A Critique of Karl Popper's Methodology

accepted according to Popper apodictic knowledge argues argument auxiliary hypotheses auxiliary theory basic statements Bernoulli's theorem causal factors ceteris paribus clauses colour consists criticism degree of falsifiability discussion empirical content epistemological epistemology example existential statements explain falsificationism Feyerabend Gibson Hempel hypothesis Ibid implies incommensurable initial conditions instance interpretation Kuhn Kuhn's Lakatos Lakatos's Logic of Scientific marxism means ments metaphysical methodological individualism methodological rules never normal science objects of experience opinion perceived perception perceptual systems philosophy of perception philosophy of science Popper says Popper's methodology Popper's rule Popper's views Popperian possible potential falsifiers predictions presuppose primary in relation principle probability statements problem properties question quotation reason refute regarded rejected requirement Scientific Discovery scientists sensations sense sense-data paradigm singular existential statements singular statements situation social sciences specified statements are primary stimulus information testable tested theoretical thing tion true universal statements unproblematic