African Traditional Religions, Philosophy of

A number of questions are raised by a philosophical focus on African religious beliefs and practices. First, are the conceptual questions raised in Western philosophy of religion applicable to African traditional religions? Second, does an adequate understanding of African traditional religions require a translation of their concepts into the Western conceptual scheme? Third, what is the distinguishing character of religious rituals among traditional Africans? Fourth, what is the significance of religion for peace and development in Africa?

As should be expected, there are opposing positions with regard to each of these questions. For instance, on the first issue, differences exist between scholars influenced by Christian theology, for example, Robin Horton’s “Devout opposition” and those who have been influenced by agnostic and atheistic beliefs. While the former sees Christian parallels in African religions and defines African God(s) in terms understandable to Christians, the latter...