Abstract
This paper represents an attempt to clarify a number of long-standing issues concerning the nature and status of the special and general principles of relativity in particular and symmetry or invariance principles in general. An analysis of the active and passive interpretations of symmetry operations is offered. This analysis yields an evaluation of the old covariance-invariance issue. It also demonstrates that the passive interpretation, insofar as it is not trivial, is parasitic on the active picture. Finally, the analysis shows that grave difficulties lie in the way of any attempt to generalize the special principle of relativity in a manner like the one Einstein originally proposed.
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Earman, J. Covariance, invariance, and the equivalence of frames. Found Phys 4, 267–289 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00712691
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00712691