Universals in Linguistic Theory

accusative adjectives adnominal ambiguous analysis appear base component choice Chomsky conception conjunction conjunction reduction constituent corresponding dative deep structure deletion derived devoicing dialects diphthongization direct object discussion distinction elements embedded sentence English ergative example expression fact frame feature function genitive grammar identical inalienable possession indices interpretation involved Jespersen John and Harry Katz Lakoff languages lexical categories lexical item lexicon linguistic linguistic change linguistic theory meaning mid vowels morpheme negation node nominative nonjoint notation notion noun phrase NP K NP NP's obstruents occur paraphrase Paul Postal person phonemic phonological plural position possible predicate preposition processes pronominalization pronouns proposed question refer relations relationship relative clauses reordering represent result selectional restrictions semantic representation similar simplification someone sound change specific suggested surface structure syntactic syntax tense tion tive topicalization transformational grammar umlaut underlying representations underlying structure universal variables verb vowel heights vowels words