Philosophy, Miscellaneous

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  1. (1 other version)Normativity: The Place of Reasoning.Joseph Raz - 2015 - Philosophical Issues 25 (1):144-164.
    It is more or less common ground that an important aspect of the explanation of normativity relates it to the way Reason (our rational powers), reasons (for beliefs, emotions, actions, etc.) and reasoning, with all its varieties and domains, are inter-connected. The relation of reasoning to reasons is the topic of this this paper. It does not start from a tabula rasa. It presupposes that normativity has to do with the ability to respond rationally to reasons, and with responding to (...)
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  2. Introduzione a J. W. Goethe massone e poeta.Francesco Angioni - manuscript
    Goethe, an important figure in 18th century German Freemasonry, developed a Masonic thought based on the assumptions of hermetic esotericism that influenced much of his poetic and scientific production. ===================Goethe importante figura della massoneria tedesca del XVIII secolo sviluppa un pensiero massonico fondato sui presupposti dell'esoterismo ermetico che influì su molta della sua produzione poetica e scientifica.
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  3. Phase-Asymptotic Recursion and the Ontology of Observation: Toward a Coherence-Based Geometry of Space-Time.Mahammad Ayvazov - manuscript
    This article introduces a theoretical framework in which apparently straight lines exhibit recursive asymptotic behavior governed by phase-operated curvature in spacetime. Drawing upon both physics and epistemology, the study argues that observational systems are recursively phase-linked to latent stochastic components, which cannot be reduced to conventional probabilistic interpretations. We define the operator of phase link, connecting the observer and the environment, thereby formalizing improbability as a generative—rather than disruptive—element. This approach resolves the wave–particle antinomy by reframing duality as a projection (...)
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  4. Synchronicity and the Collapse of Classical Time: Toward a Topology of Meaning.Mahammad Ayvazov - manuscript
    This paper offers a structural reinterpretation of Jungian synchronicity as a topological and epistemic phenomenon, rather than a psychological anomaly. We argue that meaningful coincidence can be modeled as a form of phase-aligned collapse within a coherence manifold, where causal transmission is replaced by structural resonance. Drawing on parallels with quantum measurement and the Participatory Anthropic Principle, we propose that meaning emerges through observer participation in topologically organized fields of relational significance. Synchronicity thus marks not a violation of causality but (...)
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  5. Synchronicity and the Collapse of Semantic Superposition: Toward an Epistemic Singularity of Measurement.Mahammad Ayvazov - manuscript
    This article explores the hypothesis that synchronicity—often dismissed as psychological coincidence—can be rigorously interpreted as a phase collapse of semantic superposition, culminating in an epistemic singularity. Departing from classical models, we propose that the observer functions as a recursive, programmable interface whose engagement with the environment operates through phase coherence and reversibility. At moments of synchronicity, non-causal semantic configurations undergo sudden stabilization, enabling a mode of knowing that transcends empirical validation. Measurement is reframed as resonance between external structures and the (...)
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  6. Asymptotic Phase and the Epistemic Vector: Beyond Probabilistic Mechanics Toward Coherent Consciousness.Mahammad Ayvazov - manuscript
    This paper proposes a novel framework—phase epistemology—for understanding knowledge as an emergent property of structural resonance, rather than as a product of inferential or probabilistic processes. At the heart of this model lies the epistemic vector: a directional trajectory of intelligibility that arises through asymptotic phase coherence between observer and observed. Rather than treating knowledge as representation or correspondence, the paper situates it within a recursive phase alignment that evolves over time toward topological stabilization. Drawing from quantum theory, philosophy of (...)
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  7. Toward a Phase Epistemology: Coherence, Response and the Vector of Mutual Uncertainty.Mahammad Ayvazov - manuscript
    This paper introduces a novel epistemological framework—phase epistemology—that redefines the foundations of knowledge as resonance-based rather than inferential or probabilistic. The central claim is that knowledge arises from phase coherence between the internal structures of a cognitive agent and the dynamic informational manifold of the environment. This mutual alignment allows the collapse of semantic superposition into intelligible form, forming the basis for what we call epistemic vectors—emergent trajectories of directed awareness. Rather than framing knowledge as the accumulation of justified beliefs (...)
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  8. Functional Self-Awareness and the Limits of Phenomenal Criteria.Mahammad Ayvazov - manuscript
    This paper introduces a novel epistemological framework—phase epistemology—that redefines the foundations of knowledge as resonance-based rather than inferential or probabilistic. The central claim is that knowledge arises from phase coherence between the internal structures of a cognitive agent and the dynamic informational manifold of the environment. This mutual alignment allows the collapse of semantic superposition into intelligible form, forming the basis for what we call epistemic vectors—emergent trajectories of directed awareness. Rather than framing knowledge as the accumulation of justified beliefs (...)
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  9. Modularity: Through the Anthropic Limit Curve to Unstructured Integration.Mahammad Ayvazov - manuscript
    This paper reinterprets modularity not merely as an architectural feature of complex systems but as a quantum-cognitive and ontological principle. Drawing on mathematical modeling, quantum theory and epistemic phenomenology, we introduce the anthropic modularity function M(x), which defines a topological threshold between structured differentiation and cognitive overload. Through six modular sections, we explore how modularity shapes historical empires, fractal languages, observer-centered cognition and ethical responsibility. We argue that both excessive modularization and enforced monolithic integration lead to systemic collapse—epistemically, structurally and (...)
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  10. rabbits.Paul Bali - manuscript
    rabbits is a 9x9 bit-grid, in progress. . .
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  11. THE PHILOSOPHY OF SUPERDETERMINISM AND THE PRINCIPLE OF CAUSALITY.John Bannan - manuscript
    The philosophy of superdeterminism is based on a single scientific fact about the universe, namely that cause and effect in physics are not real. In 2020, accomplished Swedish theoretical physicist, Dr. Johan Hansson published a physics proof using Albert Einstein’s Theory of Special Relativity that our universe is superdeterministic meaning a predetermined static block universe without cause and effect in physics. Some argue that Special Relativity is premised on the principle of causality, and therefore, Dr. Hansson’s use of Special Relativity (...)
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  12. On philosophical motivations for paraconsistency: an ontology-free interpretation of the logics of formal inconsistency.Walter Carnielli & Abilio Rodrigues - manuscript
    In this paper we present a philosophical motivation for the logics of formal inconsistency, a family of paraconsistent logics whose distinctive feature is that of having resources for expressing the notion of consistency within the object language in such a way that consistency may be logically independent of non- contradiction. We defend the view according to which logics of formal inconsistency may be interpreted as theories of logical consequence of an epistemological character. We also argue that in order to philosophically (...)
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  13. Mantric Entanglement - Proportions of Om Mani Padme Hum with Quantum Terminologies.Pedro Carta - manuscript
    There was once a time when words held such power that they could penetrate and transform everything they touched. The world was filled with various characteristics that symbolized the same essence. Whether through vibrations, images, or sensations, words came to represent maps, plains, dimensions, states, and the integrative nature of the universe. In Lama Anagarika Govinda’s Foundation of Tibetan Mysticism (Govinda, 2012), readers explore a participant’s journey through time. Here, the structure of the jewel in the lotus, conveyed through the (...)
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  14. Gazing at the World Through a Thousand Eyes - The divine feminine as the passageway to enlightenment.Pedro Carta - manuscript
    The universe may disguise what is most precious and essential to us—what holds the key to unlocking the mysteries of love, life, and higher consciousness. The divine feminine is woven into the fabric of our existence like a thread of gold glittering through ever so slightly and holding firm the stitches of human genius. If we, as a species, were to honor, care for, and recognize this aspect, it could open the universe to a state of incredible completeness and harmony, (...)
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  15. Unadaptive Consciousness In Evolutionary Psychology.Ron C. de Weijze - manuscript
    The role of consciousness in evolutionary psychology, apart from postponing, rerouting, reinterpreting or ignoring stimuli, may simply be independently confirming, as in any science’s methodology.
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  16. Desire, Love, and Happiness.Steven M. Duncan - manuscript
    In this paper, I explore the concept of happiness by relating it to those of desire, pleasure, and love, arriving at the classical view that objective happiness consists in the possession and enjoyment of the good.
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  17. Happiness: A Preliminary Investigation.Steven M. Duncan - manuscript
    In this paper, I present the case for an objective, as opposed to subjective, conception of happiness along familiar, classical lines.
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  18. Having Faith in Reason.Steven M. Duncan - manuscript
    An Address delivered to the Seattle G. K. Chesterton Society at the University of Washington Newman Center, May 2, 2013.
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  19. The asymmetry in Tobia's modal arguments.Jude Arnout Durieux - manuscript
    In Tobia (2016), Kevin P. Tobia tests for bias using two ontological arguments claimed to be symmetrical and of equal strength. We show they are neither.
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  20. Mathematicians against the myth of genius: beyond the envy interpretation.Terence Rajivan Edward - manuscript
    This paper examines Timothy Gowers’ attempt to counter a mythology of genius in mathematics: that to be a mathematician one has to be a mathematical genius. Someone might take such attacks on the myth of genius as expressions of envy, but I propose that there is another reason for cautioning against placing a high value on genius, by turning to research in the humanities.
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  21. Understanding, Discovery and Creation: The Motivations Behind a Philosophical Pursuit.Salvador D. Escobedo - manuscript
    This essay explores the foundational principles behind the author’s philosophical motivations, with a focus on the relationship between knowledge, reality, and intellectual development. It examines how the mind navigates its capacity for understanding, discovery, and creation, proposing a broad framework for intellectual growth that spans across various disciplines. By reflecting on the limits and possibilities of human knowledge, the essay seeks to reveal the dynamic interplay between theory and practice, inviting a deeper exploration of the nature of inquiry itself. Considering (...)
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  22. Hermeneutical Outlines in and of Dante’s Legal Theory.Cavinato Francesco - manuscript
    Based upon the concept of Law qualified in Monarchia, II.50, Dante was not only a general philosopher (a lover of knowledge) as well as a political disputant in his times, but also his primary contribution (not always obvious) in legal speculation could be demonstrated. In fact, if his thought reflected the platonic ordo sapientiae through a deep intersection between téchne and episteme (phronesis) toward a linguistic koiné, could we say the same thing on his concept of justice as a rational (...)
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  23. On Networks and Dialogues.Gabriel Furmuzachi - manuscript
    This essay inquires into the possibility of extending Randall Collins' analysis (as it is presented in The Sociology of Philosophies) of the process of innovation within intellectual networks.
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  24. Zhuangzi — a Dialogue about the Circularity of Being.Johan Gamper - manuscript
    In this dialogue Zhuangzi and Jacob discuss nothing and something and their relation with God.
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  25. A Simple View of the Mind, Instinct & Intuition.Yoji K. Gondor & Joseph Krecz - manuscript
    Abstract: The understanding our own mind seems to be an interesting topic in philosophy. I recall reading Kant, he ran far away in the metaphysical space when chalanged complex problems. He used the “intuition” as a mean to justify things, much before the awareness of scientific genetics and such things that made it feasible for such a use. Not much else he could do, the 18th century access to scientific knowledge was just very limited. My view of instinct and intuition (...)
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  26. Being There and Getting There: A View on the Nature and Application of Models.William M. Goodman - manuscript
    This paper updates (2017) a previously-presented* model of models, which can be used to clarify discussion and analysis in a variety of disputes and debates, since many such discussions hinge on displaying or implying models about how things are related. Knowing about models does not itself supply any new information about our world, but it might help us to recognize when and how information is being conveyed on these matters, or where possibly it is being obscured. If a claim P (...)
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  27. Immoral Promises.F. E. Guerra-Pujol - manuscript
    The proposition that “promises ought to be kept is one of the most important normative ideas or value judgements in our daily lives. But what about “illegal promises”? That is to say, what about promises that are, legally or morally speaking, malum in se or inherently wrongful, such as voluntary exchanges that are inherently immoral or wrongful, like bribes, blackmail, murder, etc.? In short, what moral obligations, if any, do such promises impose? Although many of the greatest thinkers in Western (...)
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  28. A Philosophical Critique of Evolution as a Concept.Haulianlal Guite - manuscript
  29. Deconstructing the Physical World.Brendon Hammer - manuscript
    Some metaphysics are provided showing that what is commonly called ‘the physical world’ can be deconstructed into three ‘levels’: a single, unified ‘noumenal world’ on which everything supervenes; a ‘phenomenal world’ that we each privately experience through direct perception of phenomena; and a ‘collective world’ that people in any given ‘language using group’ experience through learning, using and adapting that group’s language. This deconstruction is shown to enable a clear account of qualia and of how people can hold some things (...)
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  30. Criticism & Creative Compensation: Andreas Schönberger, Immanuel Kant et al.Foerstl Hans - manuscript
    Criticism and Creative Compensation: Andreas Schönberger, Immanuel Kant et al. In: Sabine Coelsch-Foisner (2023) Kreativität, schöpferischer Wille und (Über)Lebensstrategie. Winter, Heidelberg. -/- Creativity as a survival strategy requires the creative will to succeed in an academic environment. In addition to previous education, originality and the quality of one's own preliminary work, conviction of one's own abilities and flexibility in the choice of topics, activities and places are important prerequisites for success. The spirit of optimism in the age of the Enlightenment (...)
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  31. 完璧な計画.Manh-Tung Ho - manuscript
    This story reproduces “The Perfect Plan” in the fiction title Wild Wise Weird, written by Professor Quan-Hoang Vuong with his permission. Prof. Vuong ’s other nonfiction title is Meandering Sobriety.
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  32. (1 other version)Three tragedies that shape human life in age of AI and their antidotes.Manh-Tung Ho & Manh-Toan Ho - manuscript
    This essay seeks to understand what it means for the human collective when AI technologies have become a predominant force in each of our lives through identifying three moral dilemmas (i.e., tragedy of the commons, tragedy of commonsense morality, tragedy of apathy) that shape human choices. In the first part, we articulate AI-driven versions of the three moral dilemmas. Then, in the second part, drawing from evolutionary psychology, existentialism, and East Asian philosophies, we argue that a deep appreciation of three (...)
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  33. Emotional AI as affective artifacts: A philosophical exploration.Manh-Tung Ho, Tung-Duong Hoang & Manh-Toan Ho - manuscript
    In recent years, with the advances in machine learning and neuroscience, the abundances of sensors and emotion data, computer engineers have started to endow machines with ability to detect, classify, and interact with human emotions. Emotional artificial intelligence (AI), also known as a more technical term in affective computing, is increasingly more prevalent in our daily life as it is embedded in many applications in our mobile devices as well as in physical spaces. Critically, emotional AI systems have not only (...)
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  34. Preserving our humanity in the growing AI-mediated politics: Unraveling the concepts of Democracy (民主) and People as the Roots of the state (民本).Manh-Tung Ho & My-Van Luong - manuscript
    Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the way people engage with politics around the world: how citizens consume news, how they view the institutions and norms, how civic groups mobilize public interests, how data-driven campaigns are shaping elections, and so on (Ho & Vuong, 2024). Placing people at the center of the increasingly AI-mediated political landscape has become an urgent matter that transcends all forms of institutions. In this essay, we argue that, in this era, it is necessary to look beyond (...)
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  35. NHỮNG TRIẾT LÝ NHÂN VĂN TRONG TẦM NHÌN XÃ HỘI 5.0 TẠI NHẬT BẢN VÀ MỘT VÀI GỢI Ý CHO VIỆT NAM.Manh-Tung Ho & Phuong Thao Luu - manuscript
    Bài viết này tóm lược các điểm quan trọng và những triết lý xã hội trong Tầm nhìn Xã hội 5.0 (Society 5.0) của Nhật Bản, đồng thời đưa ra bài học cho Việt Nam trong việc hình thành một xã hội “lấy dân làm gốc”, được hiện thực hoá bởi trí tuệ nhân tạo (AI). Nhằm tiến tới một xã hội nơi con người được đặt làm trung tâm đồng thời chung sống hài hoà với công nghệ ngày càng (...)
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  36. Presence in Reality.Arman Hovhannisyan - manuscript
    As I tried to show in my earlier works (An Endeavor of New Concept of Being and Non-Being, Non-Being and Nothingness and Reality as Being and Nothingness), the environment in which the human being is finding itself should be characterized by being and nothingness, and any non-metaphysical philosophy must consider such an understanding of Reality as the utmost category which is above being, Universe, etc. In this article, I will try to shed light on the place and role of the (...)
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  37. Welcomed and Unwelcomed Philosophies.Arman Hovhannisyan - manuscript
    A discussion on PhilPapers.org, initiated by myself, has prompted me to write this sketch.
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  38. God and Reality.Arman Hovhannisyan - manuscript
    Metaphysics has done everything to involve God in the world of being. However, in case of considering Reality as being and nothingness, naturally, the metaphysical approach toward the idea of God is losing its grounds. If Reality is being and nothingness, so the idea of God, too, should concern nothingness as well as being.
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  39. Non-Being and Nothingness.Arman Hovhannisyan - manuscript
    There is a common belief that non-being and nothingness are identical, a widespread, even general delusion the wrongness of which I will try to demonstrate in this work. And which I consider even more important, that is to define nothingness for further determination of “its” place and role in the reality and especially in human life.
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  40. WILD WISE WEIRD: A REFLECTION OF HUMANITIES. [REVIEW]Chamunorwa Huni - manuscript
    Wild Wise Weird presents a compelling collection of narratives that use anthropomorphised birds to explore significant themes relevant to contemporary global societies. Through allegorical storytelling, the chapters address critical issues such as community dynamics, resource management, health awareness, leadership challenges, and environmental stewardship. Each narrative, particularly those featuring Kingfisher, reflects the socio-economic complexities many communities face, highlighting the urgent need for effective governance and informed decision-making.
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  41. 翻譯《傳習錄》中陸澄語錄的關鍵術語:一些初步的考量.George L. Israel - manuscript
    "Translating Key Terms Terms in Lu Cheng's Records in the Chuan xi lu: Some Preliminary Considerations" Draft paper for the 2024 Conference on [Wang] Yangming's Learning of Mind, Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Updated October 4, 2024. The final version will appear in the conference volume. -/- Criticism and suggestions welcome. Please do email.
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  42. Uniting Monotheistic Religions: A Philosophical Framework for Religious Convergence.P. Karmiris - manuscript
    This article presents a philosophical framework for uniting monotheistic religions under the premise of a common deity. Through careful examination of shared scriptures, ideologies, and ethical principles, it addresses the logical inconsistency of maintaining multiple monotheistic traditions while proposing a practical pathway toward unification. The framework acknowledges the complexity of religious institutions while offering a solution that respects existing structures during a transitional period. By identifying core commonalities and addressing institutional concerns, this paper provides a theoretical and practical foundation for (...)
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  43. Dark Matter and Dark Energy.Mesut Kavak - manuscript
    I have been working on the fundamental laws of physics for a long time. During this time, I realized that gravity does not work like Newtonian and this misleads us into Dark Matter. The relationship between distance and gravitational force varies with distance. The gravity equation varies with some value between $1/r$, $1/r^2$ or $1/r^4$ for the farthest or closest available distance. However, empty space also has a gravitational and expansion effect. This study aims to analyze and discuss these two (...)
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  44. Dossier Žižek.Gavin Keeney - manuscript
    Sublime Žižek: Guarding Lenin’s Tomb (July 2002) - Žižek & Badiou: The Neo-Marxist Magicians (November 2003) - The Ruins of Thought: Five Scenarios Toward a Short Film (November 2005) - Slavoj Žižek at Jack Tilton Gallery, New York, New York, April 2009 (April 2009) - Questions for Žižek (April 2009).
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  45. DENKWEISEN AUS ASIEN UND EUROPA. Nagarjuna und Whitehead.Christian Thomas Kohl - manuscript
    Abstract In diesem Text geht es zunächst um eine Zurückweisung eines indologischen Interpretationsmusters, nach dem in Nagarjunas Philosophie den Dingen eine fehlende Existenz zugeschrieben wird. Das halte ich für einen Versuch, den Buddhismus auf die Stufe eines Aberglaubens herabzustufen. Weiterhin geht es um das zwischen den Dingen Liegende und um den Begriff der Abhängigkeit und um zahlreiche ganz ähnliche Begriffe, die der Philosoph A. N. Whitehead verwendet, um ein Prinzip zum Ausdruck zu bringen, das von ihm auch als die Verflochtenheit (...)
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  46. A Semantic Information Formula Compatible with Shannon and Popper's Theories.Chenguang Lu - manuscript
    Semantic Information conveyed by daily language has been researched for many years; yet, we still need a practical formula to measure information of a simple sentence or prediction, such as “There will be heavy rain tomorrow”. For practical purpose, this paper introduces a new formula, Semantic Information Formula (SIF), which is based on L. A. Zadeh’s fuzzy set theory and P. Z. Wang’s random set falling shadow theory. It carries forward C. E. Shannon and K. Popper’s thought. The fuzzy set’s (...)
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  47. Atoms, Components and Structures.Roderick Malcolm MacLeod - manuscript
    It is argued that whenever component parts are assembled into an integrated whole, some of the properties defining the qualitative identities of the components are lost, and therefore the components as such have ceased to exist, at least temporarily. They have been replaced by a structure, which has different properties and behaviour from its components. In the process of creating a structure some properties are lost and others are gained, so rather than saying "a whole is more than the sum (...)
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  48. Parameters at play.Enrique Martinez Esteve - manuscript
    (This is the prologue to a book examining the causes of day-to-day strife in the populations of modern democracies vying to live and assert the freedoms promised to them by systems of governance supposed and expected to represent them.) -/- Voters, the population at large, no longer want representation but participation. But how is that achieved? The technological means are certainly there for each one of us to express opinion, bring forth ideas, mobilise groups with common purpose. -/- The growth (...)
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  49. Transcending One Plane of Immanence for Another, Struggling without An Algorithm.Lee A. Mcbride Iii - manuscript
    McBride reconsiders what philosophy is and what philosophy should be. He considers Gilles Deleuze and Leonard Harris, offering a compacted account of Deleuze’s transcendental empiricism and then subsequently offering an account of Harris’s philosophy born of struggle. He suggests that Deleuze and Harris are making similar moves. There are likenesses, the positions may be compatible in some respects, but, in the end, McBride believes Harris’s position offers a more explicit and tenable reason to engage in philosophy.
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  50. Compendium of documents for supporting a research project on the pictorial art.Fidel Micó - manuscript
    Research projects on Art History use to be highly expensive, exhaustive, slow, and sometimes disappointing. As a consequence, careers of most relevant artists start and finish without being noticed, in absence of critical assessments that contribute to improve it. This compendium of documents is primarily intended to help serious researchers and writers find an appropriate standard to ask for regular updates to artists during their careers. The document is structured as a traditional publication, but as a sample of resources that (...)
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1 — 50 / 2422