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Pacifism
Edited by Amanda Cawston (Tilburg University)
About this topic
| Summary | The term ‘pacifism’ is used to describe a range of positions and historical movements, broadly characterised by a general rejection of violence. Positions range from an absolute and principled rejection of violence (such that violence can never be justified), to contingent pacifisms that accept that violence may in principle be justified, but the necessary conditions for its justification cannot be met given existing practices. Furthermore, pacifism can be understood as a personal ethic (including conscientious objection), a critique of predominant political institutions (anti-warism), or as an alternative political theory (with connections to anarchism and feminism). While there is some recent work that attempts to characterise pacifism in terms of the Just War tradition (JWT), pacifism is generally considered an alternative tradition, broadly critical of JWT’s central premises. |
| Introductions | The Stanford Encyclopedia entry Fiala 2008 is a good introduction to the topic, as is Peter Brock’s historical survey [Brock 1998 Varieties of Pacifism]. |
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Related
Siblings
- Autonomous Weapons (47)
- Civil War (135)
- Conduct of War (191)
- Deterrence (365)
- Ethics and Justification of War (733)
- Just War Theory (1,237)
- Nature of War (98)
- Nuclear War (95)
- Purpose of War (182)
- Rights in War (41)
- War Crimes (126)
- War, Misc (158)
Contents
307 found
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| 1 — 50 / 307 |
- What is this thing called peace?Fabio Lampert - forthcoming - Studia Philosophica Estonica.This article scrutinizes discourse surrounding the Russia-Ukraine war in Western nations, where, despite widespread support for Ukraine, a contingent advocates for peace by rejecting military aid. This “pacifist” stance gains traction through public demonstrations in European countries and political endorsement. However, by opposing military aid while advocating peace, these messages, while ostensibly altruistic, distort genuine efforts for establishing peace in Ukraine. The article argues that recent developments from the philosophy of language, combined with the realities of Russia’s invasion and main (...)
- Den Umbruch denken: Die Politik der Philosophie nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg.Albert Dikovich - 2024 - Frankfurt am Main / New York: Campus.Auf den Ersten Weltkrieg folgte in Mitteleuropa ein grundlegender politischer Umbruch. Albert Dikovich arbeitet die Folgen dieser demokratischen Zeitenwende für die deutschsprachige Philosophie umfassend auf. Dabei untersucht er zum einen, wie nach dem katastrophalen Gewaltereignis des Krieges und angesichts der akuten Eskalation im Inneren die Grenzen der moralisch legitimen Mittel politischer Konfliktaustragung neu gezogen wurden. Zum anderen beleuchtet er den Zusammenhang zwischen rechts- und erkenntnistheoretischen Annahmen und Positionierungen innerhalb eines Spannungsfeldes konkurrierender politischer Neuordnungsentwürfe. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die damals geführten (...)
- Educational Pacifism and Montessori.Nicholas Parkin - 2024 - Journal of Montessori Research 10 (1):25-37.Education – typically and rightly held to be an incontrovertible good – has for some time now been dominated by mass formal schooling systems. These systems routinely harm and oppress many students. I argue that they do so impermissibly, and I call this stance “educational pacifism”. I propose that Maria Montessori’s views on mass formal schooling systems broadly align with educational pacifism and that, therefore, she can be considered an educational pacifist. Finally, I claim that contemporary Montessorians ought to be (...)
- Pacifism.Cheyney Ryan - 2024 - In Mark Timmons & Joshua Glasgow (eds.), Disputed Moral Issues. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 644-655.Cheyney Ryan characterizes anti-war pacifism as a position that is fundamentally opposed to war. He distinguishes two types of pacifism: political and personal. As Ryan points out, these types overlap in their opposition to war, yet differ in their logic - in their reasons for being opposed to war. Political pacifism opposes war as a matter of policy (war as a social practice), while personal pacifism opposes killing as an act and thereby opposes war as instances of killing. After explaining (...)Remove from this listExport citation
Bookmark - Bertrand Russell: the colours of pacifism.Claudio Giulio Anta - 2023 - New York: Peter Lang.Bertrand Russell: The Colours of Pacifism analyzes the tenacious commitment of one of the twentieth century's most extraordinary intellectuals to the cause of civilization, progress, and human rights. Through his active and pragmatic pacifism, Russell sought to confront the problems stemming from the unstable and dramatic political conditions of his age: the beginning of the Great War, the establishment of the League of Nations, the rise of totalitarian regimes, the outbreak of the Second World War, the dawn of the Atomic (...)
- Talking to Children About War.Lee-Ann Chae - 2023 - Journal of Pacifism and Nonviolence 1:52-64.How should we talk to children about war? The basic story we tell them is that the world is split into good guys and bad guys, and that sometimes we have to kill the bad guys for the sake of justice. These stories of heroic killing teach children to train their attention on violence, and to interpret that violence as just or good. I show how this basic story – which also motivates much of our philosophical thinking about the morality (...)
- The Influence of Personalism on Harkness and King, Their Pacifism, and Their Persistence.Natalya A. Cherry - 2023 - American Journal of Theology and Philosophy 44 (2):57-70.In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:The Influence of Personalism on Harkness and King, Their Pacifism, and Their PersistenceNatalya A. Cherry (bio)I. IntroductionAs it is the hallmark of liberal theologies to take their critics seriously and learn from the criticisms offered, it is important to acknowledge a valid potential criticism of this article at its outset. Rufus Burrow, in God and Human Dignity: The Personalism, Theology, and Ethics of Martin Luther King, Jr., observed that (...)
- Can War Be Justified? A Debate.Andrew Fiala & Jennifer Kling - 2023 - New York: Routledge.Can war be justified? Pacifists answer that it cannot; they oppose war and advocate for nonviolent alternatives to war. But defenders of just war theory argue that in some circumstances, when the effectiveness of nonviolence is limited, wars can be justified. -/- In this book, two philosophers debate this question, drawing on contemporary scholarship and new developments in thinking about pacifism and just war theory. Andrew Fiala defends the pacifist position, while Jennifer Kling defends just war traditions. Fiala argues that (...)
- Moral Excuse to the Pacifist's Rescue.Blake Hereth - 2023 - Journal of Pacifism and Nonviolence:1-32.Pacifism is the view that necessarily, the nonconsensual harming of pro tanto rights-bearers is all-things-considered morally impermissible. Critics of pacifism frequently point to common moral intuitions about self-defenders and other-defenders as evidence that pacifism is false and that self- and other-defense are often morally justified. I call this the Justification View and defend its rival, the Excuse View. According to the latter, a robust view of moral excuse adequately explains the common moral intuitions invoked against pacifism and is compatible with (...)
- Ontologies of violence: deconstruction, pacifism, and displacement.Maxwell Kennel - 2023 - Boston: Brill.Ontologies of Violence provides a new paradigm for understanding the concept of violence through comparative interpretations of French philosopher Jacques Derrida, philosophical theologians in the Mennonite pacifist tradition, and Grace M. Jantzen's feminist philosophy of religion. By drawing out and challenging the remarkably similar priorities shared by its three sources, and by challenging the assumption that differences necessarily lead to displacement, Ontologies of Violence provides a critical theory of violence by treating it as a diagnostic concept that implies the violation (...)
- Stan Amaladas, Sean Byrne (eds.): Peace Leadership: The Quest for Connectedness. [REVIEW]Francisco Miguel Ortiz-Delgado - 2023 - Filozofia 78 (8):694-697.
- Pacifism and Educational Violence.Nicholas Parkin - 2023 - Journal of Peace Education 20 (1):75-94.Education systems are full of harmful violence of types often unrecognised or misunderstood by educators, education leaders, and bureaucrats. Educational violence harms a great number of innocent persons (those who, morally speaking, may not be justifiably harmed). Accordingly, this paper rejects educational violence used to achieve educational ends. It holds that educational violence is unjustified if the condition that innocent persons are harmed is satisfied, that this condition is satisfied in current educational practice (compulsory schooling), and that, therefore, the current (...)
- The Pacifism of Bertrand Russell during the Great War.Claudio Giulio Anta - 2022 - History of European Ideas 48 (4):438-453.ABSTRACT Through a brief analysis of the reflections of some prestigious contemporary philosophers such as Norberto Bobbio, Mulford Quickert Sibley, Wilhelm Emil Mühlmann, Michael Allen Fox, David Cortright, Larry May, John Rawls, Eric Reitan, Johan Galtung and David Boersema, this essay reconstructs Russell's pacifist commitment during the First World War. This dramatic event represented a real watershed for his multifaceted and ingenious personality, leading to his new political and civil commitment. Through a series of articles and lectures, he fought against (...)
- Utilitarian Contingent Pacifism and Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution.Benedict S. B. Chan - 2022 - Philosophia 51 (2):635-657.For the role of utilitarianism in the ethics of war and peace, Shaw suggests there is a Utilitarian War Principle (UWP) and argues that the principles of the just war theory should be treated as intermediate principles that are subordinated to UWP. He also argues that the state should be the primary legitimate authority to wage war and holder of the right of national defense. I argue that the utilitarian approach should be specifically linked with contingent pacifism, a new understanding (...)
- Defense with dignity: how the dignity of violent resistance informs the Gun Rights Debate.Dan Demetriou - 2022 - Philosophical Studies 179 (12):3653-3670.Perhaps the biggest disconnect between philosophers and non-philosophers on the question of gun rights is over the relevance of arms to our dignitary interests. This essay attempts to address this gap by arguing that we have a strong prima facie moral right to resist with dignity and that violence is sometimes our most or only dignified method of resistance. Thus, we have a strong prima facie right to guns when they are necessary often enough for effective dignified resistance. This approach (...)
- Pathische Gründung. Arnold Metzger und die deutsche Umkehr aus dem Geiste des Schmerzes.Albert Dikovich - 2022 - Revue d'Allemagne Et des Pays de Langue Allemande 54 (1):25-36.For the young philosopher and short-time revolutionary functionary Arnold Metzger, the First World War was of key importance for his idea of a moral conversion which he regarded as the most urgent task of the German Revolution of 1918. According to him, the youth returning from the trenches was united by the collective experience of pain: pain caused by the traumatizing violence of the war and the collapse of old beliefs. Yet for Metzger, this pain also implied a positive element: (...)
- Warten auf das Menschsein. Revolutionäre Ethik und die Sorge um das Humane in Mitteleuropa nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg.Albert Dikovich - 2022 - In Wolfgang Müller-Funk & Andrea Seidler (eds.), Wien 1918 – ein kulturelles Laboratorium der Moderne. Praesens Verlag. pp. 154-191.Der vorliegende Forschungsband möchte der kulturelle Bedeutung der Ersten Republik und deren Leistungen einen gebührenden Platz einräumen. Während sich nämlich Wiener Moderne und Weimarer Republik heute einer fortdauernden Aufmerksamkeit erfreuen, sind die Kultur der Ersten Republik und hier vorab des soziokulturellen Laboratoriums Wien – vermutlich schon in der Wahrnehmung vieler Zeitgenossinnen und Zeitgenossen unterbelichtet geblieben. Versammelt sind Beiträge zur Volksbildung im Roten Wien, zu Architektur und Stadtplanung, zu neuen Diskursen in der Psychoanalyse oder zur Neuorientierung Musils nach 1918, die später (...)
- Patsfizim ṿe-hitnagdut: be-ʻiḳvot Frants Fanon, Marṭin Luter Ḳing u-Malḳolm X = Pacifism and resistance: following Frantz Fanon, Martin Luther King and Malcolm X.Sefi Kuperman - 2022 - Tel Aviv: Resling.Remove from this listExport citation Bookmark
- ‘This Is Our Testimony to the Whole World’: Quaker Peace Work and Religious Experience.Matt Rosen - 2022 - Religions 13 (7):623.Quakers express their faith by refraining from war, often actively opposing it. In modern Quakerism, this is known as the ‘Peace Testimony’. This commonly has a negative and positive construal: it is seen as a testimony against war, and as a testimony to the possibility and goodness of peaceful lives. This paper offers an account of how these aspects of the Peace Testimony are unified in and grounded on a corporate experience of being led by God into a way of (...)
- El Pacifismo de Soran Reader Reconsiderado (Soran Reader's Pacifism Reconsidered).Paula Satne - 2022 - Revista d'Humanitats 6 (2022):114-131.In this article I will offer a reconsideration of Soran Reader’s moral pacifism. I will begin by reconstructing the three main arguments presented by Reader in her article ‘Making Pacifism Plausible’ in the second part of this essay. In the third section, I discuss and evaluate Reader’s arguments and conclude that her moral pacifism is indeed plausible. In the fourth section, I introduce the notion of political pacifism. Moral pacifism is the philosophical thesis that war cannot be morally justified. Political (...)
- The Doctor as Philosopher: The Collectivist-Realist Pacifism of the Doctor and the Quest for Social Justice.Paula Smithka - 2022 - In David Kyle Johnson (ed.), The Palgrave Handbook of Popular Culture as Philosophy. Palgrave-Macmillan. pp. 311-340.Doctor Who is the longest-running science fiction series in history. Its protagonist, the Doctor, is a time-traveling alien in a ship called the TARDIS (time and relative dimension(s) in space). The Doctor protects the planet Earth and its human inhabitants from alien threats but also responds to the needs of other beings elsewhere in the universe. Frequently these altercations with alien threats require force, sometimes even lethal force; yet the Doctor is a pacifist. This chapter explores in what sense the (...)$849.99 new (collection) View on Amazon.comRemove from this list Direct downloadExport citation Bookmark
- Vengeance in Reverse: The Tangled Loops of Violence, Myth, and Madness. By Mark R.Anspach. Pp. xii, 121, East Lansing, Michigan State University Press, 2017, $23.90. [REVIEW]Patrick Madigan - 2020 - Heythrop Journal 61 (1):201-202.
- The Politics of Military Force: Antimilitarism, Ideational Change, and Post-Cold War German Security Discourse.Frank Stengel - 2020 - Ann Arbor, MI, USA: University of Michigan Press.The Politics of Military Force uses discourse theory to examine the dynamics of discursive change that made participation in military operations possible against the background of German antimilitarist culture. Once considered a strict taboo, so-called out-of-area operations have now become widely considered by German policymakers to be without alternative. The book argues that an understanding of how certain policies are made possible (in this case, military operations abroad and force transformation), one needs to focus on processes of discursive change that (...)
- Blessed Are the Peacemakers: Pacifism, Just War, and Peacebuilding. [REVIEW]Brian Stiltner - 2020 - Journal of Catholic Social Thought 17 (1):171-173.
- Blessed Are the Peacemakers: Pacifism, Just War, and Peacebuilding. By Lisa Sowle Cahill. Pp. xiv, 380. Minneapolis, MN, Fortress, 2019, $23.09. [REVIEW]Zenon Szablowinski - 2020 - Heythrop Journal 61 (2):373-374.
- Pacifism as Re-appropriated Violence.Amanda Cawston - 2019 - In Jorg Kustermans, Tom Sauer, Dominiek Lootens & Barbara Segaert (eds.), Pacifism's Appeal: Ethos, History, Politics. Palgrave. pp. 41-60.In this chapter, I introduce a novel conception of pacifism. This conception arises out of considering two key insights drawn from Cheyney Ryan’s work, specifically his characterization of the ‘pacifist impulse’ as a felt rejection of killing and his analysis of contemporary Western attitudes to war and methods of fighting, as reflecting a condition of alienated war. I expand on these claims and argue that considering them together reveals an important problem for pacifism. Specifically, the alienated condition of contemporary violence (...)$89.00 new (collection) View on Amazon.comRemove from this list Direct downloadExport citation Bookmark
- Acting Out the Kingdom of God. [REVIEW]Charles K. Fink - 2019 - The Acorn 19 (1):48-53.Review of Tolstoy and Spirituality (Academic Studies Press, 2018), edited by Pedrag Cicovacki and Heidi Nada Grek, with articles by Miran Bozovic, Predrag Cicovacki, Abdusalam A. Guseynov, Robert Holmes, Božidar Kante, Rosamund Bartlett, Diana Dukhanova, Liza Knapp, Inessa Medzhibovskaya, Donna Tussing Orwin, Mikhail Shishkin, and Alexandra Smith.
- Nonviolence and Tolstoy’s Hard Question.Charles K. Fink - 2019 - The Acorn 17 (2):101-117.Pacifists are often put on the defensive with cases—real or imagined—in which innocent people are threatened by violent criminals. Is it always wrong to respond to violence with violence, even in defense of the innocent? This is the “hard” question addressed in this article. I argue that it is at least permissible to maintain one’s commitment to nonviolence in such cases. This may not seem like a bold conclusion, yet pacifists are often ridiculed—sometimes as cowards, sometimes as selfish moral purists—for (...)
- Pacifism, Politics, and Feminism: Intersections and Innovations.Jennifer Kling (ed.) - 2019 - The Netherlands: Brill | Rodopi.This anthology explores the many and varied connections between pacifism, politics, and feminism. Each topic is often thought about in academic isolation; however, when we consider how they intersect and interact, it opens up new areas for discussion and analysis.
- Pacifism and Targeted Killing as Force Short of War.Nicholas Parkin - 2019 - In Jai Galliott (ed.), Force Short of War in Modern Conflict.Anti-war pacifism eschews modern war as a means of attaining peace. It holds war to be not only evil and supremely harmful, but also, on balance, morally wrong. But what about force short of war? The aim of this paper is to analyse targeted killing, a specific form of force short of war, from an anti-war pacifist perspective, or, more specifically, from two related but distinct pacifist perspectives: conditional and contingent. Conditional pacifism deems war to be unjustified if the condition (...)$32.19 new (collection) View on Amazon.comRemove from this list Direct downloadExport citation Bookmark 1 citation
- The Political Production of Ethical War: Rethinking the Ethics/Politics Nexus with Laclau.Frank A. Stengel - 2019 - Critical Studies on Security 7 (3):230-242.Taking Maja Zehfuss’s War & the Politics of Ethics as a starting point, this paper thinks through the ethics/politics nexus from the perspective of ‘Essex School’ poststructuralist discourse theory. Specifically, it asks how ethics – or, rather, morality, the temporary, contingent and context-dependent normative framework that regulates what is commonly seen as good or bad within a given society – is produced. From a discourse theoretical perspective, notions of the moral good are the result of political struggles over meaning. Here (...)
- Catholicity Without Leviathan: Stanley Hauerwas's Perspective on the Church as an Alternative Political Community.Ionut Untea - 2019 - The Politics and Religion Journal 12 (1):1-31.The article brings into focus a series of political arguments of Stanley Hauerwas's “theological politics” and argues that these arguments are in stark contrast with the theoretical perspective of a political rule by a god-like Leviathan, an image inherited in modern and contemporary political culture from the early modern English philosopher Thomas Hobbes. The first section focuses on Hauerwas's arguments regarding the political potential of the term “Catholicity” to represent an alternative to the coercive politics reinforced by the post-Enlightenment nation (...)
- Remembering Mulford Q. Sibley.Duane L. Cady - 2018 - The Acorn 18 (1):77-79.Sibley was a prolific writer and speaker on pacifism, civil disobedience, and utopianism. His many publications include articles and books on these topics. My favorite is his highly respected The Quiet Battle: Writings on the Theory and Practice of Nonviolent Resistance, an anthology of major-–as well as less well-known—sources on pacifism and nonviolence, meticulously edited, with rich and insightful introductions and concluding reflections by Sibley. There are many tales to be told of Sibley’s adventures as a pacifist in the academy (...)
- Pacific Resistance: A Moral Alternative to Defensive War.Lee-Ann Chae - 2018 - Social Theory & Practice 44 (1):1-20.It is widely believed that some wars are just, and that the paradigm case of a just war is a defensive war. A familiar strategy used to justify defensive war is to infer its permissibility from the case of self-defensive killing. I show, however, that the permission to defend oneself does not justify killing, but instead calls for nonviolent resistance. I conclude that on the account of self-defense I develop, the appropriate way to respond to a war of aggression is (...)
- The Pacifist Tradition and Pacifism as Transformative and Critical Theory.Andrew Fiala - 2018 - The Acorn 18 (1):5-28.Pacifism is often painted into a corner as an absolute rejection of all violence and war. Such a dogmatic and negative formulation of pacifism does leave us with pacifism as a morally problematic position. But pacifism is not best understood as a negative claim. Nor is pacifism best understood as a singular or monistic concept. Rather, there is a “pacifist tradition” that is grounded in an affirmative claim about the importance of nonviolence, love, community building, and peaceful conflict resolution. This (...)
- The Routledge Handbook of Pacifism and Nonviolence.Andrew Fiala (ed.) - 2018 - Routledge.Interest in pacifism—an idea with a long history in philosophical thought and in several religious traditions—is growing. The Routledge Handbook of Pacifism and Nonviolence is the first comprehensive reference designed to introduce newcomers and researchers to the many varieties of pacifism and nonviolence, to their history and philosophy, and to pacifism’s most serious critiques. The volume offers 32 brand new chapters from the world’s leading experts across a diverse range of fields, who together provide a broad discussion of pacifism and (...)
- Humanitarian Intervention and the Problem of Genocide and Atrocity.Jennifer Kling - 2018 - In Andrew Fiala (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Pacifism and Nonviolence. Routledge. pp. 327-346.We tend to think that mass atrocities and attempted genocides call for humanitarian intervention by other states. (Nonviolent intervention if possible, military intervention if need be.) In this chapter, I discuss these two related claims in turn. What, if anything, justifies humanitarian intervention in certain states by other states? Ought such interventions, if justified, be pacifist in nature, or is it legitimate in some cases to intervene violently? To discuss these questions, I draw primarily on principles and arguments found in (...)
- Myth and Reality: Pacifism’s Discourse on Violence Revisited.Friedrich Lohmann - 2018 - Studies in Christian Ethics 31 (2):186-200.Pacifism is an active form of resistance, and therefore not to be criticised as a passive withdrawal from the world. The defining characteristic of pacifism, in both the institutional and the witness approach, is its categorical commitment to nonviolence. Therefore, pacifism’s discourse on violence deserves special attention. This article identifies incoherencies and developments in pacifism’s discourse on violence, which are due to the almost unbearable burden of thinking and acting categorically in a nonviolent manner. It furthermore identifies two presuppositions in (...)
- Pacifism and Nonviolence as Philosophical Mandate.Greg Moses - 2018 - The Acorn 18 (1):1-4.Long about 2014 or 2015 Andrew Fiala was negotiating the title of a handbook project. Meanwhile, in March of 2016, editors of The Acorn were deliberating a revised subtitle for the journal. Both projects landed on the same key terms: pacifism and nonviolence. A zeitgeist was afoot. In this volume, we present Fiala’s framing of philosophical pacifism. Exemplary virtues still by and large belong to the warrior (nor are we here to dismiss the warrior’s honor as such.) Yet, as Steven (...)
- Book Review: Leo Strauss: Man of Peace, by Robert Howse. [REVIEW]Seyla Benhabib - 2017 - Political Theory 45 (2):273-277.
- Anarchism and pacifism / Andrew Fiala Anarchism and moral philosophy.Benjamin Franks - 2017 - In Nathan J. Jun (ed.), Brill's Companion to Anarchism and Philosophy. Leiden: Brill.
- Gewalt – Versuch einer Begriffsklärung.Daniel Meßelken - 2017 - In Sarah Jäger & Ines-Jacqueline Werkner (eds.), Gewalt in der Bibel Und in Kirchlichen Traditionen: Fragen Zur Gewalt • Band 1. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. pp. 13-34.Das Spektrum dessen, was als Gewalt bezeichnet wird, ist groß. Es reicht von paradigmatischen Fällen wie kriegerischen Konflikten und Terrorismus über Mord durch Erschlagen und Körperverletzungen bis hin zu umstritteneren Beispielen wie struktureller, sozialer, psychologischer oder verbaler Gewalt. Gewalt muss daher als eine anthropologische Konstante bezeichnet werden: Die Fähigkeit, andere zu verletzen, und die Eigenschaft, von anderen verletzt zu werden, sind Teile der menschlichen Natur. Gewalt ist auch als „Universalsprache“ bezeichnet worden.
- (3 other versions)Editor's Introduction.Greg Moses - 2017 - The Acorn 17 (1):1-3.Epicurus, Marcus Aurelius, Mahatma Gandhi, Alain Locke, Howard Thurman, and Dr. Huey Newton comprise central figures of concern in three feature articles of this issue. The fourth feature takes us on a climate march through Washington, D.C. where the central figure of concern is a broken global relationship. In addition, we offer book reviews that take up applications of nonviolence to counter-terrorism, of ethics to immigration, of pacifism to war, and cosmopolitanism to peacebuilding.
- Burdens of Warism.Rick Werner - 2017 - The Acorn 17 (1):82-87.Robert Holmes’ Pacifism is the most complete, most detailed in argument, and most compelling book on pacifism I have read. It is not an easy book, for “all things excellent are as difficult as they are rare.” It deserves a careful read, many reads, by anyone who cares about war and the war system we are. It is a fitting testimony to Holmes’ excellence as a philosopher in the truest sense of that word--so uncommon in the halls of the academy, (...)
- How We Fight: Ethics in War. [REVIEW]Amanda Cawston - 2016 - Philosophical Quarterly 66 (264):638-641.
- Transformative Pacifism in Theory and Practice: Gandhi, Buber, and the Dream of a Great and Lasting Peace.Andrew Fiala - 2016 - Dialogue and Universalism 26 (4):133-148.Pacifists imagine a “great peace,” to borrow a phrase from Martin Buber. This great peace will uphold justice and respect for humanity. It will not efface difference or negate liberty and identity. The great peace will be a space in which genuine dialogue can flourish—in which we can encounter one another as persons, listen to one another, embrace our common humanity, and acknowledge our differences. The great peace is much more than the absence of war. It is holistic, organic, dialogical, (...)
- (1 other version)Anarchist ambivalence: Politics and violence in the thought of Bakunin, Tolstoy and Kropotkin.Elizabeth Frazer & Kimberly Hutchings - 2016 - European Journal of Political Theory 18 (2):147488511663408.There appear to be striking contradictions between different strands of anarchist thought with respect to violence – anarchism can justify it, or condemn it, can be associated with both violent action and pacifism. The anarchist thinkers studied here saw themselves as facing up to the realities of violence in politics – the violence of state power, and the destructiveness of instrumental uses of physical power as a revolutionary political weapon. Bakunin, Tolstoy and Kropotkin all express ambivalence about violence in relation (...)
- Pacifism: A Philosophy of Nonviolence.Robert L. Holmes - 2016 - New York: Bloomsbury.In a world riven with conflict, violence and war, this book proposes a philosophical defense of pacifism. It argues that there is a moral presumption against war and unless that presumption is defeated, war is unjustified. Leading philosopher of non-violence Robert Holmes contends that neither just war theory nor the rationales for recent wars defeat that presumption, hence that war in the modern world is morally unjustified. A detailed, comprehensive and elegantly argued text which guides both students and scholars through (...)
- A Machiavellian Approach to Pacifism. [REVIEW]Court Lewis - 2016 - The Acorn 16 (1-2):59-61.Sara Trovato’s Mainstreaming Pacifism: Conflict, Success, and Ethics provides a thorough and engaging argument for why pacifism is an effectual means for creating social-political justice and peace. Standing up to claims that pacifists are politically passive and accepting of injustice, Trovato shows that the peace of pacifism is compatible with the fight for justice. By showing that pacifists can consistently retain their ideals while fighting for justice, Trovato offers an alternative to effective means of violence. In her words, “violence can (...)
- Uzasadnienie sprzeciwu sumienia: lekarze, poborowi i żołnierze.Tomasz Żuradzki - 2016 - Diametros 47:98-128.I will argue that physicians have an ethical obligation to justify their conscientious objection and the most reliable interpretation of the Polish legal framework claims that conscientious objection is permissible only when the justification shows the genuineness of the judgment of conscience that is not based on false beliefs and arises from a moral norm that has a high rank. I will demonstrate that the dogma accepted in the Polish doctrine that the reasons that lie behind conscientious objection in medicine (...)
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