Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-wq484 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T07:18:58.863Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

TRIANGULATING NON-ARCHIMEDEAN PROBABILITY

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 July 2018

HAZEL BRICKHILL*
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University
LEON HORSTEN*
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy, University of Bristol
*
*GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING KOBE UNIVERSITY 1-1 ROKKODAI-CHO KOBE 657-8501, JAPAN E-mail: brickhill@dragon.kobe-u.ac.jp
DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL BRISTOL BS6 6JL, UK E-mail: leon.horsten@bristol.ac.uk

Abstract

We relate Popper functions to regular and perfectly additive such non-Archimedean probability functions by means of a representation theorem: every such non-Archimedean probability function is infinitesimally close to some Popper function, and vice versa. We also show that regular and perfectly additive non-Archimedean probability functions can be given a lexicographic representation. Thus Popper functions, a specific kind of non-Archimedean probability functions, and lexicographic probability functions triangulate to the same place: they are in a good sense interchangeable.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Association for Symbolic Logic 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Benci, V., Di Nasso, M., & Forti, M. (2006). An aristotelian notion of size. Annals of Pure and Applied Logic, 143, 4353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benci, V., Horsten, L., & Wenmackers, S. (2013). Non-archimedean probability. Milan Journal of Mathematics, 81, 121151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benci, V., Horsten, L., & Wenmackers, S. (2018). Infinitesimal probabilities. The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 69(2), 509552.Google ScholarPubMed
Blume, L., Brandenburger, A., & Dekel, E. (1991). Lexicographical probabilities and choice under uncertainty. Econometrica, 59, 6179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell-Moore, C., Horsten, L., & Leitgeb, H. (forthcoming). Probabilities for the revision theory of truth. Journal of Philosophical Logic, to appear.Google Scholar
de Finetti, B. (1949). On the Axiomatization of Probability. Translated and published as Chapter 5 in Probability, Induction, and Statistics (1972). Wiley Publications.Google Scholar
Goldblatt, R. (1998). Lectures on the Hyperreals. An Introduction to Nonstandard Analysis. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, Vol. 188. New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Hajek, A. (2003). What conditional probability could not be. Synthese, 137, 273323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halpern, J. (2010). Lexicographic probability, conditional probability, and non-standard probability. Games and Economic Behavior, 68, 155179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harper, W. (1975). Rational belief change, popper functions and counterfactuals. Synthese, 30, 221262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ilic-Stepic, A., Ognjanovic, Z., & Ikodinovic, N. (2014). Conditional p-adic probability logic. International Journal for Approximate Reasoning, 55, 18431865.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khrennikov, A. (1996). p-adic valued probability measures. Indagationes Mathematicae, 7, 311330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khrennikov, A. (2008). Toward theory of p-adic valued probabilities. Studies in Logic, Grammar, and Rhetoric, 14, 137154.Google Scholar
Khrennikov, A. & Schumann, A. (2006). Logical approach to p-adic probabilities. Bulletin of Symbolic Logic, 45, 4957.Google Scholar
Kolmogorov, A. (1933). Grundbegriffe der Wahrscheinlichkeitrechnung (Ergebnisse Der Mathematik). Translated by Morrison, N. Foundations of probability. Chelsea Publishing Company (1956) 2nd English Edition.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krauss, P. (1968). Representation of conditional probability measures on boolean algebras. Acta Mathematica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 19, 229241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kremer, P. (2014). Indeterminacy of fair infinite lotteries. Synthese, 191, 17571760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leitgeb, H. (2012). A probabilistic semantics for counterfactuals. The Review of Symbolic Logic, 5, 26121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levi, I. (1989). Possibility and probability. Erkenntnis, 31, 365386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D. (1980). A subjectivist’s guide to objective chance. In Jeffrey, R. C., editor. Studies in Inductive Logic and Probability. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, pp. 263293.Google Scholar
McGee, V. (1994). Learning the impossible. In Ellery, E. and Brian, S., editors. Probability and Conditionals: Belief Revision and Rational Decision. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 179199.Google Scholar
Nelson, E. (1987). Radically Elementary Probability Theory. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Norton, J. (2018). How to build an infinite lottery machine. European Journal for Philosophy of Science, 8, 7195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pedersen, A. (2014). Comparative expectations. Studia Logica, 102, 811848.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Popper, K. (1959). The Logic of Scientific Discovery. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Pruss, A. (2015). Popper functions, uniform distributions, and infinite sequences. Journal of Philosophical Logic, 44, 259271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renyi, A. (1955). On a new axiomatic theory of probability. Acta Mathematica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 6, 285335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, A. (1961). Non-standard analysis. Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series A: Mathematical Sciences, 64 and Indagationes Mathematicae, 23, 432440.Google Scholar
Schervish, M., Seidenfeld, T., & Kadane, J. (2017). Non-conclomerability for countably additive measures that are not κ-additive. Review of Symbolic Logic, 10, 284300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schumann, A. (2008). Non-Archimedean fuzzy and probability logic. Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics, 18, 2948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schumann, A. (2014). Probabilities on streams and reflexive games. Operations Research and Decisions, 1, 7196.Google Scholar
Van Fraassen, B. (1976). Representation of conditional probabilities. Journal of Philosophical Logic, 5, 417430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenmackers, S. & Horsten, L. (2013). Fair infinite lotteries. Synthese, 190, 3761.CrossRefGoogle Scholar