Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-p2v8j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-04T19:31:24.324Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Worldwide Strategies for HIV Control: WHO's Special Programme on AIDS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2021

Jonathan Mann
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the entire spectrum of disease associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are the subject of intense international interest and concern. From the viewpoint of the World Health Organization (WHO), HIV is not simply one of a series of newly recognized diseases emerging during the past decade but is a problem with several biological and epidemiological features that justify a unique sense of urgency among public health officials, political leaders, and the general public.

This article describes the evolution of a global perspective and response to HIV, reviews the current international epidemiological situation, explores the principal elements, both conceptual and operational, of WHO's global strategy for HIV control, and discusses the major approaches to HIV prevention in the current global context.

Type
Article
Information
Law, Medicine and Healthcare , Volume 14 , Issue 5-6 , December 1986 , pp. 290 - 297
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of Law, Medicine and Ethics 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Friedman-Kien, A et al., Kaposi's sarcoma and Pneumocystis pneumonia among homosexual men—New York City and California, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1981, 30(25): 305–8.Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control, Task Force on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Update on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)—United States, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1982, 31(37): 507–8, 513-14.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (hereafter “WHO”), Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) update, Weekly Epidemiological Record 1983, 58: 351.Google Scholar
Pape, JW et al., Characteristics of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Haiti, New England Journal of Medicine 1983, 309(16): 945–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piot, P et al., Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a heterosexual population in Zaire, Lancet 1984, 2(8394): 65–69.Google Scholar
WHO, The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): Memorandum from a WHO meeting, Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1985, 63(4): 667–72.Google Scholar
WHO, AIDS and the WHO collaborating centres: Memorandum from a WHO meeting, Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1985, 63(6): 1003–7.Google Scholar
WHO, Second meeting of the WHO collaborating centres on AIDS: Memorandum from a WHO meeting, Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1986, 64(1): 37–46.Google Scholar
WHO, Workshop on AIDS in Central Africa, Bangui, Central African Republic, October 22-25, 1985, WHO/CDS/AIDS/85.1.Google Scholar
WHO, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): Plan of action for control in the African Region, Weekly Epidemiological Record 1986, 61: 93–100.Google Scholar
WHO, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Resolution of the Thirty-ninth World Health Assembly, WHA39.29, May 16, 1986.Google Scholar
Downs, AM, Ancelle, R, Brunet, JB, AIDS in Europe: Current trends and future predictions estimated from surveillance data, unpublished document, 1986.Google Scholar
Georges, AJ et al., Antibodies to LAV/HTLV-III in various population groups of the Central African Republic, poster presented at the International Conference on AIDS (ICA), Paris, June 23–25, 1986.Google Scholar
Merlin, M et al., Evaluation of the prevalence of anti-LAV/HTLV-III antibodies in the Central African population: About 12 sample surveys, poster presented at ICA, Paris, 1986.Google Scholar
Lloyd G (PHLS Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research), Prevalence of HIV infection and AIDS in Uganda, personal communication, July 17, 1986.Google Scholar
Mann, JM et al., HIV seroprevalence among hospital workers in Kinshasa, Zaire: Lack of association with occupational exposure, Journal of the American Medical Association 1986, 256: 3099.Google ScholarPubMed
Hira, KS et al., The epidemiology and clinical manifestations of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and its related complex (ARC) in Zambia, notes presented at ICA, Paris, 1986.Google Scholar
Biggar, RJ, The AIDS problem in Africa, Lancet 1986, 1(8472): 79–83.Google ScholarPubMed
Georges, et al., supra note 13.Google Scholar
Simonsen, N et al., Longitudinal study of a cohort of HTLV-III/LAV infected prostitutes in Nairobi, notes presented at ICA, Paris, 1986.Google Scholar
Forthal, DN et al., AIDS in Tanzania, 1986, 14 p. (unpublished).Google Scholar
Mann, JM et al., Sexual practices associated with LAV/HTLV-III seropositivity among female prostitutes in Kinshasa, Zaire, abstract presented at ICA, Paris, 1986.Google Scholar
Piot, P et al., Retrospective seroepidemiology of AIDS virus infection in Nairobi populations, abstract submitted to ICA, Paris, 1986.Google Scholar
Redfield R (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research), Seroprevalence of HIV in Zambia, personal communication, July 8, 1986.Google Scholar
Brun-Vezinet, F et al., LAV2 (HIV2) in AIDS and ARC patients: Clinical and virological studies, submitted for publication.Google Scholar
Kanki, PJ et al., Science 1986: 232, 238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Centers for Disease Control, Weekly surveillance report: United States AIDS activity (tables), Atlanta, Georgia, June 9, 1986.Google Scholar
WHO Collaborating Centre on AIDS, Institut de Médecine et d'Epidémiologie africaines et tropicales, AIDS Surveillance in Europe, Report No. 10, Paris, 1986.Google Scholar
Johns Hopkins University, Population Reports, 1986, 14(3), series L6.Google Scholar
WHO Collaborating Centre on AIDS, supra note 28.Google Scholar
Mann, JM et al., Surveillance for AIDS in a Central African city: Kinshasa, Zaire, Journal of the American Medical Association 1986, 255(23): 3255–59.Google Scholar
WHO Collaborating Centre on AIDS, supra note 28.Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control, supra note 27.Google Scholar
WHO Collaborating Centre on AIDS, supra note 28.Google Scholar
Mann, JM et al., Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity among children 1–24 months old in Kinshasa, Zaire, Lancet 1986, pp. 654–57 (Sept. 20).Google Scholar
Michel, JM, Why do people like medicines? A perspective from Africa, Lancet 1985, i: 210–11.Google Scholar
Quinn, TC et al., AIDS in Africa: An epidemiologic paradigm, Science 1986, 234: 955–63.Google ScholarPubMed
Mann, JM et al., Prevalence of HTLV-III/LAV in household contacts of patients with confirmed AIDS and controls in Kinshasa, Zaire, Journal of the American Medical Association 1986, 256(6): 721–24; Friedland, GH et al., Lack of transmission of HTLV-III/LAV infection to household contacts of patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex with oral candidiasis, New England Journal of Medicine 1986, 314(6): 344-49; Jason, JM et al., HTLV-III/LAV antibody and immune status of household contacts and sexual partners of persons with hemophilia, Journal of the American Medical Association 1986, 255(2): 212-15.Google ScholarPubMed
Zuckerman, AJ, AIDS and insects, British Medical Journal 1986, 292: 1094–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goedert, JJ et al., Three-year incidence of AIDS in five cohorts of HTLV-III-infected risk group members, Science 1986, 321 (February 28).Google Scholar
WHO, Report of meeting on educational strategies for the prevention and control of AIDS, Geneva, June 17–19, 1986, AIDS/CPA/86.4.Google Scholar