다산(茶山)의 『춘추고징(春秋考徵)』에서는 고대의 예제(禮制)의 확립을 목표로 설정하고, 길례(吉禮)와 흉례(凶禮) 분야를 집중적으로 다루고 있다. 특히 이 두 분야는 다양한 이론과 주장, 그리고 논쟁이 끊이지 않는 영역이기 때문에 예제의 정확한 규정을 위해서는 반드시 다루어야 할 부분이다. 『춘추』 삼전(三傳) 중에서도 『좌씨전』은 고대의 다양한 문물제도와 문화, 예제(禮制)를 가장 풍부하게 담고 있으며. 여기에 상세한 주석을 단 인물이 바로 두예(杜預)이다. 고대의 예제 고증에 두예의 주석(註釋)이 매우 중요한 역할을 하지만, 그 속에 포함된 오류까지도 무비판적으로 답습할 경우에는 부정적인 영향력도 그만큼 클 수밖에 없다. 따라서 다산의 입장에서 두예의 오류를 찾아서 변론하는 일은 매우 중요한 학문적 과제라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 두예의 이론 중에서 ‘장례를 치르면 바로 상복을 벗는다[旣葬除服]’는 주장에 대한 다산의 비판과 변론에 대해 살펴본다. 두예를 ‘명교(名敎)의 죄인(罪人)’이라고까지 극언할 정도로, 다산에게 이 문제는 매우 중요한 문제로 인식되었다. 다산이 체계적인 논증을 통해 두예의 주장이 근거 없는 억단임을 추론해나가는 과정을 통해서 그의 경전 연구의 방법과 특징을 발견할 수 있을 것이다.
Dasan's Chunchugojing aims to establish ancient ritual system in funerals and mainly deals with auspicious and portentous ceremonies. Because these two fields especially arouse various theories and arguments and endless discussions, they should be examined to exactly define the ritual system. Among three biographies in Chunchu, The Zuo Commentary has the most expansive contents about various ancient civilization, institutions, culture and ritual system and it was Du-yu that made detailed annotations to it. Du-yu's annotations play a major role in studying historical evidences of ancient ritual system but they could also have negative impact when even errors in it are unconditionally admitted. Therefore, it was an important academic task for Dasan to find Du-yu's errors and defend them. This study looks into Dasan's criticism and argument on an idea saying 'no mourning after a funeral [旣葬除服].' Dasan took this issue very seriously to call Du-yu a sinner of Confucianism. Dasan's methods and features of research on scriptures could be found by examining his reasoning process with systematic demonstration leading to the conclusion that Du-yu's argument was a groundless conjecture.
Dasan's Chunchugojing aims to establish ancient ritual system in funerals and mainly deals with auspicious and portentous ceremonies. Because these two fields especially arouse various theories and arguments and endless discussions, they should be examined to exactly define the ritual system. Among three biographies in Chunchu, The Zuo Commentary has the most expansive contents about various ancient civilization, institutions, culture and ritual system and it was Du-yu that made detailed annotations to it. Du-yu's annotations play a major role in studying historical evidences of ancient ritual system but they could also have negative impact when even errors in it are unconditionally admitted. Therefore, it was an important academic task for Dasan to find Du-yu's errors and defend them. This study looks into Dasan's criticism and argument on an idea saying 'no mourning after a funeral [旣葬除服].' Dasan took this issue very seriously to call Du-yu a sinner of Confucianism. Dasan's methods and features of research on scriptures could be found by examining his reasoning process with systematic demonstration leading to the conclusion that Du-yu's argument was a groundless conjecture.
