribal and non-tribal students in career aspirations. (shrink)

To shape India's inclusive and sustainable development, the government has made social infrastructure such as education, health and social security a top precedence. The government take steps to recover the efficiency of expenditure through the combination of projects and improves expenditure on human capital. Various labor reform method are being implemented, including the legislature, to create jobs and give sustainable livelihoods to people heavily involved in the casual economy. Closing gender gaps in education, skills development, employment and income and sinking (...) social inequalities in society are fundamental objectives of the development policy to improve human skills. (shrink)

The present research focused on the utilization of traditional herbal pathway for the treatment of food poisoning by considering Zingiber officinale as a model drug, since herbal treatment could be more powerful for fast recovery with no harmful side effects. One of the most common health issues encountered during travelling is food poisoning in Asian countries including India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan which is mainly due to poor sanitation and lack of awareness about proper hygiene. Travelling through railways is more (...) prone to food borne infections that normally results from ingestion of food contaminated by bacteria or toxin produced by bacterial growth. As a preservative measures, there is a need of a broad spectrum antibacterial drugs for bacterial growth inhibition as well as for initiation of strong immune response against bacterial infections. For this purpose, Zingiber officinale derived nanoparticles were examined against species of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella abony that are mainly responsible for food poisoning in humans. The particles were characterised by different analytical techniques. The results were interpreted on the basis of minimum inhibitory concentration and agar well diffusion processes. (shrink)

This paper attempts to examine through Anees Jung’s work Night of the New Moon, those socio-cultural and religious practices which through interpretation or interpretation by the patriarchal Muslim community, have kept women at a subjugated position since time immemorial. It also attempts to look beyond the veiled faces of Muslim women, and to peep into their lives in order to bring to the forefront their stories of pain and struggle that they have silently been suffering from, due to their degraded (...) status, lack of individuality and justice in their family and community in particular and society at large. This would be done by bringing forth their unheard voices through the narratives of the Muslim women that Anees Jung have recorded during her interviews with them, in various parts of India. Apart from this, the paper would also ponder over the struggle that Muslim women are fighting to regain their lost identity, position, rights and justice in society so that they can be uplifted and emancipated and their problems can be resolved for a better and more prosperous future of our country. (shrink)

The evolution of technology has made different forms of fictional narratives easily accessible in most parts of the world. As the pandemic restricted the activities of people, there was a drastic increase in the consumption of all forms of media ranging from books to movies. The current study inspects the effects of fictional literature and films on consumers. The study was conducted in the online mode with 73 participants who filled up a questionnaire form which was circulated through various social (...) media platforms. The participants involved in this study were from 13 to 34 years of age. The online questionnaire consisted of two sections; section one consisted of questions based on an individual's favorite fictional character and section two was a task-based activity aimed to check the extent of involvement with a fictional character from a short story. A five-point Likert scale was used to measure the results. Results from section one indicated that most of the participants were positively influenced by their favorite fictional character, identified with them, and imitated traits of the character. Results from section two showed that a significant number of the participants were empathetic towards the protagonist of the short story. Additionally, most of the readers were tolerant towards controversial views in fictional literature. Overall, the study findings reveal that fictional characters influence individuals positively if not neutral. (shrink)

In this present paper we have focused on Private and government banks NPAs. This is a comparative study of government and private sector banks, here we have analyzed the relationship between Private bank NPAs and Government banks NPAs. we have analyzed significant difference between private banks NPAs and government banks NPAs. In our study we found that after 2017 the government and private sector banks has increasing growth rate of GNPAs. Government sector 2016-2017 gross NPAs growth rate was 11.7 percent (...) which increased to 14.6 percent. In year 2018-19 the growth rate increased 11.6 percent. In case of private banks it has increasing rate from 2017 to 2020. COVID- 19, NPA, GNPAs, Private Banks, Government Banks, RBI. (shrink)

India has the second-largest tribal population after Africa. Most of them are greatly dependent on forests and their produce for their livelihood. Indian Forest Act of 1865 was the first attempt of colonial govt. to assert a monopoly right over forest resources. By the act of 1878, the customary rights of the villagers were denied. In the post-colonial period, the national forest policy of 1952 also asserted the monopoly of the state over the forest in the new brand ‘national interest’. (...) There is a sharp rise in the production of industrial and fuelwood. The blind acceptance of the colonial policy of practice of monoculture and denial of customary rights to the forest dwellers destroys the ecological balance, and make them ecological refugee. There is a shift of policy towards commercial interest and export-oriented forest management. But this strategy shift is invariably against the interest of the tribal community who inhabit forest areas. There is growing use of Minor Forest Produce for different purposes but the profits are reaped by processing industries while collectors of MFP would get wages at subsistence level. The loss of control over resources often compels the tribe to use the forest in an unsustainable fashion leading to an alienation of man and forest. This paper spotlights how do the exogenous changes in different forested areas badly hamper allocation of food, fuel, fodder, medicine and even ritual rights of the tribal community and their relation with the forest. (shrink)

The efficacy of music in therapeutically influencing human lifestyle can be broadly classified. Music is known to relieve stress and anxiety. The influence of music in the cognitive regions of the brain and its ability to stimulate the body’s reward centers is considered a powerful tool to enhance and flourish human life. What makes music different from other mediums of stress relief is that the music industry is backed by variety. Individuals have the freedom to choose from different genres and (...) select what best suits their personality. All humans share this cross-culturally existing feature called ‘music’ which is customizable and universal by nature. Data was collected from 100 healthy respondents. Results showed that 83% of the participants chose music as the main source of distraction during stressful conditions. Pop and hip-hop was found to be the most preferred music genre for people in the age group of 15-35 years whereas classical music genre was the most preferred choice for individuals above 35 years of age. Another important observation in this paper was that the majority of the respondents increase their duration of listening to music during stressful situations, thus showing the significance of music as a solitary source in overcoming stress. In this paper, we aim to gauge the role of stress and the influence of music in positively mediating anxiety and stress issues in common individuals across different generations. (shrink)

Existing norms, belief systems, heritage, and customs all contribute to the formation of a society's culture. Society's culture varies by region. A society's established culture dictates gender roles and relationships. Gender is a western concept that refers to the division of labour in terms of male and female. This means that while sex is a biological term, gender is a social construct. Gender denotes the expected roles of men and women in the realms of production, reproduction, and power relations in (...) various spheres of society. Culture evolves and changes to take on its current form. Thus, the factors that shape culture have a substantial effect on gender. India is the world's second-largest home to tribal people. There is a widespread perception that tribal women enjoy significantly more freedom in the workplace, decision-making, and empowerment than the women of other castes in society. Gender roles and relationships are not uniform across the country's tribal communities, but rather vary. Additionally, the process of mainstreaming, displacement, and globalisation have altered their traditional culture and gender relationships significantly. With the introduction and exposure to a modern economy, the concept of women empowerment is rapidly changing among tribes. With the exposure to a market-oriented economy and industrialised society played a significant role in altering tribal women's roles at home and in society. The present paper will throw light on the changing scenario of culture and gender relationships among the tribal communities of the country. (shrink)

The Jingphaw ethnic group is one of the primitive tribes of the world. They are known as ‘Kachin’ in Myanmar, ‘Jingpo’ in China and ‘Singpho’ in India. In different parts of planet, they are called by varied names; although the word “Jinghpaw” is commonly used by majority in written literary form. The Jinghpaw of Myanmar largely inhabit in its northernmost state called ‘Kachin State’ and its hilly areas. In China, they live in western ‘Yunnan’ province of ‘Dehong Dai and Jingpo (...) Autonomous Prefecture’. In addition, they live in the north-eastern parts of India called ‘Arunachal Pradesh’ and ‘Assam’ state. This paper is an attempt to delineate the origin, history and unique cultural heritage of “Jinghpaw” community. (shrink)

Bangladesh as a developing nation has acquired a significant change financial areas during 2001-2021 years. The longing of being a center pay country has driven Bangladesh to think of a cutting edge education strategy which will assist them with delivering the talented teaching force. Information and communications technology reconciliation in education was the main advance of this most recent education strategy and Government of Bangladesh has moved forward to make a fruitful execution of ICT in education. This study explored the (...) methodology of education system in Bangladesh its outlook prospects. It inspects the degree of ICT utilization in the classroom and overall text curriculum. I has been collected 28 samples size of total secondary, higher secondary and graduate student of Bangladesh and pre-based questionnaire. Study findings reveal that optional educational institutes began involving advancements in their educating and learning, yet at the same time, the utilization isn't ideal chiefly due to least foundation and view of partners. ICT assisted with making the classes student focused and intuitive which was one of the points of new education strategy, yet the act of involving innovation in instructing and learning is as yet restricted in a large portion of the educational institution. Although every one of the partners of education area comprehends the advantages of ICT consideration, they are dealing with different issues in the execution interaction. Additional time is expected to defeat these obstructions and to achieve social changes among the teachers and students to a fruitful reconciliation of ICT in auxiliary education of Bangladesh. (shrink)

COVID-19, the situation has endangered the normal life of the people of the World. No one knows where it will end and when we will return to normal life. The only way to keep the education system afloat in this difficult situation is through e-learning. India wants to move forward in the same way as the rest of the world. However, there is a need to think about what is possible for India in the developed countries of the world. Especially (...) in India’s e-learning infrastructure. The main purpose of writing this paper is to review how well India’s infrastructure is ready to continue the e-learning system. Based on various Govt. and privet data it is seen that, for the large number of students, the Indian technology infrastructure is quite low. Implementing and sustaining the education system through new system by filling the infrastructure gap is a challenge. It is hoped that instead of formal education system will be managed through the e-learning method by overcoming this difficult challenge. (shrink)

It is widely assumed among all the business houses that with the changing business scenario cloud-based system for keeping records is the need of an hour and it is replacing the traditional accounting system. But the question arises that does cloud computing furnish all the requirements of the business? And can it be fully implemented in place of a traditional accounting system? This paper tries to answer these questions by giving a deep understanding of the concept of cloud accounting and (...) its pros and cons over traditional accounting system. Modern accounting procedures have consistently revolutionized accounting over the last few decades. Clients' and accountants' expectations are shifting as cloud accounting evolves. Accountants are reconsidering how they work to meet new needs and work more quickly and efficiently. This research is descriptive and examines cloud accounting using previous literature, journals, books, magazines, and websites, among other sources. It also includes a wide range of academic material on cloud computing and cloud accounting. This study suggests that to cope up with the dynamic environment and to increase the efficiency and performance of a business concern it should adopt the new technologies in the form of cloud computing. (shrink)

Rural or urban distribution is an important attribute of any population because the characteristics associated with rural distribution are entirely different from the personality of an urban area. The term ‘urban population’ has been defined differently in different countries depending on the local conditions and criteria. With 27.81 per cent urban population, India is at a low level of urbanization as compared with the more developed countries. However, there exist large regional variations in different parts of the country as far (...) as level of urbanization is concerned. The present paper is an attempt to analyse the process of urbanization and urban systems in a north-western state of Haryana from a geographical perspective. The state of Haryana is slightly above the national average in terms of level of urbanization and plays a significant role in the country’s economy due to its strategic location around the national capital of Delhi and an important connection between the other north-western states and the national capital. (shrink)

There has been a phenomenal expansion in epistemology over the globe; ever since the Greek Civilization. Aristotle was considered to be the first exponent of Ethics. He was of the view that, the true self is the rational self. The activity of thorough actualizes the rational self. On the other hand, the monumental historical treatise of Plato on Politics gave rise to the emergence of Political Moralities. Likewise, Herodotus the famous Greek Philosopher and Historian emphasized upon Human Ethics in different (...) Cultural Realms.Nowadays, no branch of knowledge can be sustained aloof due to the emergence of epistemological linkages. And, the ethics is perhaps no exception to this rule. With, the emergence of Multidisciplinary Approach [as one of the tool of research methodology] probably, during the first half of 20th Century. It becomes possible to explore the linkages inferred from ethics and humanities. The present research article seeks to investigate the relational and functional linkages. (shrink)

Cause related marketing has been playing a significant role for understanding a strategically located position and tool of the marketing which tend to Links product or Company or brand to relevant cause. The present study is related to children welfare activities of Tata Foundation. This foundation works through CRY, A noted NGO; which works as a noble cause supporting the children’s education. Tata Foundation has been using Tata Salt and Tata tea; as their product for promoting the educationamong the children. (...) The study is based on primary source of information, which has taken from 200 respondents who make use of Tata Salt and Tata tea for their daily consumption. These two consumers items are daily users, who have given significant contribution on one packet @ Rs 1 per packet which goes to promote the children’s education as a significant contribution; contributed by the salt and tea consumers. On the basis of this study, shows a considerable impact on decision making of these two products; as tested by t-test on the propensity of buying these two products in view of welfare oriented task for the children. (shrink)

The body of the article was related to the problem of social work graduates in Karnataka state. Social work education prepares you to help individuals, families, and communities. After completing their studies, the majority of social work graduates in Karnataka face such issues in the field of social work. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify the problems of social work graduates in Karnataka. This paper describes the issues of social workers, social work graduates, and social work. The (...) body of knowledge related to major problems facing social work graduates has implications for future efforts in the social work field. Social work. (shrink)

The first factor to make is which you have to now no longer try and alternate your fashion of communique overnight. The manner you currently control has some of very sturdy factors approximately in to date as you've got got been capable of be successful to date. Therefore, you have to be seeking to the ten or 20 consistent with cent of your communique that you can improve. The 2d factor to emphasize is which you have to exercise the brand (...) new abilities in low-threat conditions till you're cushty and assured which you recognize the way to use them. A correct possibility is probably in social discussions or in non-pressing paintings conditions. Certainly in case you start to be successful, it's miles probably different humans will understand this and in numerous manner congratulate you. Do now no longer be amazed after they imply your assembly went thoroughly or say that they discovered your contributions helpful. Accept it as ordinary in place of going into lengthy reasons approximately your use of communique manipulate techniques Equally there are individuals who offer exceptional fashions of communique manipulate. (shrink)

India is a multinational country with many sub-nations which are proud of their own cultures. The linguistic survey of India on different occasion has soon that there are more than thousands mother tongues including various languages and dialects. These linguistic diversity has always been posing a great threat to national unity or integration which means a people living in a territorial unit having a national authority and as value consensus. National integration is a problem of many countries but in India (...) the problem is most comprehensive. One of the barriers to the achievement of national integration in India is the existence of strong hold of sub-national loyalties on account of linguistic diversities. However linguistic diversity did not pose a great problem for compromises and consensus among the people during the independence struggle.After independence politicization of language has tended to threaten our national integration on the controversies over the linguistic re-organisation of the state, the official language, etc. Yet it can be said that a single language for national identity is hardly possible in India. The solution of language problem for establishing national unity in India must be a pluralist one. (shrink)

Jharkhand is a tribal state having approximately 26 percent share of tribal people residing in the state. More than 90 percent of tribal population lives in rural areas. The original inhabitant of this land e.g., tribal peoples and non-tribe indigenous peoples earn their livelihoods in their own traditional ways of agriculture, domestication of cattle, collect minor forest product from their surrounding jungle and wages out themselves as laborers. The sudden spread of Covid-19 snatched away the rice bowl of these peoples (...) as well as the mediums of earning livelihoods; and they had been forced to live a miserable live e.g., hunger and poverty. This paper analyses the socio-economic impacts of Covid-19 on tribals and non-tribe indigenous people’s livelihood during the pandemic. (shrink)

It is important to know the status of the Tribal population in India; its characteristics and distribution of the same in various part of India. But it is not easy to define a tribe, in general, the tribal are expected to possess some unique characteristics. In present era still lot to do for Tribal Population to bring them in main flow of overall development. Government of India continuously focused to upliftment of Economical, Social and Cultural values. Government has made policies (...) to ensure the Tribal development. Before construct the solid structure of development it is important to study the characteristics of the Tribal population. Over all the characteristics of all tribal communities are different from each other. Therefore Government made policies for micro level to ensure the 100% success rate of implementation of policies. The Government of India has specified 427 communities and has included them in the Schedule Tribes and are entitled to Special protection and privileges under the constitution of India. According to census 2011 it shares 8.6% of the total population of India; which was 10.45 crore. (shrink)

Floods are one of the most common natural disasters, affecting millions of people worldwide. Floods occur when streams burst their banks, generally as a result of significant rainfall, and inundate areas that are not normally flooded. In August 2018, Kerala witnessed the devastating effect of floods which resulted in 13.86% of the land being inundated. Satellite imagery is one of the most effective techniques for assessing the extent of flood-affected areas with high spatial resolution. The approach of monitoring floods by (...) using Sentinel-1 satellite data from Google Earth Engine is presented. Using the satellite images, we have created a dataset after applying preprocessing techniques like resizing and thresholding. We have used Otsu thresholding in this work due to its ability to easily distinguish water and non-water pixels. An Extreme Learning Machine model is proposed to identify the flood-prone regions in the chosen study area. We have compared our model with existing classifiers such as Decision Tree and Support Vector Machine and found our model performs better with a good consistency and accuracy score of 0.8787. These systems can be used for better preparedness and aid in monitoring the change or reconstructing the progress of a past flood. (shrink)

Subject of man and machine is not a new thing in twenty first century. The debate for this particular subject belongs to long ago where mechanism of a man is increasing day by day. But the way it reflects everywhere it’s not the same, where alienation and migration does not work for shake of labourer’s economic issues. But also, there is aesthetic sense of workers work and relationship with machines. Aesthetic the way they work, the way they look their appearance (...) and family background. Along with aesthetic sense artistic work comes automatically. The visualization done by the artist is personal and sensitive observation. Geographical location and typography of this particular area have documented through photography and art works. The inventor brought some inventions through medium which is apart from mechanism of art and relate with western techniques. (shrink)

WWW is wide employed in application communication applications. Links to programs that are created offered ar known as net services. the majority these days cannot think about life while not the net. The matter net has reworked it into a knowledge net. The linguistics wave covers 3 stages of web growth. the primary part, web 1.0, was concerning connecting knowledge and accessing world wide web. Web 2.0 is concerning connecting folks that insert “I” into the interface, similarly as “we” on (...) the social participation net. successive part, web 3.0, begins now. it's concerning shaping definitions, linking data, and victimisation it in ways in which build our on-line data relevant, useful, and pleasant. (shrink)

This article provides an overview of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar’s thoughts and how these thoughts are important in present government policies for women empowerment. This is the qualitative type of research and inductive approach has adopted for the conclusion. In the rising India where seemingly more and more women enter various fields to work alongside men there are many struggles that they put up to achieve where they are and there are many more glass ceilings that they need to break (...) open and move up before they achieve a position of complete equality. Dr. Ambedkar’s exposure the western education and his deep understanding western philosophy and ideals made him appreciate the climate equality that prevailed and aspire for the same to the disadvantaged sections of the society which included women of India. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar expressed his views on the state of life of all women. He stated that women must be treated equally and given equal prestige. He insisted on Hindu Code bill suggesting the basic improvements and amendments in assembly. He also insisted and evoked all the parliamentary members to help to pass the bill in parliament. Eventually, he resigned for the same. The teachings and thoughts of Dr. Ambedkar are useful not only women but also all the Indian even today. His deep concern and feelings for all round development of women is expressed from his each sentence and word. (shrink)

Tourism is important for the economy of Tamil Nadu. Emerging states like Tamil Nadu Tourism have become one of the key sectors of the economy, which contributes greatly to GDP and employment. Tourism is one of the greatest growing service industries in the country with excellent potential for further increase and diversification. Tourism plays an important role in the economic growth of any state. This significantly helps the government to make jobs for a large number of people. Moreover, it is (...) one of the imperative engines that attract more foreign exchange with its force. We need to focus on liberal policies, reduction of taxes, comprehensive packages and the impact on tourism and foreign investment. (shrink)

Nomadic tribes are the primitive tribe across the globe. They are the one who not along have played a vital role in preserving, conserving and predicting natural resource an eco system but also thought subsequent environment to use scientifically and commercially in the earlier days despite lack of facilities educative techniques they made themselves competent enough for transportation, logistics selling and buying their products and produce the medium of trans potation like hand crafts, bull carts, rolling pads are the some (...) of their inventions. In India we can find out many tribes like a Munda, kol Gond, Pardi etc among them Rajgond tribe also one. As the name, once they were the doctors of Royal families and they had strong and historical background of their patronage. Nowadays they are engaged with small occupations like selling Spices winding wire, Cleaning Ear, Selling Tea, and Groceries, but traditional occupation of herbal medicines is still continuing, and many of them well versed with Ayurvedic Medicinal knowledge. They were competent and wise enough in the earlier ancient ages to have there are equally effective medicinal system, even today their medicines are equally effective and relevant and even claimed on to be par with the modern medicine known as allopathic. A lay man, common man to intellectuals such as IAS, IPS and Public servants are regular users of their medicine and has an unbreakable faith in their medicinal knowledge and expertise. (shrink)

Transgender community in India has been a subject of systematic discrimination for centuries and because of this discrimination, the access to right to health of the community has been in a chokehold. The Supreme Court through its judgment in NALSA paved the way for progressive and affirmative rights for the community and there were a lot of expectations from the Transgender person Act, 2019 but the Act has simply failed to deliver. Especially in the healthcare front, the policies in India (...) have been inadequate to say the least. This article explores how in India there is no systematic right to health and hence, it is essential that there must be a law that confers it and in case of the transgender persons, this legislative intervention becomes imperative. Another facet of this article is the possible justifications for the State to provide gender affirmative healthcare services. I build upon the already existing principles such as autonomy and medical necessity. (shrink)

This paper discusses various issues of migrant workers in India due to Covid-19 lockdown. This study found that the family income of the villages is dependent on agriculture and migrant workers. The rural areas of the country lack improved agricultural land, education centers, medical facilities, self-sufficient livelihoods and alternative opportunities. The socio-economic status of migrant workers is known through various newspaper, T.V, journals and studies which reveal the real situation of the country. The lockdown has left millions of migrant workers (...) unemployed and reduced the economic status of permanent and temporary, short and long distance, seasonal workers, and the plight of the backward classes in the society through which the various promises made by the government can be realized. Migrant workers in the unorganized sector have faced various problems due to lack of proper information and lack of proper implementation of ration system. In conclusion, the Covid-19 has caused severe damage to the socio-economic conditions across the country. In developing countries like India, the government needs to take appropriate measures to address the plight of migrant workers through appropriate measures. The present research paper analyzes the socio-economic situation problems and the causes of migration. The study is based on secondary data collected from various newspapers, books, journals, government statistics, case studies etc. (shrink)

Mahesh Dattani is an authentic and realistic voice in the arena of contemporary Indian plays written in English. His play Seven Steps Around the Fire was first broadcast by BBC Radio on 9th January 1999 as Seven Circles Around the Fire. It was premiered on stage by MTC Production and The Madras Players on 6th August 1999. The play is a living reflection of Dattani’s abiding interest in the lives and experiences of a sexually marginalized section of the Indian society (...) -- the eunuchs. The main plot of the play revolves around the central character of Uma Rao, a Ph.D. scholar in Sociology, daughter of a Vice-Chancellor of Bangalore University and the wife of a Superintendent of Police. Uma, using rather unconventional means, uncovers the hushed up truth behind a murder in the city’s hijra community. The murder victim, Kamla, a beautiful eunuch had been secretly married to Subbu, the son of a wealthy government minister who, in order to avoid scandal, had the young hijra burned to death, and quickly arranged for his son to marry an ‘acceptable’ girl, befitting his social status. The corrupt police department in order to protect the minister from scandal, arrests Anarkali, an innocent eunuch, on the charge of Kamla’s murder. However, Anarkali’ s imprisonment lays bare a wide range of possibilities that offer scope to the readers of the play to inspect the manner in which hijras are treated in mainstream society. (shrink)

During the colonial period, infectious diseases like cholera, plague, smallpox, and influenza were prevalent in India. The British colonial government and the European countries were terrified of infectious diseases. The quarantine of the ships caused a loss to British trade. Discussions began at the international level to prevent epidemics. British colonial government passed the Epidemic Diseases Act in India to maintain international pressure and protect trade. In addition, the colonial rulers of India wanted to protect the Europeans in India. The (...) law gave special powers to doctors, ICS officers, and army officers to prevent epidemics. According to the law, any infected person was forcibly admitted to the hospital, disinfected of areas, houses, etc. The plague spread to Bombay, Pune, Calcutta, Karachi, and other cities. There was dissatisfaction among the people due to government restrictions. The Epidemic Diseases Act played an important role in controlling infectious epidemics. This law was enforced to prevent various infectious diseases in post-independence India. Currently, the Epidemic Diseases Act has been implemented to deal with the Covid 19 Pandemic. (shrink)

The key purpose of the current study is fostering twenty-first-century skills in teacher education to equip future educators to teach in an inclusive classroom setting. TE is a broad area that involves continuous attention to sociocultural procedures of transformation. Educators must embody a persistent search for advanced technologies in a variety of spheres of life, i.e. the freshest ideas, skills, and achievements. This study includes four 21st Century Skills: creativity, critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, and cooperation. If teachers can facilitate learners' (...) use of this way of teaching and reasoning in the twenty-first century, educators must provide enormous potential for educators to acquire, improve, and practice these skills. If educators are projected to equip learners with such methods of working and considerate in the twenty-first century, TE programs must provide multiple chances for teacher candidates to acquire, develop, and practice these skills in an inclusive classroom setting. Educators in the twenty-first century must possess both learning outcomes and the skill to integrate technologies into their instruction. The significance of TE programs cannot be overstated. The effect of teaching-learning is progressively getting recognized as a crucial driver of a socio-economic quality of life. Educators in the twenty-first century must develop learners' technical skills. The formation of capabilities dubbed 21st-century skills is gaining increased attention as a way of enhancing the educational quality of teachers. Yet, a significant obstacle to attaining expected improvements is a scarcity of situational awareness of teaching practices and relevant help promote teacher training in the twenty-first century in an inclusive classroom setting. This study analyzes pertinent works on TE to determine its suitability for inclusion. The study sheds light on the issues viewpoints, ideas, and policy practices of those involved in TE and investigates the mechanisms by which inclusion policy concepts are converted into the practices of professionals working in a variety of educational contexts. Furthermore, the study examined supporting issues as well as institutional and educational strategies for supporting TE for inclusion in the development of 21st-century skills in an inclusive classroom setting. (shrink)

The region as well as the Kolam community has a unique character and pattern of responses to any of the studies and development program me undertaken so far. Our studies have concluded that the usual temptation of generalizing the issues of all the communities as one has led to further marginalization of small tribal communities such as Kolam. Thus there is a need to consider the requirement of such specific tribes and modify any development intervention accordingly to achieve maximum results (...) for ensuring the existence of the tribe itself. Coming back to from where we began the million dollar question is for whose progress are the MDGs for? A report on the status of MDGs in different countries by UNDP 2004 states that with only a decade left to achieve the MDGs India not even half way through the set goals as far as reduction of infant and maternal mortality rates are concerned. Human Development Report 2005 too reasserts India's health state. And according to a recent study report in Lancet the MDG's would be achieved even if the indigenous population was left where it was on the development scale. So do the governments really care for the most marginalized and threatened communities. (shrink)

Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana is a financial inclusion scheme launched in India to provide financial services to all households in the country. The particular focus of scheme is to empower the weaker sections of society, including women, small & marginal farmers and labourers. Financial Inclusion is an important priority of the Government as it is an enabler for inclusive growth. The main objective of the scheme is to ensure universal access to banking facilities with at least one basic banking account (...) for every household. This study suggests that there is a need of lot of efforts to be done by government and private sector bank to contribute towards inclusive growth of country. In this study, researcher explains the benefits of PMJDY and the status of banks accounts opened under this scheme. An attempt is made to find the current status of PMJDY scheme and trend of financial inclusion in India. Keyword: Financial Inclusion, Inclusive Growth, PMJDY, Banking Facilities. (shrink)

The tribal India forms a distinct picture of the country. There are about 40 million tribals In India. They belong to over 200 ethnic groups or tribes, which are different from one another in terms of their racial, linguistic and cultural identity. They are concentrated in hills and forests, and are still cut-off from the main stream of development. It is necessary for all of us to try to understand what is best in them and try to preserve those values (...) even while we are trying to initiate them into the mysteries of modern civilization. The tribal people are, in fact, the original inhabitants of the soil. But, due to ignorance and poverty, they do not know their rights and privileges. After independence, the constitution of India provided safeguards for the Tribal people. To translate these constitutional provisions into practice special schemes were are still continuing. The Criminal Tribes Act 1924 came into force on 15.03.1924. It was an Act of consolidated laws relating to criminal tribes. If the provincial Government has reason to believe that any tribe, gang or class of person or any part of tribo, gang or class is addicted to systematic commission of non-bailable offences, then the Government was authorized to declare that such tribe, gang or class, as the case may be, is a criminal tribe for the purpose of the said Act. The Government was empowered to restrict the movement of the tribes or settle their place of residence. It had power to establish industrial, agricultural or reformative settlement for the criminal tribe. This Criminal Tribes Act, 1924 came to be repealed by the Criminal Tribes Laws Act, 1952. (shrink)

Adivasi -native people, indigenous people were condescendingly called Tribals' by the colonial masters, while the anthropologists made lucrative academic carriers by objectifying them through their studies, as if they are a different species to be showcased in the museums. There was decimation in the name of the white man's burden, arrogantly portrayed as the civilizing mission of the imperialist west. Human beings without private property or power hierarchies had existed for millennia, time immemorial. We started our journey from the caves, (...) hunting, gathering, and struggling to save ourselves from the forces of nature. We were originally a part of the nature, coexisting with it in a mutually liberating symphony- without polluting and devastating the environment like the present day multi-national corporations, in their relentless drive for profit maximization and commodification. (shrink)

The State is the original agency charged with the responsibility to implement development of the marginalized, centralized planning by experts who had no stakes involved led to development projects causing untold sufferings to the weak indigenous people. Collusion between the bureaucracy and influential sections of society led them to corner development benefits for themselves at the cost of the weak. The inability to understand and at times deliberately ignoring cultural practices of the tribals resulted in failure of development projects and (...) human rights violations. The N.G.Os capacity to understand the tribals and their informal style of functioning has positively benefited the tribals by bringing about positive social structures in their society. The awareness programmes and informal education that the NGO conducts makes the people aware of their rights, the method that the NGO follows namely that of participatory planning, action- reflection - action method has provided the people with a structure to analyze their situations and respond in a creative way. The Right to Information Act is another important instrument that the NGOs have used to help the tribals realize their right to development. (shrink)

Quality education was one of the Sustainable Development Goal from the 17th Sustainable Development Goals adopted in 2015, which aimed to establish the comprehensive and fair quality of education and improve lifelong learning hope for all the children around the globe. This study is set out to see how the Ministry of Education Heritage & Arts in the Pacific nation country of Fiji is playing its role in sustaining and meeting the targets of achieving the SDG of “Quality Education”. The (...) main aim of Quality Education is “no child left behind”. To achieve this, the Ministry of Education Heritage & Arts introduced technical vocational education through the conversion of some of the schools to the Technical College of Fiji. The primary purpose of Technical Vocational Education was to prevent students dropouts from secondary schools. The data was collected from two prominent secondary schools in Fiji, employing a qualitative approach through questionnaires. The questionnaire contained seven open-ended questions, which were then analyzed qualitatively. The results indicated that our countries Ministry of Education is playing its role in sustaining and meeting the SDG targets of “Quality Education”. (shrink)

Women in India are fatalities of numerous financial and social components. They are a essential piece of each economy. All around progression and pleasant development of a country would be possible just when Women are careful as equivalent accomplices in progress with men. Freedom of Women is a pre-essential for the country's financial progression and community upliftment. Destitution is the principal restraint for the improvement of Women. The job of women and the need to facilitate them are integral to human (...) improvement programs including neediness easing. anyway of different projects identifying with penury lightning has been begun, it was seen that women in country territories, mainly from the poor families could have profited. A strengthening development among women the nation over have been now turned by quick advancement in SHG arrangement. Monetary strengthening of country women brings about ladies' capability to impact or settle on a choice, expanded self-assurance, better status and role in the family unit and so forth. The agreement of SHGs isn't conclusively a miniaturized scale credit venture however a reinforcement procedure. The strengthening of women through SHGs would give an advantage not exclusively to the individual women yet in totalling for the family and network all in all through the aggregate activity for improvement. (shrink)

It is noted that the growth is very rapid for IoT as well as Machine Learning and it is highly spreading throughout all the areas. Small processors like Arduino & Raspberry Pi make the modernized development in the ground level within its application in the field of Aqua Culture. The farmers dealing with aquaculture were feeling difficulty in the quality of water maintenance, Feeding the food, and identifying the diseases. This is the exertion of the implementation of the quality of (...) water monitoring by employing Arduino, Raspberry Pi along with different sensors along with the machine learning algorithms applicable in the field of aquaculture. This arrangement will monitor the quality of water, feeding of food, recycling of water and the detection of diseases. The pH, Temperature and Electrical Conductivity is taken as the important parameters to maintain water quality for the better growth of fish. To ensure the survival fitness of aquatic life, the water quality is continuously monitored by the use of sensors. The acquisition of sensors is steered by Arduino and the data processing is carried out by Raspberry Pi. To ensure that the overfeeding or underfeeding is not happening, the automatic food dispenser is used here to supply constant food at certain periods. The Machine Learning algorithm techniques are being established to detect the diseases in the fish in the initial stage itself. The water pump is integrated with this process to make water recycle in a regular time gap. Hence, the projected smart arrangement is assumed to be the gainful and fully automated aquafarming process that can reduce the efforts and loss of large scale and small-scale investors. (shrink)

The study wants to review the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Indian in 2020. A study has done to highlight the impact of travelling in 2020 that had brought an alarming emergency in India. Travelling across the probe countries had widely circulated ‘novel coronavirus’ which is a respiratory virus that can cause illness ranging from common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Travelling through international flights had undoubtedly played an important role of spreading novel coronavirus. It had created a (...) pandemic situation to countries like USA, Italy, France, Europe, Russia and many more. In the year 2020, countries with improved medical facilities and well experienced medical staff were helpless to fix the problem. Other countries with weaker medical resources were facing high alert and emergency in the nation. The infected patients were treated through a combination of medication and no vaccine was introduced till 2020 against coronavirus. The study concluded the fact that could slow down the further spreading of novel coronavirus would be the total ban of international as well as domestic travelling all over the globe with partial or complete lockdown in countries till everyone get complete vaccinated. (shrink)

The Corona Virus disease, better distinguished as Covid-19, led to a global pandemic that has affected our lives in ways more than one. The fear of getting infected, unexpected lockdowns, implementation of the work from home policy and online classes is affecting the psychological well-being of every one of us. Following this context, this study aims to evaluate the mental well-being of the adult population dwelling in Mumbai: the area which is worst hit by the pandemic in India. This study (...) was conducted with the help of a survey. As a consequence of this pandemic, exponential growth in cases of anxiety, depression and several other neurological symptoms among individuals have been observed. The authors also discuss the other Neurological manifestations of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These findings scrupulously emphasize the importance of monitoring the mental well-being of individuals and providing necessary psychological intervention and other coping methods during these pandemic led times. (shrink)

Composition and diversity of zooplankton provide information on the characteristics and quality of the water body. Biomonitoring is the systematic use of living organisms or their responses to determine the quality of the environment. Therefore the present study was carried out in terms of zooplankton analysis in summer and rainy seasons i.e. March-August-2018 in four zones of Nagpur India. Water samples were collected from one sampling station in every month from each zone of Nagpur city. Zooplanktons were sampled using plankton (...) net. By qualitative and quantitative analysis of the zooplankton community, bio indicator species were selected for evaluation of water quality. The results revealed that zooplanktons are present in all wells of the selected zones. The identified zooplankton population in the present study were under 5 groups includes Protozoa, Ostracoda, Copepoda, Cladocera and Rotifera. Total 24 Zooplankton genera under 5 groups were recorded from the study area. Among the identified zooplankton the gp. Rotifera was dominant with 12 genus followed by Protozoa, Copepoda, Ostracoda, along with larvae of Copepods, like nauplius, nematode worms and some undesirable mosquito larvae and small fishes also were found in well waters of one zone in the month of May 2018. The findings of the present study will be helpful to improve management plans for well water quality control authorities of the city. (shrink)

Dattani’s plays are about the marginalized sections of our society – the minorities, women, gays and the eunuchs. His characters usually live on the edges and fringes of society and they, while not looking for acceptance, are often shown to be struggling to get as much fringe-space for themselves as they can. Dattani’s plays can also be seen as relentless assaults on Indian patriarchy. He struck his first blow on patriarchal domination by empowering the women characters in his first play, (...) Where There’s a Will. Dattani described the play as the exorcism of the patriarchal code. Women – be it daughter-in-law, wife or mistress – are dependent on men and this play “shows what happens when they are pushed to the edge”. In a line rich with suggestiveness, he makes a mistress say of her benefactor, “He saw in me a woman who would father him.’’ Indeed, the ‘Other’ woman, the conventionally maligned ‘keep’, turns out in this play to be a positive factor in stabilizing her former lover’s family. The play also exposes the social corruptions of the nouveau riche and the dynamics of power and domination operational within a family. (shrink)

Aniline is a primary aryl amine in which an amino functional group is substituted for one of the benzene hydrogen. It is a primary aryl mine and a member of anilines appears as yellowish to brownish oily liquid with a musty odour. Aniline has diverse uses in industry and in pharmaceuticals. It is used in rubber accelerators and antioxidants dyes and pigments fibres, photographic chemicals. It is also used in herbicides and fungicides. The objective of the present study is to (...) investigate the effect of aniline on thyroid gland in albino rats. Eighteen adults albino rats were divided into three groups A, B and C. Group A was control and provided with normal food and water as well as Group B and C were received 20 mg/kg bw of aniline daily for 15 and 30 days respectively. After the completion of treatment body and organs weight and histology of thyroid gland and evaluation of serum hormones were examined. Results showed that there is decrease in body weight and increase in organ weight in experimental group as compare to control group of animals. Histopathology of thyroid gland of treated rats showed increase in number of microfollicles, reduce colloid secretion, vacuolation in colloid, breakdown of capsular layer, follicular disruption, fusion of thyroid follicles and increase interfollicular space as compared to control. Hormonal analysis of thyroid gland of treated rats showed significant decreased in thyroid hormones Tri-iodothyronine, Tetra-iodothyronine level and increase Thyroid stimulating hormone level as compared to control. From the results, It can be conclude that the aniline has potential to exerts deleterious effect on structure and function of thyroid gland. (shrink)

The Rank-Size Rule is one of the method of analyzing total settlement networks in a region. Hence it is a tool for analyzing the national settlement system and helps in the description and interpretation of the relationship between rank and population size of urban places. When one looks into the various sizes of urban places in an area, it is commonly observed that there are a few large cities, many medium sized and host of small centre’s. This trend is universal (...) and can be observed at national and regional levels. In other words, the distribution of urban centres of varying sizes at different distances in a region is said to have certain relationship between the population size and rank on one hand and between the spacing and the hierarchical orders on the other under ideal theoretical conditions.The importance of this study is to find out if there is uniform development in the study area in terms of trade, transportation lines, industries, administration centres, educational and medical facilities and availability of other services and opportunities for the people of the all tahsils of Nagpur district. (shrink)

The scholar of language and history concluded that all the new Gondi scripts have not any linguistic base or evidence to prove these are original Gondi scripts which justify with Gondi language. The ancient evidence existed in Chanda kingdom of south Gondwana where the fort in forest was built by Gondraja Khandkya Ballalshah Atram in A.D. 1242. There is be evidence of ancient Gondi script which is mention in this research which proved this Gondi script is correct on the basis (...) of their vowels, consonants and grammar of the Gondi language. So government shall be noted and give us recognition to this script as well as language which helps to learn and write in modern school education system.Gond community must be understood about power of mother tongue Gondi. Various facts are necessary for the standardization and recognition of any language. (shrink)

AGPE The Royal Gondwana Research journal of History, Science, Economics, Political and Social science focuses on how we gain knowledge through innovation and how knowledge encourages new forms of innovation. Not all innovation leads to knowledge. Only enduring innovation that can be generalized across multiple fields creates theory and knowledge. AGPE The Royal Gondwana Research journal welcomes papers on innovations that improve the quality of knowledge or that can be used to develop knowledge. Innovation is a broad concept, covering innovation (...) processes, structures, outcomes, antecedents, and behaviors at the organizational level in the private and public sectors as well as at the individual, national, and professional levels. AGPE The Royal Gondwana Research journal articles explore knowledge related changes that introduce or encourage innovation to promote best practices within society. AGPE The Royal Gondwana Research journal publishes content in the form of theoretical articles, empirical studies employing quantitative or qualitative methods, practice-oriented papers, teaching-oriented papers, case studies, book reviews, conference reports, short articles on current trends in History, Economics, science, Political and Social science in society, abstracts of recent innovation and knowledge, PhDs, and shorter opinion-based and review articles, commentaries, and debates. AGPE The Royal Gondwana Research journal publishes state-of-the-art research on emerging topics in the world of innovation and knowledge and appeals to a broad readership. AGPE The Royal Gondwana Research journal’s articles should demonstrate contextual differences, while highlighting lessons for the wider audience.It is dedicated to the publication of high quality papers in the stream of History, Economics, Science, Political and Social Science etc. The purpose of this journal is to provide a platform for Researches, Scientists, Academicians, and Students all over the world to develop, share and discuss various new issues and developments in diverse areas innovative research. Moreover, it enhances the research skills and achieving the academic career. Researchers from institutional and industrial world are invited to publish their research articles in this journal.It’s glad to publishing first volume of AGPE The Royal Gondwana research Journal, We believe in quality research work and for this our experienced team of editorial board will do review of every research paper to maintain the quality standard of every volume.Please feel free to ask if you have any query. (shrink)

The Indian constitution has given to equality and right to live safely for all citizen of India. But spreading rumors through the social sites and media is main cause of local crowd beating badly and kills publicly to any suspects or accused without full information and police or judicial action, it turns the reliability of our constitution and justice system of nation. It seems that, in the most of mob lynching incidents this types of serious crime instigated by the political (...) support, governance, money and religion power of major religious & political leaders and local leadership, It causes police and administrative officers also involved to supporting leadership by their influence. (shrink)