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  1. God and Stephen Hawking: Whose Design Is It Anyway? [REVIEW]Scott D. G. Ventureyra - 2014 - Science Et Esprit 66 (3):486-490.
  2. Cosmos and Anthropos: A Philosophical Interpretation of the Anthropic Cosmological Principle. Errol E. Harris. [REVIEW]John Leslie - 1993 - Philosophy of Science 60 (4):667-669.
  3. ‘Lord only of the ruffians and fiends’? William Whewell and the plurality of worlds debate.Laura J. Snyder - 2007 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 38 (3):584-592.
    By the middle of the nineteenth century, the opinion of science, as well as of philosophy and even religion, was, at least in Britain, firmly in the camp of the plurality of worlds, the view that intelligent life exists on other celestial bodies. William Whewell, considered an expert on science, philosophy and religion, would have been expected to support this position. Yet he surprised everyone in 1853 by publishing a work arguing strongly against the plurality view. This was even stranger (...)
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  4. (1 other version)Anthropic arguments outside of cosmology and string theory.Milan M. Ćirković - 2016 - Belgrade Philosophical Annual 29:91-114.
    Anthropic reasoning has lately been strongly associated with the string theory landscape and some theories of particle cosmology, such as cosmological inflation. The association is not, contrary to multiple statements by physicists and philosophers alike, necessary. On the contrary, there are clear reasons and instances in which the anthropic reasoning is useful in a diverse range of fields such as planetary sciences, geophysics, future studies, risk analysis, origin of life studies, evolutionary theory, astrobiology and SETI studies, ecology, or even strategic (...)
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  5. Anthropic shadow: observation selection effects and human extinction risks.Milan M. Ćirković, Anders Sandberg & Nick Bostrom - unknown
    We describe a significant practical consequence of taking anthropic biases into account in deriving predictions for rare stochastic catastrophic events. The risks associated with catastrophes such as asteroidal/cometary impacts, supervolcanic episodes, and explosions of supernovae/gamma-ray bursts are based on their observed frequencies. As a result, the frequencies of catastrophes that destroy or are otherwise incompatible with the existence of observers are systematically underestimated. We describe the consequences of the anthropic bias for estimation of catastrophic risks, and suggest some directions for (...)
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  6. What have we learned from observational cosmology?J. -Ch Hamilton - 2014 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 46 (1):70-85.
    23 pages, no figure. Proceedings of "Philosophical Aspects of Modern Cosmology" held in Granada, Spain, 22-23 Sept. 2011. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics ; doi:10.1016/j.shpsb.2013.02.002.
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  7. Conflict between anthropic reasoning and observation.Ken D. Olum - 2004 - Analysis 64 (1):1-8.
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  8. Is the Anthropic Principle a Poor Man’s Intelligent Design?John Ozolins - 2008 - Ethics Education 14 (1).
  9. (1 other version)M.A. Corey, God And The New Cosmology: The Anthropic Design Argument. [REVIEW]Andrew Jeffery - 1994 - Philosophy in Review 14:246-248.
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  10. The Anthropic Cosmological Principle.Patrick A. Wilson - 1989 - Dissertation, University of Notre Dame
    The structure of the universe and of most objects in it is determined by a small number of physical constants. It can be shown that only a limited range of values for each of these constants is compatible with the existence of human life. The fact that we are able to exist--but just barely--calls for an explanation. In the last fifteen years, an "anthropic principle" has been proposed as a possible scientific explanation of the fortuitous features of our world. This (...)
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  11. Is the Idea of Scientific Explanation Unduly Anthropocentric?: The Lessons of the Anthropic Principle.John Worrall - 1996 - London School of Economics, Centre for the Philosophy of the Natural and Social Sciences.
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  12. A New Look At The Anthropic Principle: A Critical Study of Errol E. Harris's Cosmos and Anthropos: A Philosophical Interpretation of the Anthropic Cosmological Principle. [REVIEW]Marie George & Warren Murray - 1994 - Reason Papers 19:132-145.
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  13. Conditions of Knowledge: The Weak Anthropic Principle, Selection Effects, Transcendental Arguments and Provisoes.Sherrilyn Marie Roush - 1999 - Dissertation, Harvard University
    In this study I investigate routes through which empirical conditions required for activities of knowing come to be relevant to questions of justification, relevant, that is, to questions about what can be concluded from evidence gathered. Thus it investigates concretely the reasoning at several sites where conditions external to the knower's mind become important to internal questions of justification. ;In Chapter 2 I analyze the reasoning associated with the Weak Anthropic Principle ---"what we observe may be restricted by the conditions (...)
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  14. The Anthropic Principle and the Multiverse.Wolfgang Osterhage - 2012 - Philosophy Pathways 170.
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  15. J. D. Barrow and F. J. Tipler, "The Anthropic Cosmological Principle".J. J. C. Smart - 1987 - Philosophical Quarterly 37 (149):463.
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  16. John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler's "The Anthropic Cosmological Principle". [REVIEW]Charles Brown - 1988 - Reason Papers 13:217-223.
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  17. Does the anthropic principle live up to scientific standards?Peter P. Kirschenmann - 1992 - Annals of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science 8 (2):21-48.
  18. What does the anthropic principle explain.Robert J. Deltete - 1993 - Perspectives on Science 1 (2):285-305.
    Recently, different versions of a cosmological “anthropic principle” have been used to try to explain various features of the universe. This essay, which focuses on some early uses of AP, argues that even modest appeals to it cannot be regarded as genuinely explanatory.
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  19. Tautology, methodological warning or explanatory makeshift-a critical discussion of a few anthropic principles.Pp Kirschenmann - 1994 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 56 (3):469-493.
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  20. Stationary cosmologies and the anthropic principle.Milan M. Ćirković - 1999 - Theoria 42 (1-2):81-111.
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  21. Misuse of the anthropic principle: Quasireligious pseudoscience caught in act.Milan M. Ćirković - 2006 - Theoria 49 (1-2):21-35.
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  22. (1 other version)MA Corey, God and the New Cosmology: The Anthropic Design Argument Reviewed by.Andrew V. Jeffery - 1994 - Philosophy in Review 14 (4):246-248.
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  23. The anthropic principle.Victor J. Stenger - 2007 - In T. Flynn (ed.), The New Encyclopedia of Unbelief. Prometheus.
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  24. The anthropic principle does not support supernaturalism.Michael Ikeda & Bill Jefferys - 2006 - In Michael Martin & Ricki Monnier (eds.), The Improbability of God. Prometheus Books. pp. 150--166.
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  25. The anthropic principle and its epistemological status in modern physical cosmology.Bernulf Kanitscheider - 1991 - In Evandro Agazzi & Alberto Cordero (eds.), Philosophy and the Origin and Evolution of the Universe. Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 361--397.
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  26. Agencies, capacities, and anthropic self-selection.Milan M. Cirkovic - 2004 - In Margaret A. Simons, Marybeth Timmermann & Mary Beth Mader (eds.), Philosophical Writings. University of Illinois Press. pp. 27.
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  27. Anthropic reasoning.Martin J. Rees - 1997 - Complexity 3 (1):17-21.
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  28. The Anthropic cosmological principle and the Omega Point.Anton Hajduk - 2002 - Ultimate Reality and Meaning 25 (1):26-35.
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  29. Probability in the Philosophy of Religion.Jake Chandler & Victoria S. Harrison (eds.) - 2012 - Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press.
    Probability theory promises to deliver an exact and unified foundation for inquiry in epistemology and philosophy of science. But philosophy of religion is also fertile ground for the application of probabilistic thinking. This volume presents original contributions from twelve contemporary researchers, both established and emerging, to offer a representative sample of the work currently being carried out in this potentially rich field of inquiry. Grouped into five parts, the chapters span a broad range of traditional issues in religious epistemology. The (...)
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  30. The so-called “anthropic principle” as a semiotic principle in empirical theory formation.Max Bense - 1984 - American Journal of Semiotics 2 (4):93-97.
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  31. The Universe-Life Essence...Dov Henis - manuscript
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  32. Tautologie, methodologische waarschuwing of noodverklaring ? Een kritische bespreking Van enkele antropische principes.P. P. Kirschenmann - 1994 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 56 (3):469 - 493.
    The Anthropic Principle (AP), in its many versions, has received diverging assessments. I mainly examine the less speculative weak (WAP) and strong (SAP) versions and their assessments. I argue, among others, the following points. The construal of the WAP asa consistency requirement or a truth of (Bayesian) confirmation theory, while correct, does not quite capture its spirit. The charge of its being a tautology, which occasionscomparisons with the Principle of Natural Selection (PNS), is overstated. Still, in contrast with PNS's role, (...)
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  33. Człowiek miarą Wszechświata? Problem zasad antropicznych w kosmologii.Marek Łagosz - 2002 - Filozofia Nauki 1.
    The paper discusses problems concerning anthropocentric understanding of cosmology and physics. The author considers two version of anthropic principle ("weak" and "strong"). Among other things the connection between anthropic principle and cosmological principle is here analysed. The author also deals with the problem of object-subject relation in physical science (probability and measurement in quantum mechanics). He have come to the conclusion, that anthropocentric interpretation of physical science leads to essential difficulties.
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  34. The Anthropic Cosmological Principle. [REVIEW]William Lane Craig - 1987 - International Philosophical Quarterly 27 (4):437-447.
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  35. Divine Persuasion and the Anthropic Argument.Barry Whitney - 1998 - The Personalist Forum 14 (2):141-169.
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  36. Multiverse Cosmological Models.P. C. W. Davies - unknown
    Recent advances in string theory and inflationary cosmology have led to a surge of interest in the possible existence of an ensemble of cosmic regions, or “universes”, among the members of which key physical parameters, such as the masses of elementary particles and the coupling constants, might assume different values. The observed values in our cosmic region are then attributed to an observer selection effect (the so-called anthropic principle). The assemblage of universes has been dubbed “the multiverse”. In this paper (...)
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  37. Observation.Nick Bostrom - unknown
    Space is big. It is very, very big. On the currently most favored cosmological theories, we are living in an infinite world, a world that contains an infinite number of planets, stars, galaxies, and black holes. This is an implication of most “multiverse theoriesâ€, according to which our universe is just one in a vast ensemble of physically real universes. But it is also a consequence of the standard Big Bang cosmology, if combined with the assumption that our universe is (...)
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  38. Generation of the universe and "Design for living".Percy Alfonso Campbell - 1934 - East Cleveland, Ohio,: East Cleveland, Ohio.
  39. The intelligibility of the universe.Mary Cosmas Hughes - 1946 - Washington,: The Catholic University of America Press.
  40. Cosmic attributes.John Elof Boodin - 1943 - Philosophy of Science 10 (1):1-12.
    We must start with the cosmos as a going concern and proceed at first analytically. Then we can reverse the process and examine the synthesis. Are there any characters which we must attribute to the cosmos taken as a whole—characters which we must take into account in all the various processes of nature? If so, we shall have a framework for metaphysics or cosmology. Owing to our new interest in nature, metaphysics merges into cosmology. In this respect we are going (...)
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  41. Are cosmological theories compatible with all possible evidence: A missing methodological link.Nick Bostrom - unknown
    This paper argues that our current best cosmological theories, according to which cosmos is very big are compatible with all possible evidence. The problem is unrelated to the Quine-Duhem underdetermination thesis. The compatibility to which this paper draws attention is much more radical: it appears as if all of our best cosmological theories are perfectly probabilistically compatible with all possible evidence and that no empirical discovery could give us any reason whatever to favor one such theory over another. This consequence (...)
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  42. Anthropic web of the universe: Atom and ātman.Plamen Gradinarov - 1989 - Philosophy East and West 39 (1):27-45.
  43. Nick Bostrom, anthropic bias: Observation selection effects in science and philosophy. [REVIEW]Milan M. Ćirković - 2003 - Foundations of Science 8 (4):417-423.
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  44. Anthropic prediction.John Leslie - 1994 - Philosophia 23 (1-4):117-144.
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  45. The inverse gambler's fallacy and cosmology--a reply to Hacking.P. J. McGrath - 1988 - Mind 97 (386):265-268.
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  46. Puzzles of anthropic reasoning resolved using full non-indexical conditioning.Radford M. Neal - unknown
    I consider the puzzles arising from four interrelated problems involving `anthropic' reasoning, and in particular the `Self-Sampling Assumption' (SSA) - that one should reason as if one were randomly chosen from the set of all observers in a suitable reference class. The problem of Freak Observers might appear to force acceptance of SSA if any empirical evidence is to be credited. The Sleeping Beauty problem arguably shows that one should also accept the `Self-Indication Assumption' (SIA) - that one should take (...)
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  47. Hume and the argument for biological design.Graham Oppy - 1996 - Biology and Philosophy 11 (4):519-534.
    There seems to be a widespread conviction — evidenced, for example, in the work of Mackie, Dawkins and Sober — that it is Darwinian rather than Humean considerations which deal the fatal logical blow to arguments for intelligent design. I argue that this conviction cannot be well-founded. If there are current logically decisive objections to design arguments, they must be Humean — for Darwinian considerations count not at all against design arguments based upon apparent cosmological fine-tuning. I argue, further, that (...)
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Anthropic Principle
  1. Big Bang, Actual State of Our Universe, Fine-Tuning, Anthropic Principle.Paul Merriam & M. A. Z. Habeeb - manuscript
    We can ask, (1) given the state of the universe at the big bang, what is the probability that the universe would have ended up in its current actual state? What is the probability distribution for the possible states the universe could have evolved into? We can ask, (2) given the current actual state of the universe, what is the probability the big bang would have been in the state it was? What is the probability distribution over different possible states (...)
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  2. Modal Realism and Anthropic Reasoning.Mario Gómez-Torrente - 2024 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 102 (4):925-938.
    Some arguments against David Lewis’s modal realism seek to exploit apparent inconsistencies between it and anthropic reasoning. A recent argument, in particular, seeks to exploit an inconsistency between modal realism and typicality anthropic premises, premises common in the literature on physical multiverses, to the effect that observers who are like human observers in certain respects must be typical in the relevant multiverse. Here I argue that typicality premises are not applicable to the description of Lewis’s metaphysical multiverse, where the proportions (...)
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  3. The Grabby Alien Observer Paradox: An Anthropic Dilemma regarding the Grabby Alien Hypothesis.Walter Barta - manuscript
    In his article “If Loud Aliens Explain Human Earliness, Quiet Aliens are also Rare”, Robin Hanson proposes the Grabby Alien Hypothesis, which proposes that extraterrestrial civilizations (ETIs) exist outside of our observable universe and are gradually expanding to fill the universe. The existence of such grabby aliens in our future expanding to fill all available niches puts a cosmic deadline on independently originating sources of life. This cosmic cutoff offers an explanation for why human observers seem to be relatively early (...)
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