Le lien entre physique et information est analysé et les limites conceptuelles et techniques de l’utilisation de la notion statistique d’information (-connaissance) en physique sont mises en évidence. Nous montrons que ces problèmes peuvent être résolus de façon satisfaisante en utilisant une notion d’information structurelle dont la mesure nous est donnée en terme de complexité algorithmique. Ce qui rend alors possible la construction d’une véritable « thermodynamique » de l’information fondée sur le concept d’information structurelle.

Le lien entre physique et information est analysé et les limites conceptuelles et techniques de l’utilisation de la notion statistique d’information (-connaissance) en physique sont mises en évidence. Nous montrons que ces problèmes peuvent être résolus de façon satisfaisante en utilisant une notion d’information structurelle dont la mesure nous est donnée en terme de complexité algorithmique. Ce qui rend alors possible la construction d’une véritable « thermodynamique » de l’information fondée sur le concept d’information structurelle. Abstract: The relationship between physics (...) and information is explored and the conceptual and technical limitations of the use of the notion of statistical information(-knowledge) in physics are emphasised. It is shown that these issues can be satisfactorily resolved by using a notion of structural information, the measure of which is provided in terms of algorithmic complexity. This makes possible the construction of a genuine “thermodynamics”. (shrink)

All the attempts to find the justification of the privileged evolution of phenomena exclusively in the external world need to refer to the inescapable fact that we are living in such an asymmetric universe. This leads us to look for the origin of the “arrow of time” in the relationship between the subject and the world. The anthropic argument shows that the arrow of time is the condition of the possibility of emergence and maintenance of life in the universe. Moreover, (...) according to Bohr’s, Poincaré’s and Watanabe’s analysis, this agreement between the earlier-later direction of entropy increase and the past-future direction of life is the very condition of the possibility for meaningful action, representation and creation. Beyond this relationship of logical necessity between the meaning process and the arrow of time the question of their possible physical connection is explored. To answer affirmatively to this question, the meaning process is modelled as an evolving tree-like structure, called “Semantic Time”, where thermodynamic irreversibility can be shown. (shrink)

This paper suggests an epistemic interpretation of Belnap’s branching space-times theory based on Everett’s relative state formulation of the measurement operation in quantum mechanics. The informational branching models of the universe are evolving structures defined from a partial ordering relation on the set of memory states of the impersonal observer. The totally ordered set of their information contents defines a linear “time” scale to which the decoherent alternative histories of the informational universe can be referred—which is quite necessary for assigning (...) them a probability distribution. The “historical” state of a physical system is represented in an appropriate extended Hilbert space and an algebra of multi-branch operators is developed. An age operator computes the informational depth of historical states and its standard deviation can be used to provide a universal information/energy uncertainty relation. An information operator computes the encoding complexity of historical states, the rate of change of its average value accounting for the process of correlation destruction inherent to the branching dynamics. In the informational branching models of the universe, the asymmetry of phenomena in nature appears as a mere consequence of the subject’s activity of measuring, which defines the flow of time-information. (shrink)