American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience

ISSNs: 2150-7740, 2150-7759

111 found

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  1.  7
    Mending the Language Barrier: The Need for Ethics Communication in Neuroethics.Katherine Bassil - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):402-405.
    Wexler and Specker Sullivan (2023) reflect on the field of neuroethics by highlighting criticisms from both scholars within and outside the field. Among these criticisms, are claims that neuroethic...
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  2.  5
    Translational (Neuro)Ethics: A Call for Supporting Equitable Determinants of Academic Practical Ethics.Kristine Bærøe - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):416-418.
    In the paper “Translational Neuroethics: A Vision for a More Integrated, Inclusive, and Impactful Field,” Wexler and Sullivan provide an insightful analysis of challenges within the field and how t...
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  3.  5
    (Re-)Redefining Neuroethics to Meet the Challenges of the Future.Noa Cohen - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):421-424.
    Today, nearly two years after Wexler and Sullivan’s (2023) article was first published, the crucial questions discussed therein are all the more pertinent and troubling. The advent of novel interve...
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  4.  18
    Cognitive Enhancement and Social Mobility: Skepticism from India.Jayashree Dasgupta, Georgia Lockwood Estrin, Jesse Summers & Ilina Singh - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):341-351.
    Cognitive enhancement (CE) covers a broad spectrum of methods, including behavioral techniques, nootropic drugs, and neuromodulation interventions. However, research on their use in children has almost exclusively been carried out in high-income countries with limited understanding of how experts working with children view their use in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). This study examines perceptions on cognitive enhancement, their techniques, neuroethical issues about their use from an LMICs perspective.Seven Indian experts were purposively sampled for their expertise in bioethics, child (...)
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  5.  4
    Editors’ Statement on the Responsible Use of Generative AI Technologies in Scholarly Journal Publishing.Gregory E. Kaebnick, David Christopher Magnus, Audiey Kao, Mohammad Hosseini, David Resnik, Veljko Dubljević, Christy Rentmeester, Bert Gordijn & Mark J. Cherry - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):337-340.
    The new generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools, and especially the large language models (LLMs) of which ChatGPT is the most prominent example, have the potential to transform many aspects o...
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  6.  5
    Neuroethics & Bioethics: Distinct but Not Separate.K. Evers, M. Guerrero & M. Farisco - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):414-416.
    Wexler and Specker (2023) offer a review of criticisms directed against what they describe as the relatively new field of neuroethics and offer as solution the development of a more “integrated, in...
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  7.  6
    The Difficulty of Universal Neurorights.Lydia Feito - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):380-382.
    In their article, Herrera-Ferrá et al. (2023) mention the publication by Yuste et al. (2021) where they pointed out that “currently, there is no international consensus on what constitutes neuro-ri...
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  8.  9
    How Cognitive Enhancement Could Impact Brain Drain – Hence Social Mobility Globally.Mirko Daniel Garasic - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):352-354.
    In their article “Cognitive Enhancement and Social Mobility: Skepticism from India,” Jayashree Dasgupta, Georgia Lockwood Estrin, Jesse Summers and Ilina Singh (2023) call for further investigation...
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  9.  5
    Psychedelics as a Holistic Cognitive Enhancement.Richard B. Gibson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):355-357.
    In their study, Dasgupta et al. interviewed seven Indian-based experts to gauge their views on using cognitive enhancement (CE) technologies from a low-and-middle-income country perspective. Specif...
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  10.  6
    Making the Cut: What Could Be Evidence for a ‘Minimal Definition of the Neurorights’?Frederic Gilbert & Ingrid Russo - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):382-384.
    In their article, Herrera-Ferra et al. (2023) highlight how the progress and implementation of neurotechnology, especially in conjunction with artificial intelligence, have revealed potential impli...
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  11.  15
    Contextual and Cultural Perspectives on Neurorights: Reflections Toward an International Consensus.Karen Herrera-Ferrá, José M. Muñoz, Humberto Nicolini, Garbiñe Saruwatari Zavala & Víctor Manuel Martínez Bullé Goyri - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):360-368.
    The development and use of advanced and innovative neuroscience, neurotechnology and some forms of artificial intelligence have exposed potential threats to the human condition, including human rights. As a result, reconceptualizing or creating human rights (i.e. neurorights) has been proposed to address specific brain and mind issues like free will, personal identity and cognitive liberty. However, perceptions, interpretations and meanings of these issues—and of neurorights—may vary between countries, contexts and cultures, all relevant for an international-consensus definition and implementation of neurorights. (...)
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  12.  7
    Synergies of Translational and Transnational Neuroethics for Global Neuroscience.Judy Illes & Anthony J. Hannan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):400-401.
    The momentum for global neuroscience that is geopolitically-free has never been greater, and neuroethics holds a unique place in this context both in its translational and transnational forms.In th...
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  13.  6
    In Defense of the Cultural Insensitivity of Neurorights.Shu Ishida & Ryuma Shineha - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):385-387.
    With the rapid advance in emerging neuroscience and neurotechnology, scholars and practitioners have urged the necessity of a governance framework and promoted the notion of “neurorights.” It refer...
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  14.  3
    Are Neurorights Global?Nancy S. Jecker & Andrew Ko - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):369-371.
    Neurorights were first articulated in response to perceived threats from advances in neurotechnology and artificial intelligence (AI). They purport to protect people’s cognitive capabilities agains...
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  15.  8
    The Future of Human Cerebral Organoids: A Reply to Commentaries.Andrea Lavazza & Federico Zilio - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4).
    Human brain organoids (HCOs) are laboratory-grown biological entities that have been added to the catalog of living entities for just over a decade. How they are formed and may continue to develop...
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  16.  6
    A Braver Neuroethics that Matters in (and for) Africa.Olivia P. Matshabane & Cornelius Ewuoso - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):410-413.
    Anna Wexler and Laura Specker Sullivan (2023) draw on their positionality as Global North early career neuroethics scholars to initiate a meaningful and timely conversation on Translational Neuroet...
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  17.  7
    The Potential Harms of Speculative Neuroethics Research.Amanda R. Merner & Cynthia S. Kubu - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):418-421.
    Wexler and Specker Sullivan (2023) note that, “unbridled speculation can imperil the credibility of neuroethics, generate unrealistic expectations amongst different stakeholders, take up time that...
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  18.  6
    Zooming Out from the Brain to Foster Translational Neuroethics.José M. Muñoz & Javier Bernácer - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):405-407.
    In their valuable call-for-action article, Wexler and Specker Sullivan (2023) propose an integration–inclusion–impact axis for “translational neuroethics,” to face the challenges and criticisms tha...
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  19.  12
    Neurorights to Free Will: Remaining in Danger of Impossibility.Koji Ota - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):377-379.
    Neurorights, as “new human rights,” have been increasingly recognized in the literature. In the Neurorights Initiative, these rights are supposed to be directed toward mental privacy, free will, pe...
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  20.  9
    Designing New Neurorights: Tasking and Translating Them to All Humanity.John R. Shook & James Giordano - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):372-374.
    As Herrera-Ferrá et al. (2023) carefully explain, the contentious legacy of human rights should not prevent the re-crafting of particular ethico-legal responsibilities and obligations focal to the...
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  21.  11
    Cognitive Enhancement Inevitably Leads to Discrimination against Women.Konrad Szocik - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):357-359.
    The paper titled “Cognitive Enhancement and Social Mobility: Skepticism from India,” written by Jayashree Dasgupta and colleagues (2023) is a very valuable addition to the Western discourse on huma...
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  22.  6
    Inviting Clinicians to Become Neuroethicists: The Value of Shared Language for Integration in Neuroethics.Annie Trang & Margot Kelly-Hedrick - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):408-410.
    Wexler and Sullivan (2023) recommend integration as a guiding principle for translational neuroethics. We agree that collaboration between neuroethicists and other professionals can advance the fie...
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  23.  4
    Re-Routing Along the Path to Enshrine Global Neurorights.Helen S. Webster & Lauren R. Sankary - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):375-377.
    Herrera-Ferrá et al.’s (2023) attention to the cultural context of the neurorights movement contributes to the growing conversation on establishing neurorights in response to advancements in neuros...
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  24.  6
    Translational Neuroethics: A Vision for a More Integrated, Inclusive, and Impactful Field.Anna Wexler & Laura Specker Sullivan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4):388-399.
    As early-career neuroethicists, we come to the field of neuroethics at a unique moment: we are well-situated to consider nearly two decades of neuroethics scholarship and identify challenges that have persisted across time. But we are also looking squarely ahead, embarking on the next generation of exciting and productive neuroethics scholarship. In this article, we both reflect backwards and turn our gaze forward. First, we highlight criticisms of neuroethics, both from scholars within the field and outside it, that have focused (...)
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  25.  5
    DBS-Induced Changes in Personality, Agency, Narrative and Identity.William L. Allen, James Giordano & Michael S. Okun - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):300-302.
    Substantial discussion in the neuroethical literature has addressed the possibility that deep brain stimulation (DBS) and adaptive DBS (aDBS) could result in changes in personality, agency, and ide...
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  26.  8
    Supported Decision Making “Adaptive Suit” for Non-Dominating Mental Scaffolding.Oren Asman & Meytal Segal-Reich - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):238-240.
    The mental prosthesis model (Silvers and Francis 2009) suggests that interpersonal “prosthetic” thinking could support decision making for people with limited cognitive capacities, and positions th...
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  27.  3
    Meaningful Residual Function, Permanence and Brain Death.Ramesh K. Batra & Stephen R. Latham - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):269-271.
    We share Nair-Collins and Joffe's (2023) concern with the accuracy of the “whole brain-death” diagnosis, which fails to take into account current understandings of residual brain function (neurohor...
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  28.  3
    The Brain-as-a-Whole Criterion and the Uniform Determination of Death Act.James L. Bernat - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):271-274.
    Nair-Collins and Joffe (2023) highlighted the noncongruence between the language of the Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) and the accepted brain death bedside testing standard by showing th...
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  29.  5
    Re-Examining Different Stakeholder Views on Changes in Personality: Adding Nuance to the Discussion.Robyn Bluhm & Laura Yenisa Cabrera - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):302-304.
    Neuroethicists have paid significant attention to reports of personality changes in patients being treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS), to the point where some have suggested that theoretical...
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  30.  5
    A Decision-Theoretic Approach to Assisted Medical Decision-Making.Camilla F. Colombo & Saskia K. Nagel - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):241-243.
    Medical decision-making on behalf of intellectually and developmentally disabled (IDD) patients amounts to a critical challenge, one which has been widely discussed by bioethicists, medical, and le...
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  31.  7
    Relational Autonomy, the Ethics of Responsibility, and Supported Decision-Making for Patients with Diminished Capacity.James J. Cordeiro & Marija Kirjanenko - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):244-246.
    We join McCarthy and Howard (2023) in advocating supported decision-making for patients with diminished mental capacity that meaningfully expands the role of trustees beyond merely channeling the i...
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  32. Relational Autonomy, the Ethics of Responsibility, and Supported Decision-Making for Patients with Diminished Capacity.James J. Cordeiro & Marija Kirjanenko - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):175-177.
     
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  33.  12
    The Accelerated Approval of Aducanumab Invites a Rethink of the Current Model of Drug Development for Alzheimer's Disease.Timothy Daly & Stéphane Epelbaum - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):332-335.
    It is a tale of two Pfizers. In 2018 they abandoned research into the leading cause of dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) (Hawkes 2018). In 2021, they developed the first vaccine for Covid-19 to re...
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  34.  5
    Certainty, Science, and the Brain-Based Definition of Death.Dominique E. Martin, Cynthia Forlini & Emma Tumilty - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):279-282.
    Nair-Collins and Joffe (2023) highlight the complexities inherent to the clinical diagnosis of death by neurologic criteria and inconsistencies between legal, scientific, and clinical standards for...
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  35.  4
    Caused by Deep Brain Stimulation? How to Measure a Je ne Sais Quoi.Frederic Gilbert, Ingrid Russo & Christian Ineichen - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):305-307.
    The question of whether Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), as open-loop, closed-loop or adaptative technology, induces unwanted effects on patients’ personality is still an ongoing multidisciplinary deb...
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  36.  4
    Why Taking Psychosocial Effects of Neurotechnology Seriously Matters.Sara Goering & Eran Klein - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):307-309.
    The potential psychosocial effects of neurotechnology, particularly deep brain stimulation (DBS), have been at the center of a contentious debate within neuroethics. Many scholars have argued that...
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  37.  6
    The Control and Privacy of Your Most Intimate Information: Navigating the Battle for Your Brain.Dov Greenbaum & Mark Gerstein - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):328-331.
    The brain is a complex and fascinating organ that plays a crucial role in shaping individuality. Despite years of research, both the physical brain and the metaphysical mind remain mysterious, espe...
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  38.  3
    Maybe Whole-Brain Death Was Never the Point.Stephen S. Hanson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):277-279.
    As Nair-Collins and Joffe note, the concern that our tests for brain death do not successfully show that all brain functions have stopped is not new (Nair-Collins and Joffe 2023). As our abilities...
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  39.  2
    Using Neuroscientific and Clinical Context to Assess and Manage Changes in Core Personal Traits Caused by Deep Brain Stimulation.Colin W. Hoy, Simon J. Little & Winston Chiong - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):310-312.
    Recent debate has arisen in the neuroethics literature on the extent to which deep brain stimulation (DBS) may cause changes to core personal traits. This has prompted calls for more empirical data...
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  40.  7
    Reflecting on the Past and Future of Neuroethics: The Brain on a Pedestal.Judy Illes - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):223-226.
    In October 2022, I had the privilege of joining Hank Greely on the opening panel of the annual International Neuroethics Society (INS) meeting in Montréal, Tiohtiá:ke, situated on the traditional t...
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  41.  7
    Mental Prosthesis Strikes Back.Shu Ishida - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):247-249.
    McCarthy and Howard (2023) develop an ethical case for supported decision-making in medical contexts, mainly building upon the republican ideal of non-domination. Their theoretical inquiry is of mu...
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  42. Supported Decision-Making: Non-Domination Rather than Mental Prosthesis.Allison M. McCarthy & Dana Howard - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):227-237.
    Recently, bioethicists and the UNCRPD have advocated for supported medical decision-making on behalf of patients with intellectual disabilities. But what does supported decision-making really entail? One compelling framework is Anita Silvers and Leslie Francis’ mental prosthesis account, which envisions supported decision-making as a process in which trustees act as mere appendages for the patient’s will; the trustee provides the cognitive tools the patient requires to realize her conception of her own good. We argue that supported decision-making would be better understood (...)
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  43.  15
    Changes in Personality, Mood, and Behavior Following Deep Brain Stimulation: No Progress Without Concepts.Lukas J. Meier - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):312-314.
    -/- Zuk et al. (2023) examined researchers’ views on how deep brain stimulation may impact patients’ personality, mood, and behaviour (PMB). The team found that experts vary substantially in the notion of personality they employ. However, despite noting the lack of conceptual precision, no attempt was made at scientifically defining any of the involved concepts, so that the results of the different interviews remain largely incommensurable. In this comment, I am doing the interpretative work that the authors should have undertaken (...)
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  44.  7
    The Indisputable Finality of Brain Death: Debunking Ambiguities and Reasserting a Fundamental Diagnosis.Ricardo Diaz Milian & Pablo Moreno Franco - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):274-276.
    Brain death, or death by neurological criteria (BD/DNC) is the permanent loss of brain function as defined by an unresponsive coma, loss of brainstem reflexes, and the ability to breathe without me...
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  45.  31
    Defining Function in Medicine: Bridging the Gap between Biology and Clinical Practice.Alberto Molina-Pérez - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):282-285.
    The classification of preserved hypothalamic activity in brain death and brainstem death as functional or non-functional has become a subject of debate. While proponents of the neurological criterion claim that these activities lack functional significance (Shemie et al. 2014), Nair-Collins and Joffe (2023) argue for their functional physiological role. However, the interpretation of the term "function" within the medico-legal framework, where death is characterized by the irreversible cessation of all brain functions, remains unclear. -/- My intention here is not to (...)
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  46.  2
    Frequent Preservation of Neurologic Function in Brain Death and Brainstem Death Entails False-Positive Misdiagnosis and Cerebral Perfusion.Michael Nair-Collins & Ari R. Joffe - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):255-268.
    Some patients who have been diagnosed as “dead by neurologic criteria” continue to exhibit certain brain functions, most commonly, neuroendocrine functions. This preservation of neurologic function after the diagnosis of “brain death” or “brainstem death” is an ongoing source of controversy and concern in the medical, bioethics, and legal literatures. Most obviously, if some brain function persists, then it is not the case that all functions of the entire brain have ceased and hence, declaring such a patient to be “dead” (...)
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  47.  6
    Artificial Intelligence and Medicine: A Non-Dominant, Objective Approach to Supported Decision-Making?Nicolas Pinto-Pardo & Priscilla Ledezma - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):249-252.
    McCarthy and Howard (2023) present a “Non-Domination” approach to supported decision-making, specially to help intellectually and developmentally disabled (IDD) patients rather than “Mental Prosthe...
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  48.  4
    Do Changes in Personality, Mood and Behavior Need to Be Incorporated in Quality of Life Assessment?Eman Sharawy - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):315-317.
    The definition of “personality” and related concepts is both unclear and not unified among medical, scientific, humanities and social sciences experts (i.e., essentialist, dynamic view of self, nar...
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  49.  4
    Incorporating Next-Generation Views on Changes in Personality, Mood, and Behavior in Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation Devices.Ian Stevens - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):317-319.
    The findings identified by Zuk et al. (2023) demonstrate the importance of understanding personality, mood, and behavior (PMB) as theory and value-laden concepts. Although their research covered bo...
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  50.  7
    Deep Brain Stimulation and Changes in “Personality”: A Catch-All with Merits and Pitfalls.Cassandra J. Thomson & Adrian Carter - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):320-322.
    The 30th anniversary of the first DBS surgery of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for Parkinson’s disease was celebrated in Grenoble this June. Since this initial surgery, the application of DBS has e...
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  51.  7
    The Socio-political Perspective in Neuroethics: Applications, Clarifications & Extensions.Katharina Trettenbach, Robert Ranisch & Veljko Dubljević - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):1-3.
    In the article “The Socio-Political Roles of Neuroethics and the Case of Klotho,” we proposed a socio-political approach to neuroethics, inspired by John Rawls’s roles for political philosophy. In...
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  52.  6
    Changes in Personality, Mood, and Behavior with TMS and ECT: Current Knowledge and Challenges.Zachary J. Verne & Jeffrey S. Zabinski - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):325-327.
    Zuk et al. (2023) explore personality, mood, and behavioral (PMB) changes in DBS and aDBS, though have not invoked what is known about the similarities and differences for other available brain sti...
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  53.  6
    Brain Death False Positives Reliably Track What Matters in Brain Death Cases.Eli Weber - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):285-286.
    Nair-Collins and Joffe (2023) rightly call attention to an incompatibility between brain-based criteria for death, as defined by the Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA), and what the current...
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  54.  4
    External Observations and Subjective Experiences: Metaphors Used by DBS Patients.Karsten Weber, Henriette Krug, Sonja Haug, Andrea A. Kühn & Anna Scharf - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):323-325.
    In their most informative text, Zuk et al. (2023) describe the perspectives researchers take on DBS and aDBS when discussing changes in patients’ personality, mood, or behavior. To this end, Zuk et...
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  55.  8
    Supported Decision Making in the United States: Supporters Provide Decision-Making Assistance but Are Not Decision Makers.Megan S. Wright - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):252-254.
    McCarthy and Howard (2023) advocate for supported decision making for patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Departing from the “mental prosthesis” model of supported deci...
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  56.  13
    Researcher Views on Changes in Personality, Mood, and Behavior in Next-Generation Deep Brain Stimulation.Peter Zuk, Clarissa E. Sanchez, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Katrina A. Muñoz, Lavina Kalwani, Richa Lavingia, Laura Torgerson, Demetrio Sierra-Mercado, Jill O. Robinson, Stacey Pereira, Simon Outram, Barbara A. Koenig, Amy L. McGuire & Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (3):287-299.
    The literature on deep brain stimulation (DBS) and adaptive DBS (aDBS) raises concerns that these technologies may affect personality, mood, and behavior. We conducted semi-structured interviews with researchers (n = 23) involved in developing next-generation DBS systems, exploring their perspectives on ethics and policy topics including whether DBS/aDBS can cause such changes. The majority of researchers reported being aware of personality, mood, or behavioral (PMB) changes in recipients of DBS/aDBS. Researchers offered varying estimates of the frequency of PMB changes. A (...)
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  57.  10
    Rebutting the Ethical Considerations regarding Consciousness in Human Cerebral Organoids: Challenging the Premature Assumptions.Aníbal M. Astobiza - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):207-210.
    In their latest target article, Zilio and Lavazza (2023) major claim is that research on human cerebral organoids (HCOs) must take into account whether they can acquire sentience or a primitive for...
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  58. Artificial Consciousness Is Morally Irrelevant.Bruce P. Blackshaw - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):72-74.
    It is widely agreed that possession of consciousness contributes to an entity’s moral status, even if it is not necessary for moral status (Levy and Savulescu 2009). An entity is considered to have...
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  59.  8
    Extended Mind Over Matter: Privacy Protection Is the Sine Qua Non.Cohen Marcus Lionel Brown - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):97-99.
    Palermos’s (2023) concept of “mental data” is appreciated as advancing fresh considerations in urgent discourse on mental privacy. However, it is suggested that the proposal for an ontologically di...
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  60.  10
    Regulating Possibly Sentient Human Cerebral Organoids.Heather Browning & Walter Veit - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):197-199.
    Due to their contested ethical and legal status, human cerebral organoids (HCOs) have become the subject of one of the most rapidly expanding debates in the recent bioethics literature. There is no...
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  61.  7
    Avoiding the Premature Introduction of Psychedelic Medicines in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders.Adrian Carter, Myfanwy Graham, Wayne Hall, Michaela Barber & John Gardner - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):129-131.
    Peterson et al. (2023) identify two potential uses of psychedelic drugs in Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (AD/ADRD). The first is to treat depression and anxiety that commonly occur afte...
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  62.  3
    Whose Mental Data? Privacy Inequities and Extended Minds.C. Dalrymple-Fraser - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):104-106.
    People crossing the border into the United States or Canada may find their electronic devices subject to search. Border agents can require travelers to unlock their devices, and then browse through...
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  63.  7
    Searching for Consciousness in Unfamiliar Entities: The Need for Both Systematic Investigation and Imagination.Sarah Diner & Maxence Gaillard - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):202-204.
    The possibility that human cerebral organoids (HCOs) develop consciousness is one of the main concerns driving current ethical discourse. Evaluating existing evidence, Zilio and Lavazza (2023) in t...
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  64.  6
    Do You Mind? Toward Neurocentric Criteria for Assessing Cognitive Function Relevant to the Moral Regard and Treatment of Non-Human Organisms.Sherry E. Loveless & James Giordano - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):170-173.
    In this issue, Joshua Shepherd (2023) offers defensible argument for broader consideration of cognitive and psychological features viable and valuable for sentiments about and interactions with non...
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  65.  11
    The Ethical Spectrum of Consciousness.Michele Farisco - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):55-57.
    This special issue of AJOB Neuroscience explores a number of ethical questions emerging from some of the most recent results of research on consciousness, including its moral interpretation, its te...
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  66.  5
    Publishing the Biotechnical Futures of Alzheimer’s Disease.James Rupert Fletcher - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):124-126.
    In “Journeying to Ixtlan,” Peterson and colleagues (2023) evaluate some of the potential ethical implications of treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with psychedelic medicines. In this commentary, I...
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  67.  6
    Likely and Looming? The Labyrinthine ELSI Landscape of Copying Consciousness.Jacob Freund, Guy Halevi, Hila Tavdi & Dov Greenbaum - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):218-221.
    Professors Hildt (2023), Shepherd (2023), and Zilio and Lavazza (2023) jointly considered the ethical and philosophical implications of acknowledging non-human (e.g., machine) consciousness. Althou...
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  68.  6
    An Immortal Ghost in the Machine?Richard B. Gibson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):81-83.
    In their paper, Hildt (2023) surveys several socio-ethical and regulatory issues arising from research into, and the potential emergence of, artificial consciousness—synthetic beings with a claim t...
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  69.  12
    An Exploration of Moral Relevance and the Prospect of Artificial Consciousness.Mikel Salvador Gorbea - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):74-76.
    The recent article “The Prospects of Artificial Consciousness: Ethical Dimensions and Concerns” by Elisabeth Hildt (2023) in the AJOB Neuroscience presents a thorough examination of the ethical imp...
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  70.  10
    Who Owns the Brains behind the Machine? Will the Hot Debate on AI's Inventorship and Authorship Rights Force a Premature Determination of Machine Consciousness?Dov Greenbaum - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):215-217.
    Intellectual property (IP) offices and courts around the world are debating whether machines are similar enough to humans in terms of their consciousness and creativity to be eligible for inventors...
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  71.  61
    Artificial Consciousness is Unlikely to Possess a Moral Capacity.Benjamin Gregg - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):79-81.
    Elizabeth Hildt’s (2023) notion of human-like artificial consciousness (AC) is vulnerable to several objections. First, she ties it to traits such as subjectivity and to capacities for rationality,...
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  72.  74
    The Prospects of Artificial Consciousness: Ethical Dimensions and Concerns.Elisabeth Hildt - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):58-71.
    Can machines be conscious and what would be the ethical implications? This article gives an overview of current robotics approaches toward machine consciousness and considers factors that hamper an understanding of machine consciousness. After addressing the epistemological question of how we would know whether a machine is conscious and discussing potential advantages of potential future machine consciousness, it outlines the role of consciousness for ascribing moral status. As machine consciousness would most probably differ considerably from human consciousness, several complex questions (...)
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  73.  15
    Toward a Broader Psychedelic Bioethics.Edward Jacobs, David Bryce Yaden & Brian D. Earp - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):126-129.
    Peterson et al. (2023) present a range of ethical issues that arise when considering the use of psychedelic substances within medicine. But psychedelics are, by their nature, boundary-dissolving, a...
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  74.  6
    On Who Matters—and Why.Edwin Jesudason - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):173-175.
    If “on what matters” captures Parfit’s search for objective moral truths (Parfit 2011), perhaps “on who matters (and why)” might be a working title for Shepherd’s enquiry into the moral status of n...
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  75.  4
    What Implications Do a Consciousness-Independent Perspective on Moral Status Entail for Future Brain Organoid Research?Masanori Kataoka & Tsutomu Sawai - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):163-165.
    In his paper “Non-human moral status: problems with phenomenal consciousness,” Joshua Shepherd emphasized an objectivist understanding of welfare to establish the moral status of non-human entities...
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  76.  6
    Human Cerebral Organoids: Implications of Ontological considerations.Hassan Khuram, Parker Maddox, Aria Elahi, Rahim Hirani & Ali Issani - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):213-214.
    The article “Consciousness in a Bioreactor? Science and Ethics of Potentially Conscious Human Cerebral Organoids” (Zillo and Lavazza 2023) presents a thoughtful discussion on the potential ethical...
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  77.  7
    Implications from Jaworska’s Account of Autonomy and Self for Dementia and Psychedelic Research.Zak A. Kopeikin - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):142-144.
    Peterson et al. (2023) write that there’s “a rich philosophical debate on the nature of authenticity in dementia” involving the relationship of identity and autonomy. I explore this with Jaworska’s...
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  78.  14
    Contesting the Consciousness Criterion: A More Radical Approach to the Moral Status of Non-Humans.Joan Llorca-Albareda & Gonzalo Díaz-Cobacho - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):158-160.
    Numerous and diverse discussions about moral status have taken place over the years. However, this concept was not born until the moral weight of non-human entities was raised. Animal ethics, for i...
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  79.  6
    The Moral Significance of the Phenomenology of Phenomenal Consciousness in Case of Artificial Agents.Kamil Mamak - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):160-162.
    In a recent article, Joshua Shepherd identifies six problems with attributing moral status to nonhumans on the basis of consciousness (Shepherd 2023). In this commentary, I want to draw out yet ano...
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  80.  8
    An Alternative Approach to Assessing the Moral Status of Artificial Entities.Dominic McGuire - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):76-79.
    Hildt (2023) considers the topic of machine consciousness and the ethical implications of artificial entities, such as robots, possessing different forms of consciousness. Her paper recommends that...
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  81.  9
    A Teleological Approach to the Ontological Status of Human Cerebral Organoids.Takuya Niikawa, Yoshiyuki Hayashi & Tsutomu Sawai - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):204-206.
    In the target article, Zilio and Lavazza (2023) persuasively argue that an ontological analysis of human cerebral organoids (HCOs) is necessary to identify their moral status. Although they also pr...
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  82.  7
    Journey to Narayama: Cultural Complexities, Psychedelics and Dementia.Reina Ozeki-Hayashi & Dominic J. C. Wilkinson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):145-147.
    In their target article, Peterson et al. discuss the intriguing prospect of using psychedelics as a treatment for patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) (Peterson et al....
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  83.  39
    Data, Metadata, Mental Data? Privacy and the Extended Mind.Spyridon Orestis Palermos - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):84-96.
    It has been recently suggested that if the Extended Mind thesis is true, mental privacy might be under serious threat. In this paper, I look into the details of this claim and propose that one way of dealing with this emerging threat requires that data ontology be enriched with an additional kind of data—viz., mental data. I explore how mental data relates to both data and metadata and suggest that, arguably, and by contrast with these existing categories of informational content, (...)
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  84.  21
    Journeying to Ixtlan: Ethics of Psychedelic Medicine and Research for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias.Andrew Peterson, Emily A. Largent, Holly Fernandez Lynch, Jason Karlawish & Dominic Sisti - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):107-123.
    In this paper, we examine the case of psychedelic medicine for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD). These “mind-altering” drugs are not currently offered as treatments to persons with AD/ADRD, though there is growing interest in their use to treat underlying causes and associated psychiatric symptoms. We present a research agenda for examining the ethics of psychedelic medicine and research involving persons living with AD/ADRD, and offer preliminary analyses of six ethical issues: the impact of psychedelics on autonomy and consent; (...)
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  85.  12
    The Road to Ixtlan in Neuro-Degenerative Diseases Is Paved with Palliative Cobblestones.Christopher Poppe & Manuel Trachsel - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):134-136.
    While the developers of the “Ixtlan Basic Kit” promise a curative treatment taking advantage of increased neuroplasticity for targeting the underlying neurological causes of Alzheimer's disease and...
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  86.  3
    Embedded Morality and Psychopath Machines.Renato Teodoro Ramos - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):165-168.
    One important discussion raised in this special issue on the ethical spectrum of consciousness involves the possibility of providing machines with human mind-like capabilities to the point of allow...
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  87.  7
    Ethical Considerations at the Intersection Between Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy and Medical Assistance in Dying.Daniel Rosenbaum, Matthew Cho, Evan Schneider, Sarah Hales & Daniel Z. Buchman - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):139-141.
    Peterson et al. (2023) identify important ethical issues that are relevant to psychedelic therapy and research in various clinical populations and contexts. This is certainly the case in palliative...
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  88.  14
    Moral Status or Moral Value? The Former May Require Phenomenal Consciousness, But Does It Matter?Adina L. Roskies - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):175-177.
    Shepherd (2023) is concerned about the moral status of nonhumans and argues that consciousness-based approaches to moral status are inadequate to guide policy decisions. Consciousness-based approac...
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  89.  4
    Barriers and Facilitators to the Equitable Access of Psychedelic Medical Care and Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias.Kaila A. Rudolph - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):136-138.
    Dementia is an ever-growing public health concern with significant impact on the quality of life of older adults and their families (Aranda et al. 2021). Research continues to investigate treatment...
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  90. Non-Human Moral Status: Problems with Phenomenal Consciousness.Joshua Shepherd - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):148-157.
    Consciousness-based approaches to non-human moral status maintain that consciousness is necessary for (some degree or level of) moral status. While these approaches are intuitive to many, in this paper I argue that the judgment that consciousness is necessary for moral status is not secure enough to guide policy regarding non-humans, that policies responsive to the moral status of non-humans should take seriously the possibility that psychological features independent of consciousness are sufficient for moral status. Further, I illustrate some practical consequences (...)
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  91.  7
    Psychedelic Research for Dementia Risks Perpetuating Structural Failures and Inadequacies in Aged Care.Hojjat Soofi & Cynthia Forlini - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):131-134.
    Peterson et al. (2023) outline a broad ethics agenda for imminent research on psychedelic agents for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) by acknowledging the therapeutic promise of...
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  92.  6
    Equivocation and Impracticality in Spyridon Palermos’ “Data, Metadata, Mental Data? Privacy and the Extended Mind”.Alexander John Eugene Spencer - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):99-101.
    In a recent article, Spyridon Palermos claims there is a significant difference between ordinary data (“the contents of electronic communications”) and mental data (Palermos 2023). He defines “ment...
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  93.  4
    Macro-bio-ethical Versus Micro-bio-ethical Issues Concerning Human Brain Organoids.Henri-Corto Stoeklé, Geneviève Marignac & Christian Hervé - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):199-202.
    Organoids, in general, have become an established theme in bioethics. However, brain organoids are almost unique due to the vital and symbolic nature of the organ they reproduce, albeit partially,...
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  94.  9
    Symbolic Value of Brain Organoids: Shifting the Focus from Consciousness to Sociocultural Perspectives on Resemblance.Sietske A. L. van Till & Eline M. Bunnik - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):210-212.
    Recent scientific and technological developments enable the generation of increasingly sophisticated organoids: three-dimensional, lab-grown stem cell-based entities that model human organs anatomi...
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  95.  20
    Defending Sentientism.Walter Veit & Heather Browning - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):168-170.
    The last decade has seen an explosion of interest in the possibility of suffering in nonhumans, including animals only very distantly related to us, as well as artificial intelligence systems. Much...
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  96.  31
    Why Canada’s Artificial Intelligence and Data Act Needs “Mental Data”.Dylan J. White & Joshua August Skorburg - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):101-103.
    By introducing the concept of “mental data,” Palermos (2023) highlights an underappreciated aspect of data ethics that policymakers would do well to heed. Sweeping artificial intelligence (AI) legi...
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  97.  19
    Consciousness in a Rotor? Science and Ethics of Potentially Conscious Human Cerebral Organoids.Federico Zilio & Andrea Lavazza - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (2):178-196.
    Human cerebral organoids are three-dimensional biological cultures grown in the laboratory to mimic as closely as possible the cellular composition, structure, and function of the corresponding organ, the brain. For now, cerebral organoids lack blood vessels and other characteristics of the human brain, but are also capable of having coordinated electrical activity. They have been usefully employed for the study of several diseases and the development of the nervous system in unprecedented ways. Research on human cerebral organoids is proceeding at (...)
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  98.  4
    “They Are Invasive in Different Ways.”: Stakeholders’ Perceptions of the Invasiveness of Psychiatric Electroceutical Interventions.Robyn Bluhm, Marissa Cortright, Eric D. Achtyes & Laura Y. Cabrera - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):1-12.
    Medical interventions are usually categorized as “invasive” when they involve piercing the skin or inserting an object into the body. Beyond this standard definition, however, there is little discussion of the concept of invasiveness in the medical literature, despite evidence that the term is used in ways that do not reflect the standard definition of medical invasiveness. We interviewed psychiatrists, patients with depression, and members of the public without depression to better understand their views on the invasiveness of several psychiatric (...)
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  99.  9
    Invasiveness is Inevitable in Psychiatric Neurointerventions.Nick J. Davis - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):13-15.
    In their recent target article, Bluhm et al. (2023) discuss the construct of “invasiveness” as it relates to medical treatments, and in particular to treatments that affect brain function. Cruciall...
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  100.  7
    Why Neuroethical Analyses of Invasiveness in Psychiatry Should Engage with Mental Health Service User Movement Knowledges and Considerations of Social In/Justice.A. Lee de Bie & Daniel Z. Buchman - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):25-28.
    Bluhm et al.’s (2023) qualitative study on psychiatric electroceutical interventions describes several types and characteristics of invasiveness identified by psychiatrists and people living with a...
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  101.  11
    Knowing Your Body Best: The Role of Clinicians and Neural Data in Patient Self Perception of Illness.Meghan E. Hurley - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):52-54.
    In their paper, “Closed-Loop Neuromodulation and Self-Perception in Clinical Treatment of Refractory Epilepsy,” Haeusermann et al. (2023) note that although responsive neurostimulation (RNS) data v...
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  102.  6
    Is Theory Fading Away from Reality? Examining the Pathology Rather than the Technology to Understand Potential Personality Changes.Frederic Gilbert, Joel Smith & Anya Daly - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):45-47.
    Haeusermann et al. (Citation2023) draw three overall conclusions from their study on closed loop neuromodulation and self-perception in clinical treatment of refractory epilepsy. The first is that closed-loop neuromodulation devices did not substantially change epileptic patient’s personalities or self-perception postoperatively. The second is that some patients and caregivers attributed observed changes in personality and self-perception to the epilepsy itself and not to the DBS treatments. The third is that the devices provided participants with novel ways to make sense of their (...)
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  103. Ambiguous Agency as a Frame on Neural Device User Experience.Sara Goering, Erika Versalovic & Timothy Brown - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):50-52.
    Haeusermann et al. (2023) provide a valuable ethnographic window into how RNS device users understand themselves in relation to refractory epilepsy, the medications for it, and the use of the impla...
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  104.  8
    Closed-Loop Neuromodulation and Self-Perception in Clinical Treatment of Refractory Epilepsy.Tobias Haeusermann, Cailin R. Lechner, Kristina Celeste Fong, Alissa Bernstein Sideman, Agnieszka Jaworska, Winston Chiong & Daniel Dohan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):32-44.
    Background: Newer “closed-loop” neurostimulation devices in development could, in theory, induce changes to patients’ personalities and self-perceptions. Empirically, however, only limited data of patient and family experiences exist. Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) as a treatment for refractory epilepsy is the first approved and commercially available closed-loop brain stimulation system in clinical practice, presenting an opportunity to observe how conceptual neuroethical concerns manifest in clinical treatment.Methods: We conducted ethnographic research at a single academic medical center with an active RNS treatment program and (...)
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  105.  5
    Perceptions of Invasiveness and Fear of Stigmatization in Mental Health Care.Diana B. Heney - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):20-23.
    Bluhm et al. (2023) identify invasiveness as a genus with multiple species: a treatment protocol or intervention can be invasive along physical, emotional, or lifestyle dimensions. They also identi...
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  106.  15
    The Normative Evaluation of Neurointerventions in Criminal Justice: From Invasiveness to Human Rights.Sjors Ligthart, Vera Tesink, Thomas Douglas, Lisa Forsberg & Gerben Meynen - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):23-25.
    Medical interventions are usually categorized as “invasive” when they involve piercing the skin or inserting an object into the body. However, the findings of Bluhm and collaborators (2023) (hencef...
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  107.  6
    Perceptions of Invasiveness: A Moving Target for Neuromodulation.Nir Lipsman, Patrick J. McDonald & Judy Illes - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):15-17.
    Major depression is among the most common, challenging and disabling conditions. It is highly heterogeneous, affects patients throughout the lifespan and, in up to one-third of people affected, res...
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  108.  6
    Perceived Invasiveness and Therapeutic Acceptability of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.Jack Twiddy, Emily C. Hector & Veljko Dubljević - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):17-20.
    While the various therapeutic neurotechnologies currently in development—TMS, tDCS, and related treatment modalities—have the potential to greatly augment the treatment of a spectrum of diseases an...
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  109.  4
    From ‘What’ to ‘Why:’ Culture, History, Power and the Experiential Salience of Invasiveness in Psychiatric Treatment.Meghana Kasturi Vagwala & Rachel Asher - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):28-31.
    Bluhm et al. (2023) interviewed psychiatrists, patients with depression, and members of the public and concluded that participants recognized multiple categories of invasiveness, including emotiona...
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  110.  5
    Neurotechnologies and Identity Changes: What the Narrative View Can Add to the Story.Alexandra Zorila - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (1):48-50.
    Do neuromodulation technologies change patients’ personal identities? Haeusermann et al. claim that there is not enough evidence to support this worry. In their study, participants, following a res...
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  111. Brain Data in Context: Are New Rights the Way to Mental and Brain Privacy?Daniel Susser & Laura Y. Cabrera - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience:1-12.
    The potential to collect brain data more directly, with higher resolution, and in greater amounts has heightened worries about mental and brain privacy. In order to manage the risks to individuals posed by these privacy challenges, some have suggested codifying new privacy rights, including a right to “mental privacy.” In this paper, we consider these arguments and conclude that while neurotechnologies do raise significant privacy concerns, such concerns are—at least for now—no different from those raised by other well-understood data collection (...)
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