This paper examines the evidence concerning the frequent accusation that technology, capitalism, and Christianity—three bases of modern Western society—are root causes of environmental degradation. A critical assessment indicates that, although these aspects of the present-day world are associated with failures to protect the environment, labeling them as causal factors contradicts known facts. A major theme of the paper is the combined application of scientific and folk wisdom in addressing environmental issues. An attempt is made to synthesize different positions, and the (...) implications for environmental psychology are discussed. (shrink)

This paper considers the nature, status and direction of ‘ecopsychology’ and its relationship to psychology and environmental psychology. A brief historical perspective is provided, along with an examination of what is currently encompassed by the term, and by whom, with a particular focus on the writings of Roszak, 1992a, Roszak, 1992b. An attempt is made to separate social movement from changing social representation and to distinguish psychological content and focus from ideology, individual and societal change agenda, and popular culture. The (...) paper gives particular attention to the nature and role of ‘self’ as ultimate target and agent of meaningful change, both in the context of conservation initiatives and with respect to therapeutic encounter/intervention. The nature and expression of ecopsychology in Australia are also briefly explored, as are the representations of indigenous ‘earth wisdom’ and spirituality as touchstone for ecosystem ‘sanity’. Three final questions are posed and discussed in the paper. What does ecopsychology offer psychology? What does psychology have to offer ecopsychology? Can environmental psychology encompass ecopsychology? The prognosis for environmental psychology and the greening of psychology is explored. (shrink)