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Türk Yetişkinlerin Dindarlığı ve Kürtaja Yönelik Toplumsal Tutumları: İslami Perspektiften

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 42, 433 - 456, 15.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.17335/sakaifd.784869

Öz

Din ve kürtaj arasındaki ilişkiyi yirmi-otuz yıldır inceleyen iki elin parmakları kadar çalışma vardır ve bu çalışmalar özellikle halkın kürtaj konusundaki tavırlarını göz önünde bulundurmuşlardır. Bununla birlikte, daha az niceliksel çalışma Müslümanların kürtaja karşı tutumlarını ele almıştır. Bu çalışma, İslam'dan gelen yeni bir dini ve geleneksel perspektifi araştırıyor ve aynı zamanda din ve kürtaj konusundaki mevcut literatürü zenginleştiriyor. Bu çalışmanın önemi, Türkiye'nin günümüz dünyasında coğrafi konumu ve kültürel mirasının önemi kadar, kürtaj yapmanın yasal olduğu iki Müslüman nüfuslu ülkeden biri olduğu gerçeğine dayanmaktadır. Halkın bu konudaki nabzını ölçmek için Avrupa Değer Çalışmasının (2008) dördüncü dalgasından elde edilen verileri kullandık. Amacımız, "Evli olmayan kadınlar" ve "Daha fazla çocuk istemeyen bir çift" gibi durumlarda, dini faktörlerin insanların kürtaja yönelik tutumlarını nasıl etkilediğini bulmaktır. Bulgular, yüksek dindarlık düzeyine sahip kişilerin kürtaj uygulamasını onaylamama olasılıklarının daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgu aynı zamanda, Türkiye'nin kürtaj politikasında olası değişikliklere katkıda bulunmak için kürtaja ilişkin halkın tutumunun önemli bir göstergesi olabilir.

Kaynakça

  • Agos. “Kürtaj Düzenlemesiyle İlgili Çelişkili Açıklamalar Geliyor” (21 June 2012). http://www.agos.com.tr/tr/yazi/1748/kurtaj-duzenlemesiyle-ilgili-celiskili-aciklamalar-geliyor
  • Akgündüz, Ahmed - Öztürk, Said. Bilinmeyen Osmanlı. İstanbul: Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı. 1999.
  • Akın, Ayşe - Bertan, Münevver. "Contraception, Abortion and Maternal Health Services in Turkey". Results of Further Analysis of the 1993 Turkish DHS (1996).
  • Aramesh, Kiarash. “A Shiite Perspective toward Abortion”. DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Suppl. 1 (2006), 37-39.
  • Bardakoğlu, Ali. “Cinsi Hayat”. İlmihal: İslam ve Toplum. İstanbul: Diyanet Vakfı İslam Araştırmaları Merkezi (İSAM), 1998.
  • Bartkowski, John P. vd. “Faith, Race-ethnicity, and Public Policy Preferences: Religious Schemas and Abortion Attitudes among US Latinos”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 51/2 (2012), 343-358.
  • Bowen, Donna Lee. “Abortion, Islam, and the 1994 Cairo Population Conference”. International Journal of Middle East Studies 29/2 (1997), 161-184.
  • Brinkerhoff, Merlin B. - MacKie, Marlene M. “Religious Denominations’ Impact upon Gender Attitudes: Some Methodological Implications”. Review of Religious Research (1984), 365-378.
  • Bursadabugün. “Sağlık Bakanı Recep Akdağ, Gündemde Olan Kürtaj ve Sezaryen Uygulamalarına Getirilecek Yeni Düzenlemeler Konusunda Gazetecilerin Sorularını Yanıtladı” (31 May 2012). https://www.bursadabugun.com/haber/kurtaj-12-eylul-yasasidir-93246.html
  • Carol, Sarah - Milewski, Nadja. “Attitudes toward Abortion among the Muslim Minority and Non-Muslim Majority in Cross-National Perspective: Can Religiosity Explain the Differences?”. Sociology of Religion 78/4 (2017), 456-491.
  • Demirci, Tuba. Body, Disease and Late Ottoman Literature: Debates on Ottoman Muslim Family in the Tanzimat Period (1839-1908). Ankara: Bilkent University, Institute of Social Sciences, Ph.D. Dissertation, 2008.
  • Dirik, Mehmet. "İslam Hukuku Açısından Kürtaj". Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi 5 (2018), 73-96.
  • Doğan, Recep. "The Profiles of Victims, Perpetrators, and Unfounded Beliefs in Honor Killings in Turkey". Homicide Studies 18/4 (2014), 389-416.
  • Ekmekci, Perihan Elif. "Abortion in Islamic Ethics, and How it is Perceived in Turkey: A Secular, Muslim Country". Journal of Religion and Health 56/3 (2017), 884-895. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-016-0277-9
  • Ellison, Christopher G. vd. “Religion and Abortion Attitudes among US Hispanics: Findings from the 1990 Latino National Political Survey”, Social Science Quarterly 86/1 (2005), 192-208.
  • Emerson, Michael O. “Through Tinted Glasses: Religion, Worldviews, and Abortion Attitudes”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 35/1 (1996), 41-55.
  • Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. s.1.: Vintage, 2012.
  • Fergusson, David M. vd. “Abortion in Young Women and Subsequent Mental Health”. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 47/1 (2006), 16-24.
  • Güngördü, Sedef Erkmen. AKP Döneminde Türkiye'de Biyopolitik Yönelimler: Kürtaj Po-litikaları Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Ankara: Ankara University, Institute of Social Sci-ences, Ph.D. Dissertation, 2019.
  • Haber Türk. “Sağlık Bakanı Recep Akdağ, Gündemde Olan Kürtaj ve Sezaryen Uygu-lamalarına Getirilecek Yeni Düzenlemeler Konusunda Gazetecilerin Sorularını Yanıtladı” (31 May 2012). https://www.haberturk.com/saglik/haber/746800-kurtaj-12-eylul-yasasidir
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. "Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştır-ması (2018)." (2018). http://www.hips.hacet-tepe.edu.tr/eng/tdhs2018/TDHS_2018_main_report.pdf
  • Halfmann, Drew. Doctors and Demonstrators: How Political Institutions Shape Abortion Law in the United States, Britain, and Canada. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011.
  • Harris, Richard J. - Mills, Edgar W. “Religion, Values and Attitudes toward Abortion”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (1985), 137-154.
  • Hertel, Bradley R. - Hughes, Michael. “Religious Affiliation, Attendance, and Support for ‘Pro-family’ Issues in the United States”. Social Forces 65/3 (1987), 858-882.
  • Hoffmann, John P. - Johnson, Sherrie Mills. “Attitudes toward Abortion among Religious Traditions in the United States: Change or Continuity?” Sociology of Religion 66/2 (2005), 161-182.
  • Hürriyet.com.tr. “Bakan Akdağ'dan Kürtaj Açıklaması” (31 May 2012). https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/bakan-akdagdan-kurtaj-aciklamasi-20655979
  • Hürriyet Daily News. “Turkish PM Pushes for ‘Three Children Incentive’ - Turkey News” (10 February 2013). https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-pm-pushes-for-three-children-incentive-40811
  • Jelen, Ted G. “Respect for Life, Sexual Morality, and Opposition to Abortion”. Review of Religious Research (1984), 220-231.
  • Jelen, Ted G. - Wilcox, Clyde. “Causes and Consequences of Public Attitudes toward Abortion: A Review and Research Agenda”. Political Research Quarterly 56/4 (2003), 489-500.
  • Keskin, İçten. Amerika ve Türkiye'de Kürtaj Politikaları ve Feminizm Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz. İstanbul: Yıldız Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences, Master's Thesis, 2014.
  • Klingemann, Hans-Dieter vd. Parties, Policies, and Democracy. Boulder: Westview Press, 1994.
  • Lumley, J. “The Association between Prior Spontaneous Abortion, Prior Induced Abortion and Preterm Birth in First Singleton Births”. Prenatal and Neonatal Medicine 3/1 (1998), 21–24.
  • Lynxwiler, John. “The Impact of Religiosity on Race Variations in Abortion Attitudes”. Sociological Spectrum 19/3 (1999), 359–377.
  • McIntosh, William Alex vd. “The Differential Impact of Religious Preference and Church Attendance on Attitudes toward Abortion”. Review of Religious Research (1979), 195–213.
  • Nişancı, Zübeyir - Aysan, Ümmügülsüm. "Türkiye'de Sosyodemografik ve Sosyo-kültürel Göstergelere Göre Dindarlık Seviyeleri". Sosyoloji Dergisi/Journal of Sociology 39/2 (2019).
  • Ogland, Curtis P. - Verona, Ana Paula. “Religion and Attitudes toward Abortion and Abortion Policy in Brazil”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 50/4 (2011), 812-821.
  • Özen, Nurgül. İslam Hukukuna Göre Kürtaj ile İlgili Görüşlerin ve Delillerin Değerlendiril-mesi: Bosna Örneği. İzmir: İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University, Institute of Social Sciences, Master's Thesis, 2020.
  • Pew Research Center (PEW) “Spring 2013 Survey: Pew Research Center’s Global Attitudes Project (blog), 01 Mayıs 2013”. Access 24 August 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2013/05/01/spring-2013-survey/
  • Resmî Gazete. "Rahim Tahliyesi ve Sterilizasyon Hizmetlerinin Yürütülmesi ve Denet-lenmesine İlişkin Tüzük." (18 December 1983). https://www.mev-zuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/2.5.837395.pdf
  • Rue, Vincent M., Priscilla K. Coleman, James J. Rue, and David C. Reardon. "Induced Abortion and Traumatic Stress: A Preliminary Comparison of American and Russian Women". Medical Science Monitor 10/10 (2004): 5-16.
  • Shah, Prakesh S. - Zao, J. “Induced Termination of Pregnancy and Low Birthweight and Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses”. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 116/11 (2009), 1425-1442.
  • Milliyet. “Kürtaj Yaptıran Kadına Hapis” (18 July 2012). https://www.milli-yet.com.tr/siyaset/kurtaj-yaptiran-kadina-hapis-1568525
  • Steensland, Brian vd. “The Measure of American religion: Toward Improving the State of the Art”. Social forces 79/1 (2000), 291-318.
  • Tamney, Joseph B. vd. “The Abortion Controversy: Conflicting Beliefs and Values in American society”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (1992), 32–46.
  • The Holy Qur’an: Translation and Commentary, trans. Maulana Muhammed Ali (Ohio: Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam Lahore Inc., 2002).
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (Turkstat), "General Management of Population and Citizenship 2012". Access on 24 August 2020. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/In-dex?p=Birth-Statistics-2011-10923
  • Wilcox, Clyde. “Race, Religion, Region and Abortion Attitudes”, Sociological Analysis 53/1 (1992), 97-105.
  • Woodrum, Eric - Davison, Beth L. “Reexamination of Religious Influences on Abortion Attitudes”. Review of Religious Research (1992), 229-243.

Religiosity and Public Attitudes toward Abortion among Turkish Adults: From an Islamic Perspective

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 42, 433 - 456, 15.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.17335/sakaifd.784869

Öz

For several decades, a handful of studies have examined the relationship between religion and abortion; they particularly pay attention to public attitudes. However, fewer quantitative studies have considered Muslims’ attitudes toward abortion. This study explores a new religious and traditional perspective that comes from Islam and also enhances the existing literature on the topic of religion and abortion. The significance of this study is based on the fact that Turkey, as well as its importance of geographical location and cultural heritage in today’s world, is one of two Muslim-populated countries in which performing abortion is legal. In order to measure the pulse of the public about this topic, we used data from the fourth wave of the European Value Study (2008). Our purpose is to display how religious factors influence people’s attitudes toward practicing abortion in the cases, “Women who are not married” and “A couple who does not want more children.” The findings indicate that people who have a high level of religiosity are more likely to disapprove of the practice of abortion. This finding also can be a considerable indicator of public attitudes regarding abortion to contribute to probable changes in the abortion policy of Turkey.

Kaynakça

  • Agos. “Kürtaj Düzenlemesiyle İlgili Çelişkili Açıklamalar Geliyor” (21 June 2012). http://www.agos.com.tr/tr/yazi/1748/kurtaj-duzenlemesiyle-ilgili-celiskili-aciklamalar-geliyor
  • Akgündüz, Ahmed - Öztürk, Said. Bilinmeyen Osmanlı. İstanbul: Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı. 1999.
  • Akın, Ayşe - Bertan, Münevver. "Contraception, Abortion and Maternal Health Services in Turkey". Results of Further Analysis of the 1993 Turkish DHS (1996).
  • Aramesh, Kiarash. “A Shiite Perspective toward Abortion”. DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Suppl. 1 (2006), 37-39.
  • Bardakoğlu, Ali. “Cinsi Hayat”. İlmihal: İslam ve Toplum. İstanbul: Diyanet Vakfı İslam Araştırmaları Merkezi (İSAM), 1998.
  • Bartkowski, John P. vd. “Faith, Race-ethnicity, and Public Policy Preferences: Religious Schemas and Abortion Attitudes among US Latinos”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 51/2 (2012), 343-358.
  • Bowen, Donna Lee. “Abortion, Islam, and the 1994 Cairo Population Conference”. International Journal of Middle East Studies 29/2 (1997), 161-184.
  • Brinkerhoff, Merlin B. - MacKie, Marlene M. “Religious Denominations’ Impact upon Gender Attitudes: Some Methodological Implications”. Review of Religious Research (1984), 365-378.
  • Bursadabugün. “Sağlık Bakanı Recep Akdağ, Gündemde Olan Kürtaj ve Sezaryen Uygulamalarına Getirilecek Yeni Düzenlemeler Konusunda Gazetecilerin Sorularını Yanıtladı” (31 May 2012). https://www.bursadabugun.com/haber/kurtaj-12-eylul-yasasidir-93246.html
  • Carol, Sarah - Milewski, Nadja. “Attitudes toward Abortion among the Muslim Minority and Non-Muslim Majority in Cross-National Perspective: Can Religiosity Explain the Differences?”. Sociology of Religion 78/4 (2017), 456-491.
  • Demirci, Tuba. Body, Disease and Late Ottoman Literature: Debates on Ottoman Muslim Family in the Tanzimat Period (1839-1908). Ankara: Bilkent University, Institute of Social Sciences, Ph.D. Dissertation, 2008.
  • Dirik, Mehmet. "İslam Hukuku Açısından Kürtaj". Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi 5 (2018), 73-96.
  • Doğan, Recep. "The Profiles of Victims, Perpetrators, and Unfounded Beliefs in Honor Killings in Turkey". Homicide Studies 18/4 (2014), 389-416.
  • Ekmekci, Perihan Elif. "Abortion in Islamic Ethics, and How it is Perceived in Turkey: A Secular, Muslim Country". Journal of Religion and Health 56/3 (2017), 884-895. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-016-0277-9
  • Ellison, Christopher G. vd. “Religion and Abortion Attitudes among US Hispanics: Findings from the 1990 Latino National Political Survey”, Social Science Quarterly 86/1 (2005), 192-208.
  • Emerson, Michael O. “Through Tinted Glasses: Religion, Worldviews, and Abortion Attitudes”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 35/1 (1996), 41-55.
  • Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. s.1.: Vintage, 2012.
  • Fergusson, David M. vd. “Abortion in Young Women and Subsequent Mental Health”. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 47/1 (2006), 16-24.
  • Güngördü, Sedef Erkmen. AKP Döneminde Türkiye'de Biyopolitik Yönelimler: Kürtaj Po-litikaları Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Ankara: Ankara University, Institute of Social Sci-ences, Ph.D. Dissertation, 2019.
  • Haber Türk. “Sağlık Bakanı Recep Akdağ, Gündemde Olan Kürtaj ve Sezaryen Uygu-lamalarına Getirilecek Yeni Düzenlemeler Konusunda Gazetecilerin Sorularını Yanıtladı” (31 May 2012). https://www.haberturk.com/saglik/haber/746800-kurtaj-12-eylul-yasasidir
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. "Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştır-ması (2018)." (2018). http://www.hips.hacet-tepe.edu.tr/eng/tdhs2018/TDHS_2018_main_report.pdf
  • Halfmann, Drew. Doctors and Demonstrators: How Political Institutions Shape Abortion Law in the United States, Britain, and Canada. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011.
  • Harris, Richard J. - Mills, Edgar W. “Religion, Values and Attitudes toward Abortion”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (1985), 137-154.
  • Hertel, Bradley R. - Hughes, Michael. “Religious Affiliation, Attendance, and Support for ‘Pro-family’ Issues in the United States”. Social Forces 65/3 (1987), 858-882.
  • Hoffmann, John P. - Johnson, Sherrie Mills. “Attitudes toward Abortion among Religious Traditions in the United States: Change or Continuity?” Sociology of Religion 66/2 (2005), 161-182.
  • Hürriyet.com.tr. “Bakan Akdağ'dan Kürtaj Açıklaması” (31 May 2012). https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/bakan-akdagdan-kurtaj-aciklamasi-20655979
  • Hürriyet Daily News. “Turkish PM Pushes for ‘Three Children Incentive’ - Turkey News” (10 February 2013). https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-pm-pushes-for-three-children-incentive-40811
  • Jelen, Ted G. “Respect for Life, Sexual Morality, and Opposition to Abortion”. Review of Religious Research (1984), 220-231.
  • Jelen, Ted G. - Wilcox, Clyde. “Causes and Consequences of Public Attitudes toward Abortion: A Review and Research Agenda”. Political Research Quarterly 56/4 (2003), 489-500.
  • Keskin, İçten. Amerika ve Türkiye'de Kürtaj Politikaları ve Feminizm Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz. İstanbul: Yıldız Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences, Master's Thesis, 2014.
  • Klingemann, Hans-Dieter vd. Parties, Policies, and Democracy. Boulder: Westview Press, 1994.
  • Lumley, J. “The Association between Prior Spontaneous Abortion, Prior Induced Abortion and Preterm Birth in First Singleton Births”. Prenatal and Neonatal Medicine 3/1 (1998), 21–24.
  • Lynxwiler, John. “The Impact of Religiosity on Race Variations in Abortion Attitudes”. Sociological Spectrum 19/3 (1999), 359–377.
  • McIntosh, William Alex vd. “The Differential Impact of Religious Preference and Church Attendance on Attitudes toward Abortion”. Review of Religious Research (1979), 195–213.
  • Nişancı, Zübeyir - Aysan, Ümmügülsüm. "Türkiye'de Sosyodemografik ve Sosyo-kültürel Göstergelere Göre Dindarlık Seviyeleri". Sosyoloji Dergisi/Journal of Sociology 39/2 (2019).
  • Ogland, Curtis P. - Verona, Ana Paula. “Religion and Attitudes toward Abortion and Abortion Policy in Brazil”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 50/4 (2011), 812-821.
  • Özen, Nurgül. İslam Hukukuna Göre Kürtaj ile İlgili Görüşlerin ve Delillerin Değerlendiril-mesi: Bosna Örneği. İzmir: İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University, Institute of Social Sciences, Master's Thesis, 2020.
  • Pew Research Center (PEW) “Spring 2013 Survey: Pew Research Center’s Global Attitudes Project (blog), 01 Mayıs 2013”. Access 24 August 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2013/05/01/spring-2013-survey/
  • Resmî Gazete. "Rahim Tahliyesi ve Sterilizasyon Hizmetlerinin Yürütülmesi ve Denet-lenmesine İlişkin Tüzük." (18 December 1983). https://www.mev-zuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/2.5.837395.pdf
  • Rue, Vincent M., Priscilla K. Coleman, James J. Rue, and David C. Reardon. "Induced Abortion and Traumatic Stress: A Preliminary Comparison of American and Russian Women". Medical Science Monitor 10/10 (2004): 5-16.
  • Shah, Prakesh S. - Zao, J. “Induced Termination of Pregnancy and Low Birthweight and Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses”. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 116/11 (2009), 1425-1442.
  • Milliyet. “Kürtaj Yaptıran Kadına Hapis” (18 July 2012). https://www.milli-yet.com.tr/siyaset/kurtaj-yaptiran-kadina-hapis-1568525
  • Steensland, Brian vd. “The Measure of American religion: Toward Improving the State of the Art”. Social forces 79/1 (2000), 291-318.
  • Tamney, Joseph B. vd. “The Abortion Controversy: Conflicting Beliefs and Values in American society”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (1992), 32–46.
  • The Holy Qur’an: Translation and Commentary, trans. Maulana Muhammed Ali (Ohio: Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam Lahore Inc., 2002).
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (Turkstat), "General Management of Population and Citizenship 2012". Access on 24 August 2020. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/In-dex?p=Birth-Statistics-2011-10923
  • Wilcox, Clyde. “Race, Religion, Region and Abortion Attitudes”, Sociological Analysis 53/1 (1992), 97-105.
  • Woodrum, Eric - Davison, Beth L. “Reexamination of Religious Influences on Abortion Attitudes”. Review of Religious Research (1992), 229-243.
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Dogan Hatun

Murat Yılmaz

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 42

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD Hatun, Dogan - Yılmaz, Murat. “Religiosity and Public Attitudes Toward Abortion Among Turkish Adults: From an Islamic Perspective”. Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 22/42 (Aralık 2020), 433-456. https://doi.org/10.17335/sakaifd.784869.

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