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  1.  5
    A Brief Overview of Research into the Forgot‐It‐All‐Along Effect.Kristine Anthony & Steve M. J. Janssen - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):675-690.
    People often have difficulties remembering prior episodes of remembering, a phenomenon known as the forgot-it-all-along (FIA) effect. Although the effect was first discovered among victims of spontaneously recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse, laboratory paradigms of the FIA have shown that difficulties in remembering “remembering” can be elicited when the memory was previously recalled in a different context. Although much attention has been paid to establishing the robustness of the FIA phenomenon, little emphasis has been placed on the cognitive mechanisms (...)
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  2.  2
    Introduction to topiCS Volume 16, Issue 4.Andrea Bender - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):572-573.
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  3.  8
    The Multiple Roles of Emotion in Interpretation and Memory of Sexual Consent.Deborah Davis, Joseph Cano, Gage Miller & Elizabeth Loftus - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):644-660.
    In this paper, we explore the role of emotion in the interpretation and memory of sexual encounters. We consider situations likely to generate negative emotions during sex, and the mechanisms through which the experience of negative emotions can lead to false memories of coercion and mislabeling of an encounter as sexual assault. Specifically, we consider the role of emotion in directing attention during a sexual encounter and the effects of emotion as context for interpretation at the time of the encounter, (...)
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  4.  6
    Repressed Memories (of Sexual Abuse Against Minors) and Statutes of Limitations in Europe: Status Quo and Possible Alternatives.Driek Deferme, Henry Otgaar, Olivier Dodier, André Körner, Ivan Mangiulli, Harald Merckelbach, Melanie Sauerland, Michele Panzavolta & Elizabeth F. Loftus - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):630-643.
    One of the most heated debates in psychological science concerns the concept of repressed memory. We discuss how the debate on repressed memories continues to surface in legal settings, sometimes even to suggest avenues of legal reform. In the past years, several European countries have extended or abolished the statute of limitations for the prosecution of sexual crimes. Such statutes force legal actions (e.g., prosecution of sexual abuse) to be applied within a certain period of time. One of the reasons (...)
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  5. Beyond Repressed Memory: Current Alternative Solutions to the Controversy.Olivier Dodier, Henry Otgaar & Ivan Mangiulli - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):574-589.
    Debates surrounding the origin of recovered memories of child abuse have traditionally focused on two conflicting arguments, namely that these memories are either false memories or instances of repressed memories (i.e., reflecting the idea that people can unconsciously block traumatic autobiographical experiences and eventually regain access). While scientific evidence for the first is clearly established, the second is the subject of a controversy in the academic, clinical, and legal fields. This controversy rages on today. In this introductory article to our (...)
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  6.  2
    Early Childhood Memories Are not Repressed: Either They Were Never Formed or Were Quickly Forgotten.Mark L. Howe - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):707-717.
    Early childhood events are rarely remembered in adulthood. In fact, memory for these early experiences declines during childhood itself. This holds regardless of whether these memories of autobiographical experiences are traumatic or mundane, everyday experiences. Indeed, what people tend to remember from their childhoods involves relatively innocuous experiences, ones often devoid of emotion. In this article, I provide an overview of the types of memories adults recall from their childhoods and the ages at which these memories are believed to have (...)
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  7.  5
    Dissociative Amnesia? It Might be Organic Memory Loss!Marko Jelicic - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):770-776.
    This article discusses the possibility of practitioners who mistake organic memory loss for dissociative amnesia. It starts with the case of a young man with complete retrograde amnesia due to a traumatic head injury. Because he did not show any gross neurological abnormalities, a neurologist thought his amnesia had a psychological origin. An extensive neuropsychological examination revealed that the man did have an organic reason for his amnesia. Next, the existence of dissociative memory loss as well as isolated organic retrograde (...)
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  8.  2
    The Return of Repression? Evidence From Cognitive Psychology.Richard J. McNally - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):661-674.
    The controversy over alleged repressed and recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was among the most contentious ever to embroil psychology and psychiatry. Adapting paradigms from cognitive psychology, my research group tested hypotheses pertinent to repressed memory and false memory interpretations of recovered memories. We tested adults who: (1) report recovering memories of CSA after not having thought about their abuse for years; (2) report never having forgotten their CSA; (3) believe they harbor “repressed” memories of CSA; and (4) (...)
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  9.  4
    Did Dissociative Amnesia Evolve?Lawrence Patihis - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):608-615.
    Dissociative amnesia is a diagnosis category that implies a proposed mechanism (often called dissociation) by which amnesia is caused by psychogenic means, such as trauma, and that amnesia is reversible later. Dissociative amnesia is listed in some of the most influential diagnostic manuals. Authors have noted the similarities in definition to repressed memories. Dissociative amnesia is a disputed category and phenomenon, and here I discuss the plausibility that this cognitive mechanism evolved. I discuss some general conditions by which cognitive functions (...)
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  10.  8
    Dissociative Amnesia: Remembrances Under Cover.Angelica Staniloiu & Hans J. Markowitsch - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):590-607.
    The existence or questionability of “repressed memories” can be discussed as being a matter of definition. It seems, however, far-fetched to consider all “lost” memories as caused by encoding problems, brain damage, forgetfulness, failure to disclose events, and so on. We argue that dissociative amnesia (DA) (or “psychogenic amnesia,” or “functional amnesia,” or, as we favor to call it, “mnestic block syndrome”) is caused by psychic alterations, but ultimately they can be traced to changes in the physiology of the brain, (...)
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  11.  3
    What the Acute Stress Response Suggests about Memory.Ayanna K. Thomas & Alia N. Wulff - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):691-706.
    Research suggests that stress has immediate and long-term effects on attention and memory. Rather than disrupting memory formation and consolidation, acute stress has been shown to shift attention processes resulting in a tradeoff between prioritized and nonprioritized information. Both arousal and stress result in cognitive and neurobiological shifts that often support memory formation. When an acute stressor occurs, it can distort immediate attentional focus, increasing processing for high-priority features while reducing processing for extraneous features. The downstream cognitive consequences for this (...)
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  12.  3
    Suppression‐Induced Forgetting as a Model for Repression.Ineke Wessel - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):731-751.
    The Think/No-Think (T/NT) task was designed to test whether the deliberate avoidance of retrieving a memory (i.e., suppression) hinders the subsequent recall of that memory. Forgetting effects obtained with the T/NT-task (Suppression-Induced Forgetting) are thought to result from memory inhibition: the deactivation of the representation of the to-be-suppressed memory. Memory inhibition can be specifically inferred from decreased performance on a test using Independent Probes—cues that are unrelated to the initial study phase in the T/NT-procedure. The present contribution explores the evidence (...)
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  13.  7
    Suppression and Memory for Childhood Traumatic Events: Trauma Symptoms and Non‐Disclosure.Yuerui Wu, Dana Hartman, Yan Wang, Deborah Goldfarb & Gail S. Goodman - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):718-730.
    Self-reported lost memory of child sexual abuse (CSA) can be mistaken for “repressed memory.” Based on our longitudinal studies of memory and disclosure in child maltreatment victims who are now adults, we discuss findings relevant to “repressed memory cases.” We examined relations between self-report of temporarily lost memory of CSA (subjective forgetting) and memory accuracy for maltreatment-related experiences (objective memory). Across two studies involving separate samples, we find evidence for memory suppression rather than repression: (1) Most adults who claimed temporary (...)
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  14.  6
    Two Cases of Malingered Crime‐Related Amnesia.Stefano Zago, Alice N. Preti, Teresa Difonzo, Annalisa D'Errico, Giuseppe Sartori, Andrea Zangrossi & Nadia Bolognini - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (4):752-769.
    Amnesia is a frequent claim in major crimes, and it is estimated that the complete or partial absence of memory following a crime ranges from 25% to 50% of total cases. Although some cases may constitute a genuine form of amnesia, due to organic-neurological defects or psychological causes, and possibly combined with a dissociative or repressive coping style after an extreme experience, malingering is still fairly common in offenders. Therefore, one of the main goals in medico-legal proceedings is to find (...)
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  15.  3
    Introduction to topiCS Volume 16, Issue 3.Andrea Bender - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (3):346-348.
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  16.  8
    When a Robot Is Your Teammate.Filipa Correia, Francisco S. Melo & Ana Paiva - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (3):527-553.
    Creating effective teamwork between humans and robots involves not only addressing their performance as a team but also sustaining the quality and sense of unity among teammates, also known as cohesion. This paper explores the research problem of: how can we endow robotic teammates with social capabilities to improve the cohesive alliance with humans? By defining the concept of a human–robot cohesive alliance in the light of the multidimensional construct of cohesion from the social sciences, we propose to address this (...)
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  17.  8
    Understanding Human Cognition Through Computational Modeling.Janet Hui-wen Hsiao - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (3):349-376.
    One important goal of cognitive science is to understand the mind in terms of its representational and computational capacities, where computational modeling plays an essential role in providing theoretical explanations and predictions of human behavior and mental phenomena. In my research, I have been using computational modeling, together with behavioral experiments and cognitive neuroscience methods, to investigate the information processing mechanisms underlying learning and visual cognition in terms of perceptual representation and attention strategy. In perceptual representation, I have used neural (...)
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  18.  10
    Understanding Human−Autonomy Teams Through a Human−Animal Teaming Model.Heather C. Lum & Elizabeth K. Phillips - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (3):554-567.
    The relationship between humans and animals is complex and influenced by multiple variables. Humans display a remarkably flexible and rich array of social competencies, demonstrating the ability to interpret, predict, and react appropriately to the behavior of others, as well as to engage others in a variety of complex social interactions. Developing computational systems that have similar social abilities is a critical step in designing robots, animated characters, and other computer agents that appear intelligent and capable in their interactions with (...)
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  19.  58
    The Role of Decision Authority and Stated Social Intent as Predictors of Trust in Autonomous Robots.Joseph B. Lyons, Sarah A. Jessup & Thy Q. Vo - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (3):430-449.
    Prior research has demonstrated that trust in robots and performance of robots are two important factors that influence human–autonomy teaming. However, other factors may influence users’ perceptions and use of autonomous systems, such as perceived intent of robots and decision authority of the robots. The current study experimentally examined participants’ trust in an autonomous security robot (ASR), perceived trustworthiness of the ASR, and desire to use an ASR that varied in levels of decision authority and benevolence. Participants (N = 340) (...)
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  20.  5
    Introduction to the Emerging Cognitive Science of Distributed Human‐Autonomy Teams.Christopher W. Myers, Nancy J. Cooke, Jamie C. Gorman & Nathan J. McNeese - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (3):377-390.
    Teams are a fundamental aspect of life—from sports to business, to defense, to science, to education. While the cognitive sciences tend to focus on information processing within individuals, others have argued that teams are also capable of demonstrating cognitive capacities similar to humans, such as skill acquisition and forgetting (cf., Cooke, Gorman, Myers, & Duran, 2013; Fiore et al., 2010). As artificially intelligent and autonomous systems improve in their ability to learn, reason, interact, and coordinate with human teammates combined with (...)
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  21.  24
    EveryBOTy Counts: Examining Human–Machine Teams in Open Source Software Development.Olivia B. Newton, Samaneh Saadat, Jihye Song, Stephen M. Fiore & Gita Sukthankar - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (3):450-484.
    In this study, we explore the future of work by examining differences in productivity when teams are composed of only humans or both humans and machine agents. Our objective was to characterize the similarities and differences between human and human–machine teams as they work to coordinate across their specialized roles. This form of research is increasingly important given that machine agents are becoming commonplace in sociotechnical systems and playing a more active role in collaborative work. One particular class of machine (...)
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  22.  8
    Estimating Systemic Cognitive States from a Mixture of Physiological and Brain Signals.Matthias Scheutz, Shuchin Aeron, Ayca Aygun, J. P. de Ruiter, Sergio Fantini, Cristianne Fernandez, Zachary Haga, Thuan Nguyen & Boyang Lyu - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (3):485-526.
    As human–machine teams are being considered for a variety of mixed-initiative tasks, detecting and being responsive to human cognitive states, in particular systematic cognitive states, is among the most critical capabilities for artificial systems to ensure smooth interactions with humans and high overall team performance. Various human physiological parameters, such as heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, and skin conductance, as well as brain activity inferred from functional near-infrared spectroscopy or electroencephalogram, have been linked to different systemic cognitive states, such (...)
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  23.  11
    Prospects for Augmenting Team Interactions with Real‐Time Coordination‐Based Measures in Human‐Autonomy Teams.Travis J. Wiltshire, Kyana van Eijndhoven, Elwira Halgas & Josette M. P. Gevers - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (3):391-429.
    Complex work in teams requires coordination across team members and their technology as well as the ability to change and adapt over time to achieve effective performance. To support such complex interactions, recent efforts have worked toward the design of adaptive human-autonomy teaming systems that can provide feedback in or near real time to achieve the desired individual or team results. However, while significant advancements have been made to better model and understand the dynamics of team interaction and its relationship (...)
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  24.  16
    (2 other versions)Introduction to topiCS Volume 16, Issue 1.Andrea Bender - 2024 - Topics in Cognitive Science 16 (1):4-5.
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