Hypoactive error-related activity associated with failure to learn from errors in substance dependent individuals
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1
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Australia
Substance dependence is associated with impaired learning from negative outcomes. Such deficits may result from reduced functional connectivity between key areas that support reinforcement learning, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), anterior insula (AI) and hippocampus. In the present study, the predictive learning value of error-related fMRI activations and functional connectivity patterns were examined in substance dependent individuals (SDIs) (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 20). Healthy controls showed robust error-related activation of dACC and hippocampus, and the strength of these activations (and dACC-hippocampus connectivity) predicted learning and subsequent recall performance. In contrast, error-related activations were significantly attenuated in SDIs, and failed to predict subsequent recall. In addition, SDIs were less motivated to improve learning when an error was punished more severely. This finding appears to involve the AI, which showed reduced activation in SDIs following harsh punishment compared to controls. These results provide evidence for regional activation and connectivity based disruption to error-learning networks in SDIs. The value of punishment based motivations for prevention and treatment of substance dependence may need to be assessed in light of these and other findings.
Keywords:
Learning,
Punishment,
Addiction,
cognitive control,
fMRI,
Reinforcement,
Reward,
functional MRI,
error processing,
substance dependence,
ACC,
Recall
Conference:
XII International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON-XII), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 27 Jul - 31 Jul, 2014.
Presentation Type:
Poster
Topic:
Cognition and Executive Processes
Citation:
Upton
D,
O'Connor
D,
Charles-Walsh
K,
Rossiter
S,
Moore
J and
Hester
R
(2015). Hypoactive error-related activity associated with failure to learn from errors in substance dependent individuals.
Conference Abstract:
XII International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON-XII).
doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2015.217.00357
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Received:
19 Feb 2015;
Published Online:
24 Apr 2015.
*
Correspondence:
Dr. Daniel Upton, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Melbourne, Australia, daniel.upton@unimelb.edu.au