Abstract
I argue that, contrary to thestandard view, the Newtonian universe containsno contingency. I do this by arguing (i) thatno contingency is introduced into the Newtonianuniverse by the initial conditions of physicalsystems in the universe, and (ii) that theclaim that the Newtonian universe as a wholehas contingent properties leads to incoherence.This result suggests that Newtonian physics iseither inconsistent or incomplete, since thelaws of Newtonian physics are too weak todetermine all the properties of the Newtonianuniverse uniquely.
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McAllister, J.W. Absence of Contingency in the Newtonian Universe. Foundations of Science 9, 191–210 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:FODA.0000025038.33021.0f
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:FODA.0000025038.33021.0f