Journal of Cognition and Culture

ISSNs: 1567-7095, 1568-5373

22 found

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  1.  1
    Could Religions Augment Cooperation by Recruiting Hamilton’s Rule through the Use of Fictive Kinship Language?Andrew Ross Atkinson - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):265-288.
    Some scholars have raised the potential functional role of fictive kinship for religion, generally. This paper seeks to develop that idea. It is argued in this paper that fictive kinship language in religion (and some other non-religious contexts) recruits traits connected to Hamilton’s rule as it is expressed in Homo sapiens psychology. The effect is that cooperation is augmented within a population that generally shares the same religious worldview. The general position is that if religions are in the business of (...)
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  2.  3
    The Effects of Foreign Language and Religiosity on Moral Decisions: Manipulating Norms and Consequences.Elyas Barabadi, Mohsen Rahmani Tabar & James R. Booth - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):310-337.
    The primary purpose of this study was to examine the association of foreign language use and religiosity to moral decision-making in the context of a realistic set of scenarios about the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the CNI model in which four variants of a single dilemma manipulated norms and consequences, which are the defining characteristics of deontology and utilitarianism, respectively. A secondary purpose of the study was to investigate the role of in-group versus out-group membership in shaping moral judgment. 461 (...)
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  3.  8
    Bound to Share or Not to Care. The Force of Fate, Gods, Luck, Chance and Choice across Cultures.Renatas Berniūnas, Audrius Beinorius, Vilius Dranseika, Vytis Silius & Paulius Rimkevičius - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):451-475.
    People across cultures consider everyday choices in the context of perceived various external life-determining forces: such as fate and gods (two teleological forces) and such notions as luck and chance (two non-teleological forces). There is little cross-cultural evidence (except for a belief in gods) showing how people relate these salient notions of life-determining forces to prosociality and a sense of well-being. The current paper provides preliminary cross-cultural data to address this gap. Results indicate that choice is the most important life-determining (...)
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  4.  2
    Cultural Conceptualization of Congratulatory Happy Events in British English and Turkish: A Cross-Cultural Perspective.Hümeyra Can & Çiler Hatipoğlu - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):289-309.
    This study investigates the cultural conceptualization of congratulatory happy events in British English and Turkish and discusses them cross-culturally. A lexical search was carried out in various corpora from the newspaper genre using the verbs congratulate in English and its dictionary counterparts tebrik etmek and kutlamak in Turkish along with their various lexical forms, which not only report the act of congratulating but also perform it. The results of the study showed that there were cultural differences and similarities in the (...)
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  5.  2
    Cross-Cultural Language Awareness: Contrasting Scenarios of Literacy Learning.Norbert Francis, Silvia-Maria Chireac & John McClure - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):357-377.
    In the research on literacy learning the concept of language awareness has come forward as a unifying framework for understanding the underlying knowledge that supports ability in reading and writing. Consensus is gathering around the idea that language awareness is an essential foundation. If subsequent work in this area confirms it, this factor may turn out to be the key cognitive-domain explanation for successful literacy learning in school (and for academic purposes in general). In this review we examine two cross-cultural (...)
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  6.  2
    Differences in Experienced Memory Qualities between Factual and Fictional Events.Pierre Gander & Robert Lowe - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):378-396.
    The experienced qualities of memories of factual and fictional events have been little researched previously. The few studies that exist find no or few differences. However, one reason to expect differences in memory qualities is that processing of fact and fiction seem to involve activation of different brain areas. The present study expands earlier research by including a wider range of memory qualities, using positive and negative events, and three time-points: immediately after, after a ten-minute delay and after a five-week (...)
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  7.  2
    Deeper than Belief: Intuitive Judgment as a Context-Driven Process.Jacob Lang, Christin Körner & Annett Körner - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):420-436.
    Based on “laws” of contagion and similarity, it is understood that people tend to believe that meanings associated with one object may be transferred onto another, and the meanings of the first may “contaminate” the second. The perceived contamination may influence the individual’s way of interacting with the object. We aimed to produce a rich description of individual differences that predict intuitive judgments in response to scenarios involving activation of contagion heuristics. Adolescents and adults in Germany completed a survey and (...)
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  8.  2
    Native Ontological Framework Guides Causal Reasoning: Evidence from Wichi People.Matías Fernández Ruiz & Andrea Taverna - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):397-419.
    Causal cognition – how we perceive, represent and reason about causal events – are fundamental to the human mind, but it has rarely been approached in its cultural specificity. Here, we investigate this core concept among Wichi people, an indigenous group living in Chaco Forest. We focus on the Wichi, because their epistemological orientations and explanatory frameworks about ecosystem differ importantly from those documented among most Western majority-culture populations. We asked participants to reason about causes of events that involve the (...)
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  9. Emotion Understanding in Polish Children: A Cross-Cultural Comparison between Polish, British, and Italian Children.Małgorzata Stępień-Nycz, Marta Białecka-Pikul, Yulong Tang & Francisco Pons - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):437-450.
    Emotion understanding (EU) is the capacity to understand the nature, causes, and consequences of the emotional experience of the self and others. The cultural differences and similarities in the development of EU are still not well recognized, especially within Slavic culture and language. We tested 180 Polish children aged 5–11 years using the Test of Emotion Comprehension and compared their results with data from British and Italian children. We revealed a similar pattern of EU development between the three groups, showing (...)
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  10.  2
    Past Life Meditation Decreases Existential Death Anxiety and Increases Meaning in Life among Individuals Who Believe in the Paranormal.Claire White & Miguel Farias - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (3-4):338-356.
    Despite their growing popularity, little is known about the psychological effects of participating in past-life meditation groups in contemporary western contexts. We conducted a study to re-create some of the conditions observed in the field by facilitating a group of adults interested in exploring past life meditation. Before the session, participants completed a survey about their afterlife beliefs and associated experiences. Participants also completed questionnaires measuring meaningfulness in life and fear of death before and after the session. In the sample (...)
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  11.  3
    Linguistic Relativity Today. Language, Mind, Society, and the Foundations of Linguistic Anthropology, written by Danesi, M.Filippo Batisti - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):259-263.
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  12.  2
    Distance from a Cultural Prototype and Psychological Distress in Urban Brazil: A Model.William W. Dressler, Mauro C. Balieiro & José Ernesto dos Santos - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):218-240.
    The metaphor of culture as a space or environment of meaning is widely employed. Going beyond metaphor, we present a model of culture as a 3-dimensional Euclidean space, using data from Brazil on cultural models of life goals. The dimensions of this space are defined by degree of sharing of culture (cultural competence); alternate configurations of that shared meaning (residual agreement); and social practice (cultural consonance). A cultural distance metric calculated within those dimensions identifies an individuals’ proximity to prototypical goals; (...)
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  13.  3
    The Moral Foundations of Left-Wing Authoritarianism: On the Character, Cohesion, and Clout of Tribal Equalitarian Discourse.Justin E. Lane, Kevin McCaffre & F. LeRon Shults - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):65-97.
    Left-wing authoritarianism remains far less understood than right-wing authoritarianism. We contribute to literature on the former, which typically relies on surveys, using a new social media analytic approach. We use a list of 60 terms to provide an exploratory sketch of the outlines of a political ideology – tribal equalitarianism – with origins in 19th and 20th century social philosophy. We then use analyses of the English Corpus of Google Books (n > 8 million books) and scraped unique tweets from (...)
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  14.  3
    Further Applications of Social Cognition to Göbekli Tepe.Tracy B. Henley & Stephen Reysen - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):49-64.
    Göbekli Tepe is an archaeological site that has challenged much prior thought on human history with respect to our Neolithic revolution from animistic, egalitarian, hunter-gatherers to settled, socially stratified, and religious peoples. In the present paper we review the structures and possible purposes of Göbekli Tepe, summarize past considerations of the connection between psychological concepts and matters found thereat, and then introduce social identity theory as an apt theoretical perspective from which to best understand the peoples who constructed and utilized (...)
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  15.  3
    Dangerous Speech: A Cross-Cultural Study of Dehumanization and Revenge.Jordan Kiper, Christine Lillie, Richard A. Wilson, Brock Knapp, Yeongjin Gwon & Lasana T. Harris - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):170-200.
    Dehumanization is routinely invoked in social science and law as the primary factor in explaining how propaganda encourages support for, or participation in, violence against targeted outgroups. Yet the primacy of dehumanization is increasingly challenged by the apparent influence of revenge on collective violence. This study examines critically how various propaganda influence audiences. Although previous research stresses the dangers of dehumanizing propaganda, a recently published study found that only revenge propaganda significantly lowered outgroup empathy. Given the importance of these findings (...)
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  16.  2
    The R.A.S.H. Mentality of Radicalization.Pierre Lienard & Michael Moncrieff - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):201-217.
    In the study of the process of radicalization, precedence has been given to answering ‘how’ questions over the exact qualification of the concept of radicalization itself. What does it mean to be radicalized? What are the cognitive entailments of such state? What are the features that make radicalization recognizable? We rely on a game theoretic model to characterize the essence of what it is to be radicalized. Our model of the radicalized agent’s rational behavior elucidates his construal of typical social (...)
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  17.  2
    Morality is in the Cultural Eye of the Beholder: A Situation Sampling Study.Akiko Matsuo - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):127-148.
    Shweder et al. (1997) proposed the three domains of morality: Autonomy, Community, and Divinity. This study used situation sampling to explore how people from Japan and the U.S. interpret moral transgressions provided in their own and another cultural context. Specifically, the analysis tested whether participants with one cultural background recognize culturally congruent moral transgressions as violations more frequently and feel more harshly towards them than culturally incongruent domains. Furthermore, the extent of evocation caused by the home and another culture was (...)
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  18.  7
    Darwinian Bases of Religious Meaning: Interactionism, General Interpretive Theories, and 6E Cognitive Science.Robert N. McCauley - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):1-28.
    Interactionism holds that explanatory and interpretive projects are mutually enriching. If so, then the evolutionary and cognitive science of religions’ explanatory theories should aid interpretive projects concerning religious meaning. Although interpretive accounts typically focus on the local and the particular, interpreters over the past century have construed Freud and Marx as offering general interpretive theories. So, precedent for general interpretive theorizing exists. 4E cognitive science, which champions how cognition is embedded in natural and cultural settings, extended into external structures, enacted (...)
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  19.  5
    Three Men Make a Tiger: The Effect of Consensus Testimony on Chinese and U.S. Children’s Judgments about Possibility.Jenny Nissel, Hui Li, Amanda Cramer & Jacqueline D. Woolley - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):98-126.
    In this study, we ask whether consensus testimony affects children’s judgments of the possibility of improbable and impossible events. Fifty-six U.S. and Chinese 8-year-olds made possibility judgments before and after hearing three speakers affirm or deny the possibility of improbable and impossible events. Results indicated that whereas both U.S. and Chinese children altered their judgments in the direction of the consensus testimony, this effect was stronger for Chinese children. U.S. children were particularly receptive to consensus for improbable events and when (...)
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  20.  2
    The Computations Underlying Religious Conversion: A Bayesian Decision Model.Francesco Rigoli - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):241-257.
    Inspired by recent Bayesian interpretations about the psychology underlying religion, the paper introduces a theory proposing that religious conversion is shaped by three factors: (i) novel relevant information, experienced in perceptual or in social form (e.g., following interaction with missionaries); (ii) changes in the utility (e.g., expressed in an opportunity to raise in social rank) associated with accepting a new religious creed; and (iii) prior beliefs, favouring religious faiths that, although new, still remain consistent with entrenched cultural views (resulting in (...)
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  21. Understanding Maternal Rewards and Their Subtypes between Gender and Culture with Adolescents.Nicole M. Summers-Gabr - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):29-48.
    The effects of parent rewards on youth outcomes have been studied extensively; however, research has not systematically categorized parent rewards. Centralizing the analysis of rewards within a given study would help compare the prevalence of reward types at superordinate and subordinate levels. Moreover, it could reveal which level is the most effective for assessing cultural group similarities and differences in a globalizing world. Mother-child conversations between European-American (n = 51) and Hispanic-American (n = 44) dyads were transcribed. A content analysis (...)
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  22.  3
    Affective and Motivational Accounts of Moralizing COVID-19-Preventive Behaviors.Reina Takamatsu, May Cho Min & Jiro Takai - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):149-169.
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of perceived vulnerability to disease, emotions (disgust, anger), and perceived norms in predicting moral judgments of anti-COVID-19-preventive behaviors in US and Japan. A total of 442 Japanese and 365 American participants completed an online survey. Disgust and anger mediated the link between perceived vulnerability to disease (germ aversion) and moral judgments of preventive behaviors across both cultures. Perceived social norms among friends and family were associated with harsh judgments of anti-preventive (...)
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