Skip to main content
Log in

Innovation Through Tradition: Rediscovering the “Humanist” in the Medical Humanities

  • Published:
Journal of Medical Humanities Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Throughout its fifty-year history, the role of the medical humanist and even the name “medical humanities” has remained raw, dynamic and contested. What do we mean when we call ourselves “humanists” and our practice “medical humanities?” To address these questions, we turn to the concept of origin narratives. After explaining the value of these stories, we focus on one particularly rich origin narrative of the medical humanities by telling the story of how a group of educators, ethicists, and scholars struggling to define their relatively new field rediscovered the studia humanitatis, a Renaissance curriculum for learning and teaching. Our origin narrative is composed of two intertwined stories—the history of the studia humanitatis itself and the story of the scholars who rediscovered it. We argue that as an origin narrative the studia humanitatis grounds the medical humanities as both an engaged moral practice and pedagogical project. In the latter part of the paper, we use this origin narrative to show how medical humanists working in translational science can use their understanding of their historical roots to do meaningful work in the world.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andre, Judith. 2001. “The Medical Humanities as an Elephant Seen by Blind Men.” Medical Humanities Review 15:53-59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnard, David. 2001. “Generations Do Not Write Books: A Sociological Autobiography of My Medical Humanities Career.” Medical Humanities Review 15:21–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boorse, Christopher. 1977. “Health as a Theoretical Concept.” Philosophy of Science 44:542–573.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brody, Howard. 2011. “Defining the Medical Humanities: Three Conceptions and Three Narratives.” Journal of Medical Humanities 32:1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, Chester R. 2001. “A Journey in the Borderlands of Medicine and the Humanities.” Medical Humanities Review 15:9–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carson, Ronald A. 1994. “Teaching Ethics in the Context of the Medical Humanities.” Journal of Medical Ethics 20: 235-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2007. “Engaged Humanities: Moral Work in the Precincts of Medicine.” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 50:321-333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2011. “On Metaphorical Concentration: Language and Meaning in Patient-Physician Relations.” Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 36:385-93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cicero, Marcus Tullius. 1888. “De Inventione Book 1.” In The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero, translated by C.D. Younge, 241-380. London: George Bell & Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole, Thomas R. 2002. “Toward A Humanist Bioethics: Commentary on Churchill and Andre.” In Philosophy of Medicine and Bioethics, edited by Ronald A. Carson and Chester R. Burns,173–179. Houten, Netherlands: Springer Netherlands.

  • Cole, Thomas R., Carlin, Nathan A., Carson, Ronald A. 2015. Medical Humanities: An Introduction. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, Daniel M. 1985. “Who We Are: The Political Origins of the Medical Humanities.” Theoretical Medicine 6:327–341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jeschke MG, Gauglitz GG, Kulp GA, Finnerty CC, Williams FN, Kraft R, Suman OE, Mlcak RP, Herndon DN. 2011. “Long-term Persistence of the Pathophysiologic Response to Severe Burn Injury.” PLoS One 6:e21245. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021245.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ketham, Johannes de. 1493. Fasciculo de medicina. Sta[m]pito per Zuane & Gregorio di Gregorii Venice, Italy. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Accessed November 6, 2014. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/historicalanatomies/ketham_home.html.

  • Ludmerer, Kenneth. 1999. Time to Heal : American Medical Education from the Turn of the Century to the Era of Managed Care: American Medical Education from the Turn of the Century to the Era of Managed Care. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

  • Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 1968. The Visible and the Invisible. Translated by Alphonso Lingis. Evanston: Northwestern University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moeller FG, Barratt ES, Dougherty DM, Schmitz JM, Swann AC. 2001. “Psychiatric Aspects of Impulsivity.” American Journal of Psychiatry 158:1783-93. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.11.1783.

  • Office of Human Research Protections. 2007. “Guidance on Reviewing and Reporting Unanticipated Problems Involving Risks to Subjects or Others and Adverse Events.” Accessed October 28, 2014. http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/policy/advevntguid.html.

  • Petrarch, Francesco. 2005. Letters on Familiar Matters (Rerum Familiarium Libri): Vol. 1: Books I-VIII. Translated by Aldo S. Bernardo. New York: Italica Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1948.“On His Own Ignorance and That of Many Others (1367).” In The Renaissance Philosophy of Man, translated by Hans Nachod and edited by Ernst Cassirer, Paul Oskar Kristeller, and John Herman Randall, Jr.. 47-133. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrino, Edmund D. 1999. “The Origins and Evolution of Bioethics: Some Personal Reflections.” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 9:73–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Proctor, Robert E. 1998. Defining the Humanities: How Rediscovering a Tradition Can Improve Our Schools : With a Curriculum for Today’s Students. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

  • Remer, Gary. 2008. Humanism and the Rhetoric of Toleration. University Park: Penn State Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2009. “Rhetoric as a Balancing of Ends: Cicero and Machiavelli.” Philosophy and Rhetoric 42:1–28. doi:10.1353/par.0.0024.

  • Rothman, David J. 2003. Strangers at the Bedside: A History of How Law and Bioethics Transformed Medical Decision Making. Piscataway: Aldine Transaction.

    Google Scholar 

  • Squier, Susan Merrill. 2007. “Beyond Nescience: The Intersectional Insights of Health Humanities.” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 50:334–347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Starr, Paul. 1982. The Social Transformation of American Medicine. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toumey, Christopher P. 1993. “Evolution and Secular Humanism.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion 61:275–301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vesalius, Andreas. 1542. To the Divine Charles V, the Mightiest and Most Unvanquished Emperor: Andreas Vesalius’ Preface to his books On the Fabric of the Human Body, translated by Daniel Garrison and Malcolm Hast. Accessed January 30, 2014. http://vesalius.northwestern.edu/books/FA.a.html.

  • ———. 1543. De humani corporis fabrica libri septem. Basel, Switzerland. : Ex officina Joannis Oporini. Accessed December 6, 2014. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/historicalanatomies/Images/1200_pixels/Vesalius_TitlePg.jpg.

  • Walker, M.U. 1993. “Keeping Moral Space Open: New Images of Ethics Consulting.” Hastings Center Report 23:33-40. doi:10.2307/3562818.

  • Waswo, Richard. 1988. “The History That Literature Makes.” New Literary History 19:541-564.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zerhouni, Elias. 2003. “The NIH Roadmap.” Science 302:63–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

A portion of this work was conducted with the support of the Institute for Translational Sciences at the University of Texas Medical Branch, supported in part by a Clinical and Translational Science Award (UL1TR000071) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Julie Kutac.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kutac, J., Osipov, R. & Childress, A. Innovation Through Tradition: Rediscovering the “Humanist” in the Medical Humanities. J Med Humanit 37, 371–387 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10912-015-9364-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10912-015-9364-2

Keywords

Navigation