Place is a geographical space with meaning attached to it, and philosophers think about the concept of place because of its role in understanding this meaning in relation to one’s self and the world. Many socio-political implications arise from place, but there are few prescriptions on how to use the concept or why we should even use it. In this paper, I discuss the previously proposed concepts of place and highlight how place gives rise to distinct types of discrimination. In (...) particular, I argue that place discrimination cannot be reduced to other forms of discrimination such as racial discrimination. I also discuss placism as a way to understand place alongside various oppressive structures and realities. (shrink)

The Neo-Fregean view individuates concepts at the level of Fregean senses. It is an internalist view according to which concepts can be described as ways of thinking that imply classifications and epistemic/normative inferences. In this paper, I argue that the Neo-Fregean view of concepts adequately characterises the targets of conceptual engineering (CE), which I depict as the activity of purposefully changing our concepts in order to change classifications and/or concept-implicit inferences. I discuss and reject rival views that either reduce the (...) targets of CE to linguistic meanings or classification procedures or characterise concepts in a psychological or concept-externalist manner. I argue that the Neo-Fregean view is a more encompassing and adequate characterisation of the targets of CE. (shrink)

Book review in English of: Eckart Förster, "Grenzen der Erkenntnis? Untersuchungen zu Kant und dem Deutschen Idealismus." Herausgegeben von Johannes Haag und Bodo Beyer. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: frommann-holzboog, 2022, 490 pp. ISBN 978-3-7728-2932-1. -/- Review published in: Studia philosophica 83 (2024): 178-181. (Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Philosophie: Basel / Berlin, Schwabe Verlag).

This paper considers the question whether the Scottish philosopher Mary Shepherd (1777–1847) endorses a form of nonconceptualism about mental states or their content. While the paper does not arrive at a definitive answer to the question, it paves the way to answering it in the future by demonstrating that there are prima facie promising ways to relate Shepherd to either of the previously mentioned forms of nonconceptualism – although I tentatively conclude that, ultimately, it will be more profitable to consider (...) her views in the context of content nonconceptualism. In arguing the way it does, this paper, then, also aims to bridge the often-lamented gap between the history of philosophy and our contemporary debates. (shrink)

Until recently, the term «narrative» has mostly been applied to novels and movies, but we can observe it being used more and more extensively in everyday communication, notably in news- paper articles and podcasts. It seems that the use of the term has evolved in response to new parameters in our world: the proliferation of new media, such as podcasts, video games, and virtual reality may have contributed to a broader and more flexible application. In this paper, I will argue (...) that we can account for both uses of the term with one theory of the concept of narrative. I will further argue that the expanded use of the term illuminates aspects of the con- cept that are not as prominent when the focus of its application is primarily on novels and movies. Specifically, I posit that the newly emerging properties are interactivity, immersion, and appropriation. (shrink)

The study concerns a possible private language in the philosophy of Gottlob Frege, particularly in his scarce investigation of indexicals such as ‘I’ and ‘now’. The indexicals may be seen as private from the late-Wittgensteinian perspective because their sense (Sinn) cannot be repeated outside of a specific linguistic context of the expression. The study examines whether these indexicals presuppose a private language. If Frege’s philosophy contains such privateness (for which only insufficient evidence can be found), it would be peculiar since (...) a major part of his work implies that all thoughts are objective and publicly communicable. However, the privateness in Frege’s remarks rather differs from Wittgenstein’s, for the indexical’s sense should be principally expressible at any time. (shrink)

The essay explores John Philoponus' commentary on Aristotle's original explanation of solar light and heat. Philoponus disagrees with Aristotle's approach that identifies heaven's matter with aether. He also tries to reconcile some presuppositions of Aristotelian physics with the observation that the Sun is fiery.

Cílem mého článku je podat kritiku fact-checkingu a navrhnout úpravy metodiky vedoucí ke zvýšení jeho epistemické relevance. Nejprve představím současný model fact-checkingu jako odvětví aplikované epistemologie, jeho metodiku a cíle. Dále vymezím a zhodnotím epistemické charakteristiky procesu fact-checkingu modelovaného coby typ přesvědčovacího dialogu. Jakou měrou by měl institucionalizovaný fact-checking ovlivňovat důvěru veřejnosti v hodnocená tvrzení? Jaké jsou epistemologické charakteristiky hodnotících kritérií fact checkingu? Kdy jsou fact-checkingová kritéria objektivní?

The essay explores the Pythagorean explanation of the origin of the Sun's light and warmth, particularly in the fragments of Philolaus. His cosmological notion of the Sun centers around the idea that the Sun is merely a medium between the Earth and the primal source of warmth and light.

Problematika genových manipulací u člověka je velmi úzce spjata s eugenikou 20. století, přičemž moderní metody manipulující s lidským genomem bývají velmi často označovány za "eugenické" a na základě toho hodnoceny jako morálně nepřijatelné. Článek si klade za cíl představit problematiku tendenčního využívání definice pojmu eugenika v souvislosti s moderními genovými technologiemi a dochází k názoru, že cílené využívání záporné definice eugeniky záměrně vyvolávající negativní konotace může být v některých případech týkajících se genových technologií kontraproduktivní, a proto by tato definice (...) neměla být používána. (shrink)

Der Beitrag möchte das Verhältnis von Wachsein und Träumen in fundamentalontologischer Hinsicht bedenken: Inwiefern kann das Wachsein für Träume das Existenzial der Möglichkeit erschließen? Haben uns Träume etwas zu sagen und was geben sie uns zu verstehen? Vor dem Hintergrund des langjährigen Gesprächs zwischen dem Psychiater Medard Boss und dem Philosophen Martin Heidegger soll die Zusammengehörigkeit von Modalontologie und Hermeneutik aufgezeigt werden.