Despite producing top of the range products and services, entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe's rural Gokwe face limited access to markets. Access to local and regional trading markets is further aggravated by inadequate technological infrastructure and financial resources to carry out business activities. Aim: This article investigates the role of digital design and technology in expanding market outreach in Zimbabwe. Methods: A mixed methods research design was adopted. The qualitative data, obtained from semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion, was analysed through (...) thematic analysis. The quantitative data was obtained from the administration of a questionnaire and used to corroborate the findings of the qualitative tool. Results: The findings revealed that while digital design and technology had little effect on identifying entrepreneurial opportunities and communicating with potential customers in Gokwe, there were clear signs that plans were being made to integrate digital technology and internet connectivity in at least one sector of the rural economy of the district. Implications: The findings may provide vital information for rural entrepreneurs and policymakers looking to benefit from the digital revolution. Recommendation: The paper encourages the use of digital marketing and advertising to take advantage of entrepreneurial opportunities. (shrink)

The article analyzes one of the main problems of physical rehabilitation of children with psychomotor disorders – the problem of motivation in corrective motor activity. This determined the aim – to determine the main directions of the motivational sphere formation in the process of correctional play activity of children with psychomotor disorders. The following research methods were used: the method of analysis, which made it possible to identify the main characteristics and types of motivational support of children for various types (...) of activity; the method of pedagogical observations and the method of synthesis revealed the powerful method of motivating – theatricalization of the correctional process using physical education. The research results were expressed in the definition of the concepts: motive, motivational field, motivational impulse, which are the components of the concept of motivation, the variety of which is defined in four types. There were made following conclusions: The motivation of corrective motor-play activity is based on the unconscious influences of the unconscious, caused by the external use by the teacher of the corresponding children's fairy-tale archetypes and the emotional experiences, caused by them. One of the main methods of increasing motivation is the use of the possibilities of pedagogical "drama" in the form of a method of dosed dramatization of the motor-game plot of a remedial lesson, which should be considered as a physical culture fairy tale. For the implementation of effective dramatic motivation, it is necessary to provide points of dramatization of different influence strength. (shrink)

The current Private Higher Education Institution landscape in South Africa is developing at a rapid rate, with over ninety private tertiary institutions, registered with the Council for Higher Education. However, stakeholder perceptions of these PHEIs are generally negative, largely as a result of the negative perceptions of the qualification, obtained from the private institutions by both parents and students, and questions around the sustainability of the institutions in the long run. Media reports, lack of Department of Education support and funding, (...) as well as minimum, if any, marketing and advertising from the PHEI are factors, cited for these firmly entrenched perceptions from the general public. The article was driven by both current and emerging branding models as a benchmark for value-added branding of PHEIs in South Africa. International markets, in countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, India and Brazil are included; not as a comparative study, but more as a review of literature on how tertiary education is branded in the private sector in these countries. In addition, developing countries and emerging markets needed to be taken into consideration in the light of their experience in sustaining private education entities. The subsequent investigation of these models proved invaluable in respect of providing similarities and, in some instances, huge differences, which contributed to the establishment of a generic value-added branding model critical for sustaining PHEIs in South Africa. The knowledge of which dimensions the branding of a PHEI should focus on to nullify the negative perceptions associated with a PHEI is paramount. (shrink)

Transformations of the administrative-territorial status of monoprofile cities of Donbas in the context of development of structural-settlement structure of the region in the late 1940s and 1980s are considered. The urgency of the study is due to the reform of decentralization in Ukraine – changes in the order of local self-government and territorial organization of power. Its goal is to create communities that are self‑sufficient and effective in the economic, administrative and socio‑cultural dimensions. In the course of reform, monoprofile cities (...) often acquire the status of centers of united territorial communities. In assessing the relevance of such decisions to the purpose of the reform, it is advisable to examine the relationship of structural-settlement, socio-economic and administrative-territorial status of these cities in historical retrospect. It turns out that the monoprofile cities of the region are an industrial-urban phenomenon, the genesis of which influenced the formation of the specifics of the settlement structure of Donbas. During the study period, the number of such cities more than doubled, reaching more than sixty cities in the late 1980s. Their share among the settlements of the region with the administrative status of a city was at that time two thirds. The emergence of monoprofile cities in the region in large numbers in the 1940s – 1980s is associated with government-industrial policy. At the same time, the structural and settlement importance of these settlements was reflected in their acquisition of the administrative-territorial status of region or district cities. From the beginning of the study period, the vast majority of cities with a narrow industrial base in the region belonged to the cities of district subordination, as they did not meet high enough urban criteria. In the urbanized region, in the presence of other, more powerful urban centers, the corresponding role in the administrative-territorial organization programmed the secondary nature of their structural settlement development. In particular, it did not contribute to the formation of micro-regions around these cities, which must be taken into account in the current conditions of reforming local self-government and territorial organization in the country. (shrink)

This article refers to the brief history of the development of online media in Bangladesh starting from the beginnings of the Internet to the contemporary stage. Since 2006 Bangladeshi news organizations have been reshaping their strategy towards being a digital-only news outlet. News organizations are now using different features of mobile devices and social media to tell stories and engage with their target audiences. Today both the digital-only news outlets and mainstream media use QR codes, messengers, social media platforms, which (...) enable them to reach a wider area of audiences. By using yet inexpensive digital tools journalists can easily create and distribute content for digital-only platforms. We consider digital-only platforms as new media, social media, and convergence media platforms. Social media platforms have provided the opportunity for traditional journalists to share news quickly, get feedback from the audience, and have two-way communication with the reader. Previous studies have looked at the genres of online journalism from a western perspective. Little has been done on the topic from the context of Bangladesh. In this article, we analyze the basic features of online news media that exist in contemporary Bangladesh and provide an account of the development trends. We outline the new genres, techniques, and use as a sample two most famous online news platforms: The Daily Star and bdnews24. A series of semi-structured interviews were conducted with 5 different professionals from Journalism and mass media. This study is based on both primary and secondary sources of qualitative data to understand the new genres of online news media, challenges, and opportunities to work in the ever-changing media landscape. (shrink)

Despite South Africa’s progressive and comprehensive labour legislation that promotes gender equality in the workplace, this goal has not been fully achieved as yet. This is particularly evident when comparing managerial ranks, particularly in top management at South African banks. This phenomenon is still present today despite overwhelming evidence, supporting the benefits of a diverse management team. This study, therefore, explores the factors, influencing the underrepresentation of women in top management. Therefore, the main objective was to determine the challenges women (...) face in progressing into top management at a South African bank. The study used a qualitative research approach in the form of a case study at one of the largest South African banks. The population for the study included women in top and senior management of the case study bank. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were analysed through Atlast T. I. Findings indicate that poor career progression prospects exist, mainly hampered by organisational structure, lack of sponsorship and a hostile working environment. The study adds to the existing body of knowledge by providing insights into barriers to women's progression in the financial services sector and providing practical implementation measures to promote career progression for women. (shrink)

Unarguably, the South African Police during the apartheid era was characterised by brutality and state repression, including the political executions of several South African citizens who dared oppose the apartheid regime. The post-apartheid era has also witnessed deaths of citizens at the hands of the police during demonstrations, demanding better service delivery, higher wages, improved working conditions, and an end to marginalisation and poverty. The author presents some cases of police human rights violations concerning policing citizen’s protests. This is a (...) qualitative study, relying on extensive literature review by previous researchers. The findings of this study are: The South Africa Police Service continues to violate citizen's right to protest, which is enshrined in the Republic of South Africa’s constitution under chapter 2 “Bill of Rights” and other international legal jurisprudence. The South African police have failed to perform their duties professionally and effectively when it comes to policing protests. Crown management remains an elusive issue both during the apartheid and post-apartheid eras. The author recommends a demilitarization of the police consistent with the South African government policy recommendation, found in the National Development Plan 2030. (shrink)

Coloured people's entrepreneurial efforts in South Africa are mostly survivalist. Although most of the selected suburb's youth have high entrepreneurial intentions, most do not become successful entrepreneurs. We are hoping to understand why people think this. Indisputable are the inadequacy of entrepreneurial education and training, a heavily skewed distribution of resources, a lack of mentorship, minimal support from parents, and a cultural upbringing in opposition to entrepreneurship. This study's objective was to gain insight into the cultural and educational limitations on (...) entrepreneurial development and the entrepreneurial intentions of the selected suburb's youth. This paper employed quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. The quantitative data was collected from 470 youths through a survey questionnaire. Ten personal interviews were conducted within the qualitative ambit and served to validate the quantitative tool's results. The quantitative data was analysed using SPSS software, and the qualitative data was analysed by identifying common themes in relation to the quantitative findings. The study revealed a low level of tertiary education, a family orientated culture and a high level of entrepreneurial intention. The findings further revealed that many parents do not run their businesses, which indicated that most of the youth do not stem from entrepreneurially oriented households. The researchers recommend that business incubators be established within the suburb and that schools within the community should partner with the private sector and governmental structures, such as the Department of Trade and Industry, The National Youth Development Agency, and Small Enterprise Finance Agency in order to expose youth to the practical application of entrepreneurship. (shrink)

The article examines the essence of the reproduction of human capital process, reveals its main stages –formation, distribution, exchange and consumption. The specificity of each stage of reproduction of human capital is considered, which makes it possible to realize the need for purposeful investment in a person and study the problems of state regulation at each of the stages. The article also shows that the reproduction of human capital occurs at the individual, corporate and national levels. Based on the study (...) of the literature, a classification of the types of reproduction of human capital has been developed. This allows investing in human capital in order to create high quality human capital for the country. The classification of the types of reproduction of human capital is considered according to such characteristics as: the scale of reproduction, the nature of labor resources, the direction of reproduction, the innovativeness of the reproduction process, the completeness of the reproduction process, stages of the reproduction process and structural components. The expanded reproduction of human capital is disclosed in detail, on which the state regulation of the economy of the most developed countries of the world is focused. The article notes the importance of the reproduction of human capital in providing an innovative "breakthrough" in engineering, technology, organization of production and management. The influence of the process of reproduction of human capital on the development of the country's economy has been investigated. The necessity of enhancing the activities of the state to create conditions for the effective formation, distribution, exchange and use of human capital has been substantiated. The role of the state in the formation of human capital through public goods for a person and through the establishment of norms and rules created in society and contributing to the development of this society is presented. (shrink)

Lending is a main instrument of bank institutions’ influence on the development of economy and its subjects. The aim of the paper is to analyze the condition of entrepreneurial subjects lending by the bank system, especially agrarian enterprises, and separation of main restraining factors of its development. During 2017-2020 there is observed an essential reduction of volumes of medium-term and long-term credits, given to entrepreneurial subjects. The use of short-term credits for less than 1 year, the most specific weight of (...) which is possessed by microentrepreneurial subjects with annual income less than 50 thousand euro, prevails. It has been established, that high cost of credit resources, absence of correspondent guarantee and insufficient competitiveness of most entrepreneurial subjects prevent the development of credit relations for all participants. Agricultural economy that produces more than 12 % of GDP and provides more than 40 % of Ukrainian currency receipts, demonstrates positive financial results of activity, is really underfinanced at the expanse of bank credits. A share of credits, directed to the agrarian sector during last years, is essentially less than the contribution of the branch in the gross added value formation in the country. A bank credit policy, acceptable for all entrepreneurial subjects and directed on credit cost decrease and long-term lending increase, is necessary. Studies of the influence of arrangements in the AIC by reduction of credit prices on effective indices has testified a close connection, comparing with other factors, that is why the practice of using the preferential lending mechanism must be continued, but by stable, not continuously changing approaches and by direct state support of just small and medium entrepreneurial subjects, which are most limited in access to credit resources of bank institutions. (shrink)

In accordance with the European parameters of professional training of the new formation of educators, it is mandatory to emphasize the problem of forming in the future teacher the basic competencies of modern human, including an ethnocultural one. The value of this format of professional training is the focus of competence-oriented content of education on the formation of life and worldview of the future teacher, as well as his/her professional self-development. Ethnopedagogical component of training of future bachelors of natural sciences (...) is of particular importance in the implementation of the concept of specialized training in high school and is one of the indicators of professional readiness to implement the multicomponent component of the content of modern natural education. Ethnopedagogy as a component of modern pedagogical science is a powerful resource for the formation of general cultural competence of the future teacher, which reflects a certain level of his/her professional readiness for teaching in the context of interaction of natural and social environments, to emphasize semantic and ideological aspects, to highlight the dominance of new values. (shrink)

The article is devoted to the problem of assessing the effectiveness of the formation of acmeological competence of future navigators in the process of their professional training. And taking into account the specifics of their professional activities, the main objects of pedagogical diagnostics of the formation of the level of acmeological competence of future navigators are: acme-awareness, acme-praxis, acme-quality, acme-ability, acme-properties, value orientations and motivation, activity of interaction with the external environment, the effectiveness of subject-cognitive activity. The key in pedagogical (...) measurement is the definition of assessment criteria corresponding to the indicators of the named education. According to the main provisions of the theory of pedagogical measurement, the article highlights the criteria for the formation of the acmeological competence of future navigators with the corresponding indicators of their manifestation, the distribution of which is determined by: motivational, cognitive, praxeological and personal criteria, makes it possible to effectively evaluate the corresponding complexes of indicators of the state of formation of acmeological competence. In addition, in the course of the study, a three-level system of forming the acmeological competence of future navigators was propaned: low, medium and high. Where the highest level of formation of acmeological competence is characterized as – the level of actual "acme", which future navigators must achieve in their personal and professional development while studying in educational institutions. (shrink)

This paper reviews the assistance of a psychologist expert in the justice bodies to protect minors in Kosovo. Research data on the study of normative acts regarding the role of the expert psychologist have been analyzed since from September 1999 until 2019. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of an expert psychologist, conforming to national and international legal norms in the protection of minors at the police, prosecution and court organs, where the analysis of these legal (...) norms has been used over the years. In the case of looking at the protection of minors the expert psychologist is involved in all stages of criminal and civil proceedings before the competent authorities. The results show that the role of the psychologist expert in justice bodies in Kosovo is based on national and international law, but in this highly sensitive work Kosovo psychologist experts must have their own association to represent their requests as good as possible to the competent authorities and for the delegation of the name of the expert psychologist at the request of the judge. Moreover, it has been found that until now the determination of the expert psychologist hired has been made with the will of the judge. This paper contributes to existing scientific literature, especially in the fields of criminology, victimology and forensic psychology. Moreover, this paper is likely to contribute to the work of the Association of Psychological Experts, the Victims' Association and in the work of various minors’ protection associations. (shrink)

With the end of the apartheid regime in South Africa, new police service was needed to promote the transition to democracy. Community policing was introduced from the United Kingdom in the 1990s into South Africa as a channel to heal the wounds and injustices of the past. Over Twenty-five years down the road, community policing in South Africa has made little or no impact on the majority of South Africans who will openly admit that they do not attend their local (...) community forums, because they simply do not trust the police because of its oppressive past. It is a widely held view by several South Africans that the Police Service simply cannot change overnight from being a very brutal force to become the protectors of citizen’s human rights. This research is a qualitative study; whereby an extensive literature review was carried, exploring the issues and concepts related to community policing. The findings are that community policing has achieved its desired results. All citizens must go back to the drawing board again to bring community policing back on track for the benefit of all citizens to whom the police serve and protect. The author argues that the bitterness and divisions of the past must put be put to one side and that all citizens must co-create a country, where all South Africans are proudly part of and allowed to make their contributions. (shrink)

2019 was Earth's second warmest year since 1850. In 2019 the global mean temperature was cooler than in 2016, but warmer than any other year explicitly measured. Consequently, 2016 is still the warmest year in historical observation history. Year-to-year rankings are likely to reflect natural fluctuations in the short term, but the overall pattern remains consistent with a long-term global warming trend. This would be predicted from global warming caused by greenhouse gases, temperature increase across the globe is broadly spread, (...) impacting almost all areas of land and oceans. Climate change" and "global warming" are often used interchangeably but are of distinct significance. Global warming is the long-term heating of the Earth's climate system observed since the pre-industrial period as a result of human activities, mainly the combustion of fossil fuel, which raises the heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in the Earth's air. The term is often used interchangeably with the term climate change, as the latter applies to warming caused both humanly and naturally, and the impact it has on our planet. This is most generally calculated as the average increase in global surface temperature on Earth. Carbon dioxide emission is one of the main reasons for global warming. Since the Industrial Revolution, human sources of carbon dioxide emissions have been growing. Human activities such as the burning of oil, coal and gas, as well as deforestation are the primary cause of the increased carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere. In our research, let’s examine the relationship between the amount of carbon dioxide emissions and the GDP/capita in developed and developing countries. (shrink)

This paper is devoted to studies of communication process peculiarities, role of “negotiators” in transdisciplinary studies and also interaction processes between science and practice on an example of an empirical case. Based on the conducted analysis, a hypothesis has been confirmed that effective realization of the transdisciplinary approach is grounded on effective communication, and factors, worth attention for successful realization of research aims in transdisciplinary projects have been determined: balance of power relations between participants of transdisciplinary studies, choice of mediators’ (...) groups, change of initial instructions of scientists, cultural differences and their influence on general organization of processes, choice of communication types and forms. A necessity to construct a communicative strategy of a transdisciplinary project, forming a common field for effective interaction, has been determined; at that there must be taken into account group development stages, key topics of communication and its success indicators. It has been proved, that communication management is a necessary element of transdisciplinary studies organization and conduction. For improving communication quantity and quality, it is necessary for scientists and stakeholders to take equal responsibility and to participate in decision making. (shrink)

Condition research of economic culture of Ukraine in the context of European integration is fundamental for the formation of effective reforms and strategies of public administration and the need for further methodological improvement. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the scientific research of scientists and reports of international organizations, in particular the condition research of world values, conducted as part of the research "World values ​​Survey", in the period 2017-2020. General approaches and research methods were used during (...) the preparation of the article: theoretical generalization, analysis, synthesis and system method, statistical research, sociological research and expert opinions. The use of these methods allowed to consider the current position of economic culture and entrepreneurial culture in the context of European integration, through the prism of economic values, which are empirically studied. In this research, the author's determination of the state of economic culture in the transformation process was carried out. (shrink)

The article explores the ways of development of Ukrainian nativity drama - a genre of musical art that provides an opportunity to recreate the elusive breath of time, to learn not only about the world around but also the prospects for its preservation in Ukrainian culture. For the formation and development of the national musical culture of Ukraine, the traditions of Ukrainian nativity drama, the precondition of which was the folk music of national-historical orientation, became especially important. Besides, the folklore (...) basis contributed to the formation of some professional genres, including opera and instrumental plays. The object of the research is the nativity drama within the opera art of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the nativity scene as a musical and dramatic art form, which is an original monument of Ukrainian culture. It should be noted, that the nativity scene, especially the images of the second act, the type of its drama, had an impact on the development of Ukrainian musical and dramatic theater even in the XIX century. The mentioned influence was manifested, in particular, in the musical drama "Chornomorets", "Natalka Poltavka" by Lysenko, where folk song and dance are an integral part of the action and are a means of characterizing individual characters and dramatic situations. Some features of the character of Zaporozhets from the nativity scene were developed in the image of Karas from S. Gulak-Artemovsky's opera "Zaporozhets za Dynayem". Ukrainian music and drama art with its sources are associated with the ancient East Slavic agricultural and family holidays, games, dances, in which the element of dramatization played an important role since ancient times. Christmas games with costumes, Maslenitsa farewells, spring round dances, harvest festivals, autumn-winter round dances, and weddings became a rich source for the development of musical and theatrical art of the Ukrainian people in the XV–XVI centuries. To sum up, we can conclude that for the formation and development of the national musical culture of Ukraine in the XIX century, the Ukrainian opera became especially important, the precondition of the one was the folk music of national-historical orientation. Also, the folklore foundations, in particular the nativity scene, served to form professional genres including opera and instrumental plays. The study can be applied to prepare students and graduates in the field of Historical Sciences, Musicology, and Culturology. The significance and influence of nativity drama on the opera art of Ukraine have been studied, where the traditions of Ukrainian nativity scene, the precondition of which was the folk music of national-historical orientation, have been singled out. The study can be the basis for further study of the Ukrainian nativity drama of the XX–XXI centuries. (shrink)

building organizations on the basis of economic-mathematical models are offered. The phenomena, related to supply and storage of materials, their production use and impact of material supply on the financial structure of capital, occurred in the enterprise, are determined by means of the analysis of the production functions of dependence of return of fixed assets on material resources, and it was also investigated how such phenomena affect the return on fixed assets. On this basis, the recommendations how to improve the (...) management of materials supply in order to provide the fullest use of fixed assets are developed. Based on the study of the value of the coefficients of linear models of dependence of the financial indicators of the enterprise activity on the value of material stock, the price of a unit of stock, the types of stock, on which the profitability of the enterprise significantly depends are determined, and it is also defined what economic, financial, organizational and technological regularities are covered by these dependencies. An economic interpretation of such dependencies is given and the recommendations for improving stock management and the material supply structure are developed. The qualitative analysis of dependence of the financial indicators of the enterprise activity on the value of the stock and its cost is carried out. The recommendations for improving the management of the size and the price structure of the most important material stock are developed. (shrink)

This study aims to integrate the Balanced Scorecard and Risk Management at Shofa Pharmacy and its one branch. The risk assessment is based on the ISO 31000 framework model and the Balanced Scorecard is based on a financial perspective, a customer perspective, an internal business perspective and a learning and growth perspective. The results of risk identification show that the risks, faced by Shofa Pharmacy, are financial risk, operational risk, technology risk, business ethics risk, health and safety risk, economic risk, (...) legal risk, political risk, market risk, and project risk. Based on the results of the analysis, the highest risk is a technology risk with the risk group in information technology protection, economic risk with the fall in a demand risk group, political risk with an inflation risk group and project risk with an evaluation risk group, then risk management is carried out to reduce the risk level. (shrink)

The article represents the Ukrainian-language newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate of the early XX century and defines their role in the socio-political life of that time. It should be noted, that out of more than 100 publications, only 9 were in Ukrainian. Despite constant persecution by the tsarist administration, Ukrainian-language newspapers covered all aspects of Ukrainian life under the rule of the Russian Empire. Ukrainian-language newspapers monitored the development of society and the influenced on the formation of the national (...) consciousness of ethnic Ukrainians. The object of the research is aspects of the political life of Ukrainians on the pages of publications: "Hromadska Dumka", "Rada", "Borot'ba", "Slovo", "Selo", "Zasiv", "Mayak", "Svitova Zirnytsia." The mentioned newspapers were published in different periods, but are a valuable source for studying the history of Ukraine at the beginning of the XX century. The purpose of the article is to study the political orientation, the language of publications, and the frequency of Ukrainian-language newspapers in the Kyiv General Governorate in the early XX century. By summing up the role of newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate at the beginning of the XX century, it should be noted, that out of more than 100 publications, published in the Volyn Governorate, Kyiv Governorate, Podil Governorate, only 8 were Ukrainian-language. Nevertheless, despite constant persecution by the tsarist administration, the newspapers reflected all aspects of Ukrainian life under the control of the Russian Empire. Newspaper publications reflected the life of the Ukrainian community while influencing the formation of the national identity of ethnic Ukrainians [1]. It seems that no issue of Ukrainian national life has escaped their pages. Even the slightest manifestation of the cultural or political life of Ukrainians under the government of the Russian Empire found a response in the pages of publications in "Hromadska Dumka", "Rada", "Borot'ba", "Slovo", "Selo", "Zasiv", "Mayak", "Svitova Zirnytsia." Although the mentioned newspapers were published in different periods, they are a valuable source for studying the history of Ukraine in the early XX century, testify to the growth of national and cultural revival of the Ukrainian people in Russian Ukraine. The study can be applied to prepare students and graduates in the field of Historical Sciences and Culturology. The newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate of the early XX century were researched and systematized by language, circulation, and frequency of publication for the first time. The study can be the basis for further research of the Ukrainian periodicals for the period from 1800 to 1861 of the XIX century. (shrink)