A History of Twelfth-Century Western PhilosophyThis is the first comprehensive study of the philosophical achievements of twelfth-century Western Europe. It is the collaboration of fifteen scholars whose detailed survey makes accessible the intellectual preoccupations of the period, with all texts cited in English translation throughout. After a discussion of the cultural context of twelfth-century speculation, and some of the main streams of thought - Platonic, Stoic, and Arabic - that quickened it, comes a characterisation of the new problems and perspectives of the period, in scientific inquiry, speculative grammar, and logic. This is followed by a closer examination of the distinctive features of some of the most innovative thinkers of the time, from Anselm and Abelard to the School of Chartres. A final section shows the impact of newly recovered works of Aristotle in the twelfth-century West. |
Contents
Philosophy cosmology and the twelfthcentury Renaissance | 21 |
The Platonic inheritance | 54 |
The Stoic inheritance | 81 |
The Arabic inheritance | 113 |
New Perspectives | 149 |
Scientific speculations | 151 |
Speculative grammar | 177 |
Logic i from the late eleventh century to the time of Abelard | 196 |
Gilbert of Poitiers | 328 |
A note on the Porretani | 353 |
Thierry of Chartres | 358 |
Hermann of Carinthia | 386 |
The Entry of the New Aristotle | 405 |
Aristotelian thought in Salerno | 407 |
David of Dinant and the beginnings of Aristotelianism in Paris | 429 |
Biobibliographies | 443 |
Logic ii the later twelfth century | 227 |
Innovators | 253 |
Anselm of Canterbury | 255 |
Peter Abelard | 279 |
William of Conches | 308 |
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Common terms and phrases
Abelard Abū Ma'shar Adelard of Bath AHDLMA Alan of Lille anima Anselm Arabic arguments Aristotelian Aristotle Aristotle's autem Avicenna Bernard BGPTM body Boethius Buytaert Calcidius Christian Cicero commentary concept cosmology d'Alverny David Dialectica discussion divine doctrine Dragmaticon Dronke edition elements enim essentiis existence Fredborg Gilbert of Poitiers Glosa glosses Glosule grammar Greek Gundissalinus Häring Hermann of Carinthia human Ibid intellectual Jeauneau John of Salisbury Latin logic Macrobius manuscripts matter Medieval Metalogicon nature notion noun Ostlender 1939 Paris passage Petrus philosophical physical Platonic predicate premisses principles Priscian propositions question quo ests quod rational reason reference rerum Salernitan Salerno semantic sense signifies Socrates soul species spirit Stoic substance sunt texts Theologia Christiana Theologia Summi boni theory Thierry of Chartres Thierry's things thought Timaeus Tractatus tradition translated treatise Trinity twelfth century universe verb William of Conches words world-soul writings
Popular passages
Page 8 - Reason is first in Nature, but Authority in time. For, although Nature was created together with Time, Authority did not begin to exist from the beginning of Time and Nature. But Reason has arisen together with Nature and Time from the beginning of things.