Engineering

Communities of nuclear workers have evolved in distinctive contexts. During the Manhattan Project the UK, USA and Canada collectively developed the first reactors, isotope separation plants and atomic bombs and, in the process, nurtured distinct cadres of specialist workers. Their later workplaces were often inherited from wartime facilities, or built anew at isolated locations. For a decade, nuclear specialists were segregated and cossetted to gestate practical expertise. At Oak Ridge Tennessee, for example, the informal ‘Clinch College of Nuclear Knowledge’ aimed (...) to industrialise the use of radioactive materials. ‘We were like children in a toy factory’, said its Director: ‘everyone could play the game of designing new nuclear power piles’. His counterpart at Chalk River, Ontario headed a project ‘completely Canadian in every respect’, while the head of the British project chose the remote Dounreay site in northern Scotland because of design uncertainties in the experimental breeder reactor. With the decline of secrecy during the mid-1950s, the hidden specialists lauded as ‘atomic scientists’ gradually became visible as new breeds of engineers, technologists and technicians responsible for nuclear reactors and power plants. Mutated by their different political contexts, occupational categories, labour affiliations, professional representations and popular depictions, their activities were disputed by distinct audiences. This chapter examines the changing identities of nuclear specialists and the significance of their secure sites. Shaped successively by Cold War secrecy, commercial competition and terrorist threats, nuclear energy remained out of site for wider publics and most nuclear specialists alike. The distinctive episodes reveal the changing working experiences of technical workers in late-twentieth and early twenty-first century environments. (shrink)

The goal of this paper is to review and critically discuss the philosophical aspects of probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). Given that estimates of seismic hazard are typically riddled with uncertainty, diferent epistemic values (related to the pursuit of scientifc knowledge) compete in the selection of seismic hazard models, in a context infuenced by non-epistemic values (related to practical goals and aims) as well. We frst distinguish between the diferent types of uncertainty in PSHA. We claim that epistemic and nonepistemic (...) considerations are closely related in the selection of the appropriate estimate of seismic hazard by the experts. Finally, we argue that the division of scientifc responsibility among the experts can lead to responsibility gaps. This raises a problem for the ownership of the results (“no one’s model” problem) similar to the “problem of many hands” in the ethics of technology. We conclude with a plea for a close collaboration between philosophy and engineering. (shrink)

The study determined the dynamics of growing grain crops in Ukraine and the geography of their export. The problems of ensuring export logistics as a result of military aggression by russia in the context of ensuring food security are pointed out. The main directions of export logistics of grain crops from Ukraine and the peculiarities of transportation by railway, river and road transport were studied. The directions of diversification of export logistics of grain crops from Ukraine during martial law in (...) the context of ensuring food security have been determined. Further ways of ensuring the development of the export of grain crops from Ukraine and improving the logistics infrastructure are substantiated. A description of the directions of cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union countries regarding the promotion and support of export logistics to the main countries of importers of agricultural products to ensure food security is provided. Ways of post-war restoration of the logistics of export of agricultural products from Ukraine and ensuring the sustainability of agricultural producers are considered. (shrink)

The proposed system for coping negative emotions arising during the learning process is considered as an embedded part of the complex intelligent learning system realized in a digital environment. By applying data-driven procedures on the current and retrospective data the main didactic-based stimuli provoking emotion generation are identified. They are examined as dominant negative emotions in the context of learning. Due to the presence of strong internal and output interconnections between teaching and emotional states, an intelligent decoupling multidimensional control scheme (...) is accepted to overcome the lack of sample effective independent control actions that separately affect the states of learning and emotions. To avoid existing drawbacks in emotion-focused partial control, an approach with integrating emotions with a low-dimensional representation is accepted. Two-stage procedure is proposed to compensate the negative impact of emotions on the learning process. (shrink)

The depletion of fossil fuels, coupled with the growing awareness of the impact of fossil fuel consumption on the global environment, has spurred research activities focused on alternative (or recycled energy). Besides, the demand for energy and related services to meet people's economic and social development, welfare and health is also increasing daily. Therefore, renewable energy is an excellent approach to mitigate climate change and meet the sustainable energy needs of present and future generations future.

Integration sustainability outcomes give attention to construction ecology in the design review of urban environments to comply with Earth’s System that is composed of integral parts of the (i.e., physical, chemical and biological components). Naturally, exchange patterns of industrial ecology have consistent and periodic cycles to preserve energy flows and materials in Earth’s System. When engineering topology is affecting internal and external processes in system networks, it postulated the valence of the first-level spatial outcome (i.e., project compatibility success). These instrumentalities (...) are dependent on relating the second-level outcome (i.e., participant security satisfaction). The construction ecology-based topology (i.e., as feedback energy system) flows from biotic and abiotic resources in the entire Earth’s ecosystems. These spatial outcomes are providing an innovation, as entails a wide range of interactions to state, regulate and feedback “topology” to flow as “interdisciplinary equilibrium” of ecosystems. The interrelation dynamics of ecosystems are performing a process in a certain location within an appropriate time for characterizing their unique structure in “equilibrium patterns”, such as biosphere and collecting a composite structure of many distributed feedback flows. These interdisciplinary systems regulate their dynamics within complex structures. These dynamic mechanisms of the ecosystem regulate physical and chemical properties to enable a gradual and prolonged incremental pattern to develop a stable structure. The engineering topology of construction ecology for integration sustainability outcomes offers an interesting tool for ecologists and engineers in the simulation paradigm as an initial form of development structure within compatible computer software. This approach argues from ecology, resource savings, static load design, financial other pragmatic reasons, while an artistic/architectural perspective, these are not decisive. The paper described an attempt to unify analytic and analogical spatial modeling in developing urban environments as a relational setting, using optimization software and applied as an example of integrated industrial ecology where the construction process is based on a topology optimization approach. (shrink)

As urbanization happens, more and more buildings are built, leading to the increasing deaths of birds due to collisions with buildings, especially in the United States (US). According to a systematic estimate based on 26 datasets from North America, around 365 and 988 million birds are killed annually by crashing into buildings in the US. Collisions with low-rise buildings (4 to 11 stories tall) account for the highest proportion of mortality, with 56%.

Digital technology is about people. It is about those who plan, develop and implement applications which other people use and are affected by. It is about the impact on all these people as well as on the world at large. Ethical Digital Technology in Practice takes a real-world perspective to explore these impacts over time and discover ways in which to promote ethical digital technology through good practice. It draws upon the author’s published articles in trade magazines, professional journals and (...) online blogs. These are synthesised into a blueprint which addresses, in a practical manner, the societal issues surrounding the increasing use and abuse of digital technology. It is a follow-up book to the author’s book The Evolving Landscape of Ethical Digital Technology, which has a researcher’s perspective. -/- This book is a hands-on account of the computer revolution from 1995 to the current day when the world is increasingly dependent on digital technology. It explores some of the social and ethical issues that are part of this revolution. This is not a book about deep philosophical and technical concepts. Nor does it claim to be comprehensive. It is the author’s personal account of technological change and its effects on people. It is written by a boy who was smitten by computer technology at the age of 15, became a computer professional and subsequently spent many years showing young people how to develop and use digital technology in a good way. It is a book based upon the author’s engagement with practitioners, academics and students during the period as well as his continued fascination with this fantastic technology. Ethical Digital Technology in Practice is a book about the real world, of what has happened and what might happen as digital technology continues to pervade. (shrink)

With the rapid development of information technology, the electricity consumption of Internet Data Centers (IDCs) increases drastically, resulting in considerable carbon emissions that need to be reduced urgently. In addition to the introduction of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), the joint use of the spatial migration capacity of IDC workload and the temporal flexibility of the demand of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCSs) provides an important means to change the carbon footprint of the IDC. In this paper, a sustainability improvement strategy (...) for the IDC carbon emission reduction was developed by coordinating the spatial-temporal dispatch flexibilities of the IDC workload and the EVCS demand. Based on the Minkowski sum algorithm, a generalized flexible load model of the EVCSs, considering traffic flow and Road Impedance (RI) was formulated. The case studies show that the proposed method can effectively increase the renewable energy consumption, reduce the overall carbon emissions of multi-IDCs, reduce the energy cost of the DCO, and utilize the EV dispatching potential. Discussions are also provided on the relationship between workload processing time delay and the renewable energy consumption rate. (shrink)

In the last decade, blockchain technology has seen adoption to infinite domains, health care sector is one of the major domains where there are a greater opportunity and advantage to leverage the benefits of distributed ledgers in storing and securing patient medical records. The Government of India is also very keen on digitization in addition to their wider adoption of blockchain technology to serve the citizens by ensuring their privacy and security of personally sensitive. In this paper, we propose a (...) framework for the secure management of patient medical records based on the Ethereum blockchain. The PMR is tokenized using the ERC-721 standard which is a Non-Fungible Token that can be uniquely mapped to the individual patient. To ensure a higher level of security and non-redundancy, the medical records are stored and maintained in distributed storage like InterPlanetary File System ; to ensure privacy, the patient’s sensitive information is anonymized through a privacy-preserving scheme. To provide complete control of the medical record to individual patients, we have employed a secret sharing scheme with essential share that is owned by the patient. The proposed framework aims to provide correctness and consistency in managing the PMR over its life cycle. (shrink)

The Internet of Things (IoT) wireless LAN in healthcare has moved away from traditional methods that include hospital visits and continuous monitoring. The Internet of Things allows the use of certain means, including the detection, processing and transmission of physical and biomedical parameters. With powerful algorithms and intelligent systems, it will be available to provide unprecedented levels of critical data for real-time life that are collected and analyzed to guide people in research, management and emergency care. This chapter provides a (...) quick overview of IoT features and how they relate to wireless discovery and technology to deploy the medical applications you need. In the world, the revolution in any industry is to connect your products and devices to the Internet and make them independent and remotely connected, so that anyone can use and view them from anywhere and anytime. The Internet of Things provides us with a home automation system that uses smart devices to overcome this obstacle, allowing us to easily manage our appliances. A smart city is a vision to integrate a variety of information and communication solutions for residents with essential services, such as smart parking on all streets. The main motivation for using the Internet for parking objects is simply collecting data to get free parking. The IoT-based RTSSPS architecture is divided into three parts: a WSN-based smart street parking module, an IoT-based smart street parking module, and an IoT-based smart street parking module. IoT-based cloud with street parking algorithm, rating and future directions. (shrink)

One of the benefits of hypertext in a connected digital environment is the ability to interlink documents. This was part of the hyper-text focused vision of the internet that Tim Berners-Lee was trying to create in the 1990s when he developed the World Wide Web.

The proposed project is based on a Dietitian app. The proposed app lets us discover what should we eat based on our weight, height, age, sex, and physical activity. It calculates BMI and BMR and tells us how many calories should we ideally need to intake per day. The calories we should intake will be feed in and based on the RETE algorithm the amount of food intake for the day will be decided. The proposed application is for any type (...) of body person, it is also suited for any range of weight people. It will ideally inform how should we cut down the weight using target programs such as 1LB per week gain/loss. The given system will suggest a food list according to the meal that is if it’s breakfast lunch or dinner. It will accordingly organize heavy calorie food & light calorie food. The system will give more accurate results as it accepts the data entered by the user and processes it depending on some metrics already known to the application on the basis of which a diet plan is generated and ask the user if the user accepts the diet plan. If not accepted the system may also give an alternative diet plan. (shrink)

This work has been designed to develop an a dynamic road signal based on an emergency with density. The sync signal automatically switches to detecting traffic density at the intersection. Traffic congestion is a serious problem in many large cities around the world and has become a nightmare for travelers in these cities. The conventional traffic light system is based on the concept of fixed time assigned to each side of the join that cannot be varied by varying traffic density. (...) The tie times assigned are fixed. But in an emergency, emergency timings change according to the distance and depth of the traffic. At the time the emergency vehicle is read by the receiver it will execute the management of the traffic light. These projects are infrared proximity sensors in the sightline configuration through the load to detect the traffic light density. The vehicle density is measured in several sectors based on the times assigned as a result. Every crossing of the emergency vehicle logs the data's to the cloud. This log signal would help with the destination acknowledgment. This synchronization will greatly reduce traffic jam. -/- . (shrink)

Accurate and precise trajectory tracking is crucial for a quadrotor to operate in disturbed environments. This paper presents a novel tracking hybrid controller for a quadrotor UAV that combines the Adaptive and Fuzzy logic controller. The Adaptive fuzzy controller is implemented to govern the behavior of two degrees of freedom quadrotor UAV. The proposed controller allows controlling the movement of UAVs to track a given trajectory in a 2D vertical plane. The Fuzzy Logic system provides an automatic adjustment of the (...) Adaptive parameters to reduce tracking errors and improve the quality of the controller. The results showed perfect behavior for the control law to control a quadrotor trajectory tracking task. To show the effectiveness of the intelligent controller, simulation results are given to confirm the advantages of the proposed control method, compared with Fuzzy and Proportional integral derivative (PID) control methods. (shrink)

A ventilator is a device that provides cool air by moving the air in or out of the lungs, inhaling a patient who is not fit to smell, or breathing properly. In this paper, a resistive chest belt sensorbased mechanical ventilator is designed to provide the COVID-19 patient with the volume of air you need to deliver with the expansion of the patient's chest in need of more air. The resistive band sensor senses the expansion of the patient's chest and (...) controls the solenoid valve attached to the oxygen compressor. The function of the respirator is tested with the MATLAB / Simulink tool with the help of a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Controller and a promising result obtained. (shrink)

Proportional integral observer (PIO) for tracking a nonlinear method has a lower sentiency to cipher the state and output variables. So a more nonlinear controller has to be else to control to activity. In this paper, a fuzzy logic (FLC) controller has been added to the PIO to meliorate the calculation transmute. A fuzzy proportional integral observer (FPIO) for following a nonlinear system has been premeditated to decimate the susceptibleness to cipher the tell and turnout variables with the existent posit (...) and product variables. The FPIO controller has been tested for improving the estimation control using a nonlinear quarter vehicle active suspension system with a nonlinear hydraulic actuator. A comparison simulation of the proposed nonlinear system for estimating the state variables and tracking the output (suspension deflection) with a set point bump road disturbance using FPIO and PIO. The comparison simulation result shows that the estimated state variables and system output match the actual ones perfectly using a fuzzy PIO controller. (shrink)

In this paper an attempt has been made towards the design and evaluation of a solar parabolic trough collector (PTC) system integrated with a conventional oil boiler (COB) to increase the energy utilization effectiveness and reduce the environmental emission of the existing conventional oil boiler in the Kombolcha textile factory, in Ethiopia. The factory uses 8500 ton/annum of heavy fuel oil to generate 26 ton/hour of pressurized hot water at 140C temperature which causes an increase in greenhouse gas emissions, so (...) the solar parabolic trough collector hot water generation system will be an appropriate solution for this application. Based on the available annual solar radiation, estimates of the solar fraction, solar energy unit price and system pay-back period have been carried out. The proposed system has the potential to save 1055.9 ton/year of fuel oil. The unit cost of PTC solar energy is estimated to be 0.0088 $/kWh and the payback period of the plant is five years. Since the unit price of oil energy (0.0424 $/kWh) is much greater than the unit price of solar energy by a substantial margin (0.033 $/kWh) in Ethiopia, therefore the water heating system by a solar parabolic trough collector is a feasible alternative to heating by a conventional oil boiler. (shrink)

An AC servomotor which is mostly a two-phase induction motor with two stator field coils placed 90 electrical degrees apart used for controlling position, speed and acceleration in manufacturing industries. In this paper, a two-phase induction motor has been designed with a fuzzy logic and observer based controllers to improve the performance of the system. Comparison of the AC servomotor with the proposed controllers for tracking a step and a square desired position signal input has been done using Matlab/Simulink toolbox (...) and a promising result obtained. (shrink)

Anamoly detection in videos plays an important role in various real-life applications. Most of traditional approaches depend on utilizing handcrafted features which are problem-dependent and optimal for specific tasks. Nowadays, there has been a rise in the amount of disruptive and offensive activities that have been happening. Due to this, security has been given principal significance. Public places like shopping centers, avenues, banks, etc. are increasingly being equipped with CCTVs to guarantee the security of individuals. Subsequently, this inconvenience is making (...) a need to computerize this system with high accuracy. Since constant observation of these surveillance cameras by humans is a near-impossible task. It requires workforces and their constant attention to judge if the captured activities are anomalous or suspicious. Hence, this drawback is creating a need to automate this process with high accuracy. Moreover, there is a need to display which frame and which parts of the recording contain the uncommon activity which helps the quicker judgment of that unordinary action being unusual or suspicious. Therefore, to reduce the wastage of time and labour, we are utilizing deep learning algorithms for Automating Threat Recognition System. Its goal is to automatically identify signs of aggression and violence in real-time, which filters out irregularities from normal patterns. We intend to utilize different Deep Learning models (CNN and RNN) to identify and classify levels of high movement in the frame. From there, we can raise a detection alert for the situation of a threat, indicating the suspicious activities at an instance of time and spray the smoke spray. (shrink)

Highlights: -/- • Breastfeeding and breastfeeding support can contribute to mitigating climate change. • Achieving global nutrition targets will save more emissions than fuel-switching. • Breastfeeding support programmes support a just transition. • This work can support the expansion of mitigation options in energy system models. -/- Abstract: -/- Renewable gas has been proposed as a solution to decarbonise industrial processes, specifically heat demand. As part of this effort, the breast-milk substitutes industry is proposing to use renewable gas as a (...) substitute for fossil natural gas. However, decarbonising the industrial processing of breast-milk substitutes can increase social license for these products, potentially undermining breastfeeding. World Health Organisation nutrition targets aim to increase exclusive breastfeeding to at least 50% globally by 2025 to improve maternal, infant, and young child health and nutrition. This target will have implications for the energy transition. A weakness of existing energy models is that demands for end-use products such as breast-milk substitutes are typically not considered explicitly. This paper develops an analytical framework for explicitly representing infant feeding methods in energy systems models. We compare the emissions saved in Ireland from decarbonising the industrial processing of breast-milk substitutes with renewable gas with the emissions saved by an increase in exclusive breastfeeding to 50% in both Ireland and a key export market, China. We demonstrate that the emissions saved from achieving the minimum global breastfeeding target are greater than when renewable gas is used to displace natural gas in the production of breast-milk substitutes in Ireland. We discuss the decarbonisation of breast-milk substitutes in relation to the principle of justice as non-maleficence, a principle based on the commitment to avoid harm, a novel application of a principle of justice. We conclude that breastfeeding support can be considered a demand-side measure for mitigating climate change by reducing the demand for energy services to produce breast-milk substitutes. A key recommendation is to position breastfeeding support as both a public health and a climate justice issue that is relevant for a just transition. The framework developed for this paper could be applied to support the inclusion of a wider range of mitigation options with social justice outcomes in energy system models. [Open access]. (shrink)

Agricultural productivity is something on which Indian economy highly depends. This is the one of the reasons that disease detection in plants plays a vital role in agriculture field, as having disease in plants are unavoidable. If proper care is not taken in this area, then it causes serious effects on plants and due to which the overall agriculture yield will be affected. For instance, a disease named little leaf disease is a hazardous disease found in pine trees in United (...) States. Detection of plant disease through some automatic technique is beneficial as it reduces a large work of monitoring in big farms of crops, and at very early stage itself if detected properly by identifying the symptoms of diseases can result in increased productivity. This paper presents an algorithm for image segmentation technique which is used for automatic detection and classification of plant leaf diseases. It also covers diseases classification techniques that can be used for plant leaf disease detection. Image segmentation is one of the method which will segment the raw images in to two or more clusters and the programmed algorithm will work fine in analyzing these clusters for disease classification and prediction of type of disease that a plant leaf gets affected. (shrink)

The corona virus COVID-19 pandemic is causing a global health crisis so the effective protection methods is wearing a face mask in public areas according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The COVID-19 pandemic forced governments across the world to impose lockdowns to prevent virus transmissions. Reports indicate that wearing facemasks while at work clearly reduces the risk of transmission. An efficient and economic approach of using AI to create a safe environment in a manufacturing setup. A hybrid model using (...) deep and classical machine learning for face mask detection will be presented. A face mask detection dataset consists of with mask and without mask images, we are going to use OpenCV to do real-time face detection from a live stream via our webcam. We will use the dataset to build a COVID-19 face mask detector with computer vision using Python, OpenCV, and Tensor Flow and Keras. Our goal is to identify whether the person on image/video stream is wearing a face mask or not with the help of computer vision and deep learning. (shrink)

Multi sensor data fusion allows large scale deployments for environmental monitoring applications especially in the areas like homes, other buildings and infrastructures and industries. In such areas early fire detection is of great importance as the consequences of a fire are catastrophic. This project predicts the possibility of catching fire using a multi-sensor scheme of data fusion to enhance the performance of the early fire detection process by detecting the concentration of inflammable gases in the atmosphere and by measuring the (...) atmospheric temperature. (shrink)

In recent days Augmented Reality is an emerging trend in marketing and sales strategies. Augmented reality ads are immersive, which means they help marketers create a certain emotional connection with customers. Unlike images or banners, for example, AR ads are interactive and lifelike consumers can see and even interact with them. Now-a-days people prefer online shopping rather than the traditional window shopping and Augmented Reality allows brands to give customers unique experiences with the convenience of tapping into their mobile devices. (...) So the main purpose is to build an “AR Watch Try-On application” is to develop android application for trying different watches in a Virtual way using a mobile which supports AR camera. This application can be used on Online Watch Shopping websites and applications such as Titan, Fastrack, Sonata and so on. The application will eliminate the human efforts by physically visiting the Watch shops which is very time-consuming activity. User can try out multiple watches and different varients of those watches. (shrink)

The Medical bot project is built using artificial algorithms that analyses user’s queries and understand user’s message. This System is a web application which provides answer to the query of the patients. Patients just have to query through the bot which is used for chatting. Patients can chat using any format there is no specific format the user has to follow. The System uses built in artificial intelligence to answer the query. The answers are appropriate what the user queries. The (...) User can query any Medical related activities through the system. The user does not have to personally go to the Medical for enquiry. The System analyses the question and then answers to the user. The system answers to the query as if it is answered by the person. With the help of artificial intelligence, the system answers the query asked by the patients. The system replies using an effective Graphical user interface which implies that as if a real person is talking to the user. The user just has to register himself to the system and has to login to the system. After login user can access to the various helping pages. Various helping pages has the bot through which the user can chat by asking queries related to Medical activities. The system replies to the user with the help of effective graphical user interface. The user can query about the Medical related activities through online with the help of this web application. The user can query Medical related activities such as date and timing of annual day, sports day, and other cultural activities. This system helps the patients to be updated about the Medical activities. (shrink)

Due to the innovative possibilities of digital technologies, the issue of increasing automation is once again on the agenda – and not only in the industry, but also in other branches and sectors of contemporary societies. Although public and scientific discussions about automation seem to raise relevant questions of the “old” debate, such as the replacement of human labor by introducing new technologies, the authors focus here on the new contextual quality of these questions. The debate should rethink the relationship (...) between technology and work with regard to quantitative and qualitative changes in work. In this article, our example will be the introduction of automation in industry, which has been reflected in the widely recognized study by Frey and Osborne in 2013. They estimated the expected impacts of future computerization on US labor market outcomes as very high, specifically regarding the number of jobs at risk. Surprisingly, this study was the starting point of an intensive international debate on the impact of technologies on the future of work and the role of technological change in working environments. Thus, according to the authors, “old” questions remain important, but they should be reinterpreted for “new” societal demands and expectations of future models of work. (shrink)

The cashew nut is essential for physical and emotional well-being. It is an energetic diet and the best food medication for many illnesses. Nuts protects from malignant growth, coronary illness, circulatory strain, and various degenerative infirmities connected to aging. It can be used for several medicinal purposes. Every part of cashew has some important medicinal properties. Cashew kernel contains proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and fats which help gain energy. Cashew nuts are used for many purposes like blood sugar, weight loss, cancer, (...) cold and flu, aging, urinary disorders, digestive disorders, and bone relaxation. In comparing cashew with other nuts, Cashew kernels have good properties, including proteins, carbohydrates, fibers, and minerals, then almond, hazelnut, and walnuts. Cashew kernels contain the highest number of proteins (21%) when compared with Almonds (20.8%), Hazelnuts (15.6%), and Macadamia Nuts (60.9%). Cashew contain large amount of carbohydrate (22%) compared to other nuts like almonds, walnuts, etc. There are some strong benefits of Cashew for health. They boost the immune system, act as an antioxidant, remove gallstones, and beneficial for anemia. They are good sources of healthy fats that are necessary for our body to absorb fat-soluble vitamins. Its bark is known as the antihypertensive and glucose-lowering part. It has beneficial effect on the eyes and skin. This is rich in vitamin C, so it can be used for skin problems like acne, flawless freckles, skin lines and protects from aging. (shrink)

The book consists of articles in various fields written by graduate students. The articles were selected among many which applied to the "International Student's Work Competition". Then divided into two categories and published a two-volume "The World After the Pandemic" book series. Articles in this volume are related to "Life Sciences and Medicine", "Lifestyle and Urban Planning", "Technology" and "Education" regarding the world after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Most forms of human papillomavirus can create alterations on a woman's cervix that can lead to cervical cancer in the long run, while others can produce genital or epidermal tumors. Cervical cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women in low- and middle-income countries. The prediction of cervical cancer still remains an open challenge as there are several risk factors affecting the cervix of the women. By considering the above, the cervical cancer risk factor dataset from KAGGLE (...) data warehouse is executed for predicting the cervical cancer risk classes. The cervical cancer data set is normalised with incomplete data and Pattern Calibration. Secondly, the interpretive data analysis is carried out, and the target feature's dispersion of the cervical cancer risk is visualised. Thirdly, several classifiers are fitted to the unprocessed data set, and the performance is measured with pre and post feature scaling. Fourth, oversampling methodologies are applied to the pre - processed data set. Fifth, the oversampled dataset by differment methods are applied to all the classifiers and the performance is compared with pre and post feature scaling. Sixth, Precision, recall, Fscore, accuracy, and running time are some of the metrics used in performance analysis. The code is written in Python and executed with Anaconda Navigator on the Spyder framework. The findings of the experiments reveal that the Random forest classifier tends to sustain 96% accuracy pre and post scaling for unporocessed dataset. Similarly the same classifier tends to sustain 98% accuracy for all the oversampling techniques. (shrink)

Journal bearings play an important role on many rotating machines placed on industrial environments, especially in steam turbines of thermoelectric power plants. Babbitt damage (BD) and excessive clearance (C) are usual faults of steam turbine journal bearings. This paper is focused on achieving an effective identification of these faults through an intelligent recognition approach. The work was carried out through the processing of real data obtained from an industrial environment. In this work, a feature selection procedure was applied in order (...) to choose the features more suitable to identify the faults. This feature selection procedure was performed through the computation of typical testors, which allows working with both quantitative and qualitative features. The classification tasks were carried out by using Nearest Neighbors, Voting Algorithm, Naïve Associative Classifier and Assisted Classification for Imbalance Data techniques. Several performance measures were computed and used in order to assess the classification effectiveness. The achieved results (e.g., six performance measures were above 0.998) showed the convenience of applying pattern recognition techniques to the automatic identification of BD and C. (shrink)

In this experimental investigation the Aluminium 6063 is treated with Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) and Chicken Bone Ash (CBA). This Aluminium metal matrix composite is mixed at certain compositions and observed with the mechanical properties. Two main mechanical properties which includes Surface roughness and corrosion behavior is mainly focused in this research work. In this Research work aluminium hybrid metal matrix composite (AHMMC) is fabricated through stir casting process. Al6063 shows good mechanical properties and corrosion behavior changes, when combined with reinforcements, (...) Al2O3 and Chicken Bone Ash (CBA). Stir casting is an efficient cycle for the manufacture of aluminum hybrid composites. There are numerous boundaries in this cycle, which influence the behavior of corrosion and mechanical properties of the composites. Stir casting is a fluid state technique for the manufacture of composite materials, in which a scattered stage is blended in with a liquid network metal by methods for mechanical mixing. Stir Casting is the least difficult and the most financially savvy strategy for fluid state manufacture. Finally in this research work, when the compositions of each and every reinforcement increase, simultaneously the surface roughness of the composite also get increases. (shrink)

In a world that is awash in ubiquitous technology, even the least tech-savvy know that we must take care how that technology affects individuals and society. That governments and organizations around the world now focus on these issues, that universities and research institutes in many different languages dedicate significant resources to study the issues, and that international professional organizations have adopted standards and directed resources toward ethical issues in technology is in no small part the result of the work of (...) Simon Rogerson. -/- – Chuck Huff, Professor of Social Psychology at Saint Olaf College, Northfield, Minnesota -/- In 1995, Apple launched its first WWW server, Quick Time On-line. It was the year Microsoft released Internet Explorer and sold 7 million copies of Windows 95 in just 2 months. In March 1995, the author Simon Rogerson opened the first ETHICOMP conference with these words: -/- We live in a turbulent society where there is social, political, economic and technological turbulence … it is causing a vast amount of restructuring within all these organisations which impacts on individuals, which impacts on the way departments are set up, organisational hierarchies, job content, span of control, social interaction and so on and so forth. … Information is very much the fuel of modern technological change. Almost anything now can be represented by the technology and transported to somewhere else. It's a situation where the more information a computer can process, the more of the world it can actually turn into information. That may well be very exciting, but it is also very concerning. -/- That could be describing today. More than 25 years later, these issues are still at the forefront of how ethical digital technology can be developed and utilised. -/- This book is an anthology of the author’s work over the past 25 years of pioneering research in digital ethics. It is structured into five themes: Journey, Process, Product, Future and Education. Each theme commences with an introductory explanation of the papers, their relevance and their interrelationship. The anthology finishes with a concluding chapter which summarises the key messages and suggests what might happen in the future. Included in this chapter are insights from some younger leading academics who are part of the community charged with ensuring that ethical digital technology is realised. (shrink)

In today’s world it became difficult for daily routine check-up. The Heart disease system is an end user support and online consultation project. Here the motto behind it is to make a person to know about their heart related problem and according to it formulate them how much vital the disease is. It will be easy to access and keep track of their respective health. Thus, it’s important to predict the disease as earliest. Attributes such as Bp, Cholesterol, Diabetes are (...) fed into Classification methods of Machine Learning are been used to predict risk of heart disease. (shrink)

The main objective of our project is to construct a fully functional voice-based home automation system that uses the Internet of Things and Natural Language Processing. The home automation system is user-friendly to smartphones and laptops. A set of relays is used to connect the Node MCU to homes under controlled appliances. The user sends a command through the speech to the mobile devices, which interprets the message and sends the appropriate command to the specific appliance. The voice command given (...) by the user is interpreted by the mobile device using Natural Language Processing. The system utilizes a node microcontroller unit (Node MCU) as a Wi-Fi-based gateway to connect to the Google Assistant. It determines operation must be completed by which the appliance to fulfill the user’s request. The user increased mobile capabilities we will be using a smart phone in this project. A smartphone application as nearly all of the data transferred can be processed by cloud. The user increased mobile capabilities we will be using a smart phone in this project. The IoT -based system for home automation can easily and efficiently control appliances. The Node MCU is interfaced with the appliances and programmed in a manner that they respond to mobile inputs. (shrink)

With the current improvement of development towards pharmaceutical, distinctive ultrasound methodologies are open to find the fetal prosperity. It is analyzed with diverse clinical parameters with 2-D imaging and other test. In any case, prosperity desire of fetal heart still remains an open issue due to unconstrained works out of the hatchling, the minor heart appraise and inadequate of data in fetal echocardiography. The machine learning strategies can find out the classes of fetal heart rate which can beutilized for earlier (...) evaluating. With this background, we have utilized Cardiotocographic Fetal heart rate dataset removed from UCI Machine Learning Store for predicting the fetal heart rate health classes. The Prediction of fetal health rate are achieved in six ways. Firstly, the data set is preprocessed with Feature Scaling and missing values. Secondly, exploratory data investigation is done and the dispersion of target feature is visualized. Thirdly, the raw data set is fitted to all the classifiers and the performance is analysed before and after feature scaling. Fourth, the raw data set is subjected to undersampling methods like ClusterCentroids, RepeatedENN, AllKNN, CondensedNearestNeighbour, EditedNearestNeighbours, InstanceHardnessThreshold and NearMiss. Fifth, the undersampled dataset by above mentioned methods are fitted to all the classifiers and the performance is analyzed before and after feature scaling. Sixth, performance analysis is done using metrics like Precision, Recall, F-score, Accuracy and running time. The execution is done using python language under Spyder platform with Anaconda Navigator. Experimental results shows that the Decision Tree classifier tends to retain 98% before and after feature scaling for the underrsampling with EditedNearestNeighbours, RepeatedENN and AllKNN methods. (shrink)

Concurring to information from the Centresfor Illness Control and Anticipation, instruction and religion are both capable indicators of lasting or dissolving unions. The chance of a marriage finishing in separate was lower for individuals with more knowledge, with over half of relational unions of those who did not complete high school having finished in separate compared with roughly 30 percent of relational unions of college graduates. With this overview, the divorce rate dataset from UCI dataset repository is used for predicting (...) the divorce class target with the following contributions. Firstly, the Divorce rate dataset is subjected with the data cleaning and exploratory data analysis. Secondly, the data set is settled with different classifiers to look at the classification before and after feature scaling. Thirdly, the dataset is processed with various cross validation of training and testing dataset i.e 80:20, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50 to improve the accuracy of all the classifiers. Fourth, the dataset is processed with 15, 20 and 30 components of principal component analysis and then applied with all classifier algorithm to analyze the accuracy of divorce rate prediction. Fifth, the performance analysis is done with precision, recall, accuracy, fscore and running time to infer the classification before and after feature scaling. Experimental results show that the Random Forest classifier is found to have the accuracy of 98% for all PCA reduced dataset with 15, 20 and 30 components. The result showsthat Random Forest classifier is found to have the accuracy of 98% for 40:60, 50:50 of training and testing dataset. (shrink)

Businesses and people outsource database to realize helpful and low-cost applications and administrations. In arrange to supply adequate usefulness for SQL inquiries, numerous secure database plans have been proposed. In any case, such plans are helpless to protection leakage to cloud server. The most reason is that database is facilitated and handled in cloud server, which is past the control of information proprietors. For the numerical extend inquiry (“>”, “<”, etc.), those plans cannot give adequate protection security against viable challenges, (...) e.g., security spillage of measurable properties, get to design. Besides, expanded number of questions will definitely spill more data to the cloud server. In this paper, we propose a two-cloud engineering for secure database, with a arrangement of crossing point conventions that give security conservation to different numeric-related extend questions. Security analysis shows that privacy of numerical information is strongly protected against cloud providers in our proposed scheme. (shrink)

Smart home has become more and more popular in recent years. Due to the rapid development in the field of the Automation industry, human life is becoming more advanced and better in all aspects. In the present scenario, Automated systems are being preferred over the non-automated system. With the rapid growth in the number of consumers using the internet over the past years, the Internet has become an important part of life, and IoT is the newest and emerging internet technology. (...) Internet of things plays an important role in human life as well as in the educational field because they are able to provide information and complete the given tasks while we are busy doing some other work. In this project, a prototype and implementation of Smart Home Automation with Wi-Fi technology are demonstrated. ESP8266 is used as a Wi-Fi technology. The proposed system consists of a hardware interface and software interface. In the hardware interface, the integration of ESP8266 Wi-Fi technology for controlling home appliances, door lock and unlock and sensors is manifested, and an application is provided for controlling to multiple users of home, with smart phones, tablets, and laptops. This system is one of the best methods for controlling home devices with ease with multiple users and one of the best methods for an energy management system. The access to the whole system is given by its admin only to different users. This system is also expandable for controlling various appliances used at home and also for the security and safety purpose of the home through sensors as long as it exists on Wi-Fi network coverage. (shrink)

The study discusses the three roles of normative assumption in the theory and practice of innovation management: (1) they define the value of innovation, (2) specify its luck, and (3) determine some goals and methodologies of managing the luck of innovations. The crucial questions of the investigation are as follows: What does ‘luck’ mean in theories of innovation management?, and What is luck in the practice of innovation management? The conceptual analyses present logical links which occur between the normative premises (...) of some canonical theories of metaethics and definitions of luck. In the context of these analyses the study discusses some prerequisites for responsible decisions relating to innovations. The paper illustrates some ways of using philosophical methods in the theory of innovation management. (shrink)

This is the story of a seductive idea and its sobering consequences. The twentieth century brought a new cultural confidence in the social powers of invention – but also saw the advance of consumerism, world wars, globalisation and human-generated climate change. Techno-Fixers traces how passive optimism and active manipulations were linked to our growing trust in technological innovation. It pursues the evolving idea through engineering hubris, radical utopian movements, science fiction fanzines, policy-maker soundbites, corporate marketing, and consumer culture. It explores (...) how evangelists of technological fixes have proselytised their faith, and critically examines the examples and products of their followers. The new technological confidence mixed together beliefs that were simultaneously compelling and unsettling. As motor vehicles, electricity supplies and radio became part of modern life in the early decades of the century, it was hard to argue against the transformative effects and inevitability of such transitions. Like it or not, social consequences seemed to come inexorably with the Machine Age, the Space Age and the Information Age. This deterministic vision implied an ever more technological future with unavoidable social consequences. For many, innovative technologies promised appealing new lifestyles and powers. But for a narrower band of proponents – the first generation of technological fixers – wise engineering invention was touted as a guaranteed route to positive human benefits and societal progress. Socially-engaged engineers and designers argued that such improvements could be directed, hastened and amplified. These engineering adventurers argued that modern societies could be guided only by rational designers. They contended that adroit technological solutions could solve contemporary problems better than any traditional method, including economic initiatives, citizen education, political ideology, lifestyle changes, legal frameworks and moral guidance. Their seductive claims were tamed by more mainstream American enthusiasts, and eventually boiled down to the concept of the technological fix. Their shared confidence infused policy-makers, broadcasters and science popularisers. Trust in technological fixes shaped a new generation of managers and law-makers, engineers and educators, futurists and citizens – and continues to drive a new generation of techno-fixers today. This cultural wave, its promoters and detractors, have championed the promise and voiced concerns that we have inherited, still unresolved. This book tracks the hubristic influencers and weighs up the confidences and concerns associated with them: the dramatic potential for novel technologies to work alongside longer human traditions to meet our enduring ambitions – or to reshape society for the worse. (shrink)

Huge adoption of the InternetKripa,M. into our daily lives generates at leastNidhin Mahesh,A. few MBs of data. Social media in modern age enabled everyRamaguru,R. single user with a smartphone and Internet toAmritha,P. P. be a marketer, journalist, publisher and content creator. Ensuring protection and copyright of social media data like images, videos and audios are extremely demanding. Copyright infringement happens easily, and protecting the content for its originality and authenticity should be simplified. In this paper, we are proposing a blockchain (...) framework with smart contracts to protect social media contents using IPFS, a modern decentralized file storage system and a secret sharing scheme. This framework through its decentralized and immutability feature offers limitless opportunities for managing copyright rights of content on decentralized social media. (shrink)

This paper addresses the issues related to designing and estimating the strength of solid-alloy elements in the deforming broaches of significant diameter (exceeding 150 mm) for the developed process of discrete broaching. The tool limit condition was assessed based on two strength criteria: the specific potential energy of shape change and the maximum tangent stresses. Numerical modeling using the finite element method has made it possible to derive the distribution of equivalent stresses in the tool elements and the contact stresses (...) at the surface of the contact between a solid-alloy insert and the body, which enabled the analysis of tool strength under loading. The simulation was performed under a single normal load, which ensured the versatility of the calculation for any contact pressure values. We have derived formulae to calculate the acceptable contact pressure depending on unit load. The effect of the insert protrusion height over the body on the strength of tool elements has been established. We have derived engineering dependences that determine the required magnitude of insert protrusion over the body depending on the ultimate load. An example of calculating the strength of a prefabricated deforming element in the machining of a sleeve made from gray modified cast iron of hardness HB230 has been considered. Our calculations have shown that the deforming element designed for the new technological process corresponds to the conditions of strength, provided the ratio h1/h=0.15 is maintained (where h1 is the insert height above the body, h is the insert height). The results obtained could be used in engineering calculations when designing the prefabricated tool for discrete deformation, as well as to assess the strength of prefabricated tools, such as cutters, core drills, reamers, when refining external loads. (shrink)

Electrical and electronic devices are constantly present in human lives, as providing communication, entertainment or transportation. Ever increasing use of power electronics equipment and communication equipment in everyday life is increasing electromagnetic pollution day by day. This pollution may degrade the performance of electronic and electrical equipment. Any RF radiation emitting devices emit Electro Magnetic (EM) radiation and without proper shielding, the radiation could be harmful to humans and other biological elements. Modernization in new generation of mobile telecommunication system, with (...) enhanced bandwidth and power, the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation from these gadgets is a real concern to many It is necessary that all electronics equipment or systems must be constructed to ensure that any electromagnetic disturbance it generates must be constructed with inherent level of immunity to externally generated Electromagnetic disturbances. These needs to design the equipment known as TEM cell with symmetric open structure geometry to limit the amount of unwanted radiation, the shielding of critical parts, making equipment less immune to external interference. (shrink)

The aim of the study is to develop theoretic and methodological recommendations and practical activities for the positive social, managerial, organizational and economic development of historical and cultural tourist destinations. In theoretical terms: the role of historical and cultural tourist destination in the development of the region has been established; the historical and cultural tourist destinations have been identified; the author’s classification of historical and cultural tourist destinations has been developed basing tourist visiting activeness; the author’s methodological approach to the (...) diagnosis and creating tools for development of historical and cultural tourist destinations, comprehensively taking into account resource and factor components, has been presented. In practical terms: variations of the activities aimed at the positive development of historical and cultural tourist destinations have been proposed; the description of measures aimed at the creation of a historical and cultural complex on the example of the designed historical and cultural complex “Stara Samar” has been given. The results of the study are applicable for a wide range of historical and cultural tourist attractions: territories, landscapes and elements of landscapes, historical settlements, parks, film studios, historical and cultural heritage sites, history and culture monuments, burial sites, places of worship, sites of social cultural infrastructure. The author’s recommendations provide obtaining commercial results and ensuring a social and cultural effect for businessmen, managers, local communities in the management of existing or in the creation of new historical and cultural tourist destinations. (shrink)

Purpose. To determine the potential of deforming broaching for the improvement of efficiency of cutter chisels in the mining industry. Methodology. The study of the application of the technological process of deforming broaching was carried out based on the experimental research into conditions of assembly of press couplings corresponding to cutting rock-destroying tools, the working surface of which is reinforced with solid-alloy inserts. Findings. Based on the conducted research, a new process of assembling the crowns of cutter chisels with the (...) use of deforming broaching was developed. Originality. It was determined that the range of angles of inclination of generatrix of the working cone of the deforming element and the roll-treading lip of the insert, which are necessary for efficient machining and pressing in crowns of cutters, is 4–16°. It was proven that the “solid alloy-steel” press couplings for cutter chisels will have the maximum bearing capacity at total tension a/d0 ≤ 3 %. It was found that it is necessary to foresee the following distribution of tensions: to perform 2 % of deformation by preliminary deforming broaching, and 1 % ‒ by pressing in an insert Practical value. The use of deforming broaching makes it possible to increase the strength of fastening the inserts of cutter chisels by 2 times, to reduce specific consumption of the tool by 4.4 times, and to increase the average drilling rate by 4 times. (shrink)

The article gives a definition of the technical and economic potential of the application of the deforming broaching process. Research of the consequences of introducing deforming broaching into technological processes at manufacturing enterprises is carried out on the basis of application of system resource and matrix approach. On the basis of the performed researches, a methodological basis for the economic evaluation of the results of applying deforming broaching on the pro-duction has been developed. The article has improved the well-known scientific (...) and methodological foundations for the determination of technical and economic results of the application of deforming broaching due to the complex identifica-tion of production-organizational decisions - in technical and forms of evaluation in economic spheres. The developed approach gives an opportunity to more accu-rately assess the economic effect of introducing deforming broaching on the min-ing, metallurgical and machine building industries. It can be used to assess the economic effect of introducing other process parts processing. (shrink)