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This paper is an attempt to elucidate the senses in which this place-name is used in Homer; to assign meanings to the Homeric terms Achaean, Iason and Pelasgic Arge, to ‘Argive’ as a synonym for Greek, and to establish the nature of the Argos over which Agamemnon ruled. I take the Homeric poems as the unity which they profess to be, and which they must be for historical enquiry. Whatever liberties Homer took with his materials (and I credit him with as free a hand as any one has allowed to Pisistratus)it is plain he was careful to respect events. The effort to distinguish between old and new in the Iliad and Odyssey has caused needless and fruitless encumbrance to the official historians, such as Busolt; the Unitarian position has given us the remarkable results of Professor Myres' (paper on the Pelasgians, J.H.S. 1907, 170 sqq.). The consistency of Mr. Myres' account, and I venture to hope of mine, allows a fresh inference back to the homogeneity of the poems which are their source.
page 82 note 1 His poem, the 
is also cited by Stephanus in 
and consisted of at least three books. His date is unknown, but he coincior his predecessors represent Strabo's 
page 82 note 2 The 
under Mt. Alesion in Arcadia (Paus. viii. J. l)which resembles in situation the Dotian Argos is no doubt only an apparent coincior dence.
And put three of the Pelopidae into the line of Inachus, e.g. in Tatian's genealogy, adv. Graecosc. 39
page 83 note 2 There is no need to assume with Wilamowitz Horn. Unt.352 that Clisthenes was jealous of the 
, where there was no King of Men and the r61e of Argos was not over-glorious.
page 84 note 1 See C.R. 1907, 18.
page 85 note 1 The Megarian claim may have had some basis in fact; the later Megara, nameless in Homer, may have been in the heroic age the 
of Salamis, as the Elean coast was of Ithaca. This however does not prejudice the entry in the Catalogue: Ajax with his island and his unnamed was important person ally, unimportant politically, like Odysseus with his Paulyarchipelago and his peraea. Both heroes were rated at twelve ships, the Athenians sent fifty; they were a maritime power. The moderns wish to see Megara in 
(B 508): this had not occurred to Hereas and Dieuchidas, and whatever effect the hexameter may have had in spacing places in the Catalogue, Anthedon is a very long way from Megara.
page 85 note 2 My excuse for this detail is that none of the following passages are given in Smith or in Pauly Wissowa.Google Scholar
page 87 note 1 On these peoples there is abundant information in 
by W. A. Oldfather, Philologus, 1908
page 88 note 1 Here I am happy to find myself in agreement with Mr. Leaf, against Strabo 461.
page 88 note 2 This among other reasons tells against believing the heroic Ithaca to have been the historical Leucas whatever may have been the name of the Mycenaean community in the latter. If Ithaca had been Leucas in a large peninsula with valleys and abundant soil, it would either have had no peraea, or if it had, that peraea must have been the mainland from which it was only separated by its lagoon.
page 88 note 3 Fick, Vorgricchische Ortsnamen, 1905, p. 121 while suggesting the connection with 
thinks of Argolis, which whatever 
may mean is ina conceivable.
page 89 note 1 On the topography of Phthiotis see Staehlin Atth. Mitth.xxxi. 1 sq. (1906). It is curious that we hear of a 
.
page 89 note 2 The Homeric phrase 
seems translated by the Hesiodic 
.
page 90 note 1 Galen vi 
What Galen felt of Ionic prose is true and even more true of Epos.
page 90 note 2 And therefore need not, at Bothe's hands, endure transposition.
page 90 note 3 Dictys vi. 2 puts Idomeneus and other heroes at Corinth when the war was over.
page 93 note 1 For 
260 the sense shows we must read with the minority of the MSS. 
. The reading 
was brought by 
from 1146 S 99 a37. To avoid the neglect of the digamma we may read 
with Bekker or 
with Mr. Agar.
page 93 note 2 It survives also in Pausanias, who distinctly says that Corinth (ii. I. 1) and Sicyon (ib. 7.I) are each a 
'Apyelas;viii. 1. 2 he defines what he here calls 
by saying it includes Sicyon, 
The coincidence between these passages and the usage of the term in Homer cannot be denied; but it is not plain if Pausanias uses the word geographically or politically; in the second passage (ii. 7. 1) he appears to conceive the name as a mark and result of the conquests of Dorian Argos.
page 93 note 3 Like other epic attributes it is not superlative or exclusive. The predication is made without reference exclusive. The predication is made without reference 
, the Horse mead, Ael.V.H. vi. I.
page 94 note 1 Aristotle Meteor.352 a 8 said Argolis was 
and uncultivated in heroic days.
page 98 note 1 If Zerelia is not Itonos, is it Arne ? Hesiod in the Aspis places it in this region (cf. C.R.1906, 200) Such an ancient site (if it goes back to 3000 B.C.) would leave a name when it had ceased to be inhabited. Contrariwise the site Gla in Boeotia remains, but without a name (I suggested 
C.R. 1902, 239). Further, do the epithets Argos 
and Larissa 
recall a moment when the Pelasgian frontier was more northerly namely at Othrys? Frontier places, like Mezzo Lombardo, are often labeled
page 98 note 2 Xen. Hell.iv. 4. 6 
.
