1 There is no critical edition of this letter. On its textual tradition, see Maier, A., ‘Der Wiederruf der ‘articuli parisienses’ (1277) im Jahr 1325’, Archivum fratrum praedicatorum XXXVIII(1968), pp. 13-19Google Scholar. We have followed the text given in Chartularium universitatis parisiensis, H. Denifle É. Chatelain ed, t. ii sect. prior (Paris : ex typis fratrum Delalain 1891), pp. 280-281 §838. The text alone of this edition is reproduced in Fontes vitae sancti Thomae, D. Prümmer M.-H. Laurent ed, (Toulouse Saint-Maximin: Revue thomiste, [1912-]1937), pp. 666-669. The text of the CUP is taken from the ms. Cambridge, Univ. Library Ji.III.10 f. 39 which is one of the oldest (if not the oldest) witnesses to this letter quoted at the end of the Responsiones ad 19 articulos ex parte Beatitudinis Apostolicae missos fratri Armando rectori sacri palatii. On Armand de Belvézer, his Responsiones and the mention of the letter, see the presentation and notes by Bonino, S.-Th., ‘Autour d'Armand de Belvézer. Le thomisme en France au XIVe siècle’, Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques 96 (2012), pp. 239-248Google Scholar.

2 Among the many publications on these articles of 1277, see first and foremost the edition and commentary of La condamnation parisienne de 1277: Nouvelle édition du texte latin, traduction, introduction et commentaire par D. Piché avec la collaboration de Cl. Lafleur, ‘Sic et Non’, (Paris: Librairie philosophique J. Vrin, 1999). Among recent studies on this period 1277-1325, see R. Saccenti, ‘Correctoria, Correctoria corruptorii, Beatificatio. L'ordine domenicano, l'eredità di Tommaso d'Aquino e Giovanni XXII’, in Giovanni XXII Cultura e politica di un papa avignonese, Centro italiano di studi sul basso medioevo Academia tudertina eds, (Spoleto: Centro italiano di studi sull'alto medioevo, 2020), pp. 329-353.

3 « … doctrine ac fame beati Thome predicti injustam denigrationem, veritatis occultationem et sancte Romane ecclesie aliqualem deshonorationem … » CUP ii/1, p. 280.

4 « … veritatis viam aperiremus, per quam in predictis articulis, in quantum doctrinam beati Thome predicti tangere possunt, et sancte Romane ecclesie ac predicti sancti honorem ac reverentiam servaremus. » CUP ii/1, p. 280.

5 « … sacrosancta Romana ecclesia, fidelium omnium mater et magistra, in firmissima Petri, Christi vicarii, confessione fundata, ad quam velut ad universalem regulam catholice fidei pertinet approbatio et reprobatio doctrinarum, declaratio dubiorum, determinatio tenendorum, et confutatio errorum, prefatum doctorem eximium et venerabilem, cujus doctrina fulget ecclesia[m] ut sole luna[m], nuper sanctorum confessorum cathalogo adscribendum decrevit, diligenti discussione et examinatione prehabita super vita ipsius et doctrina, ipsumque quoad vitam puram ac doctrinam salubrem orbi terrae commendabilem predicavit … » CUP ii/1 p. 280.

6 « … comperto per Dei gratiam, dictum confessorem beatum nil unquam sensisse , docuisse seu scripsisse, quod sane fidei vel bonis moribus adversetur … supradictam articulorum condempnationem et excommunicationis sententiam, quantum tangunt et tangere asseruntur doctrinam beati Thome predicti, ex certa tenore presentium totaliter annullamus… » CUP ii/1, p. 281.

7 Among these we may cite by way of example the edited volumes published by two major institutions: Mélanges thomistes publiés par les dominicains de la province de France à l'occasion du VIe centenaire de la canonisation de saint Thomas d'Aquin (18 juillet 1323), Bibliothèque thomiste iii, (Le Saulchoir, Kain (Belgique): Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques, 1923), 408 pp.; Xenia thomistica a plurimis orbis catholici viris eruditis praeparata quae sancto Thomae Aquinati doctori communi et angelico anno ab eius canonizatione sexcentesimo devotissime offert reverendissimus pater Ludovicus Theissling sacrae theologiae professor magister generalis ordinis praedicatorum, edenda curavit P. sadoc Szabó, O.P. apud ‘Angelicum’ Institutum pontificium internationale in Urbe regens, 3 volumes, (Romae: Typis polyglottis vaticanis, 1925), 567+610+625 pp. The Bulletin thomiste, founded in 1924, reported on the centenary: see Bulletin thomiste 1(1924), pp. 29-32 for the chronicle, as well as all the bibliographical notes.

8 The manuscript now bears the following call number: Toulouse, Archives départementales de la Haute-Garonne, 112 H 29 (1). Marie-Thérèse Porte, who died in 1958, was a secular tertiary of the Order of Preachers and then a Dominican nun in the monastery of Dax under the name of Sœur Diane du Christ. It was under this name that a piece of her research in the Archives départementales de la Haute-Garonne was published posthumously : du Christ, Sœur Diane, Un foyer de spiritualité dominicaine au XVIIe siècle : le monastère Sainte-Catherine de Sienne de Toulouse, (Toulouse: Privat, 1976)Google Scholar. The preface by C. Tournier mentions his discovery of the bull of John XXII, a discovery published on 5 June 1923 by G. Loirette, the departmental archivist, p. 7, n. 1. See also Bulletin thomiste 1(1924) p. 17 §5 and Walz, A., ‘De bulla canonizationis sancti Thomae aquinatis’, Analecta sacri ordinis fratrum praedicatorum 16 (1923), p. 173-192Google Scholar + 1 facsim. The Toulouse discovery is mentioned on p. 174 with only the name of the department archivist.

9 He published his edition of the bull twice: once with a critical introduction and notes in the Analecta SOP (see previous note), and the other with the text alone appended to an article on the history of the canonisation; see Walz, A., ‘Historia canonizationis sancti Thomae de Aquino’, Xenia thomistica vol. iii, pp. 105-172Google Scholar, followed by ‘Bulla canonizationis S. Thomae Aquinatis a Ioanne XXII P.M. emanata’, pp. 173-188.

10 It is in fact a series of articles that appeared in the Revue thomiste in 1909-1910, first collected in a separate volume, Fribourg : Albertinum, 1910, 142 pp. The same year saw the publication of the definitive edition: P. Mandonnet, Des écrits authentiques de S. Thomas d'Aquin, second revised edn, (Fribourg (Switzerland): Imprimerie de l'œuvre de Saint-Paul, 1910), 158 pp. Details of the articles in the Revue thomiste that gave rise to this work can be found in Mélanges Mandonnet, Études d'histoire littéraire et doctrinale du moyen âge, tome i, ‘Bibliothèque thomiste XIII’, (Paris: Librairie philosophique J. Vrin, 1930), p. 10 §31.

11 This name was commonly used until M. Grabmann's publication in 1931: see, for example, A.-D. Sertillanges, S. Thomas d'Aquin, ‘Les grands philosophes’, t. i, (Paris: Félix Alcan, 1910) p. 7-9, which reproduces the ‘Official catalogue of the works of Saint Thomas Aquinas drawn from the Process of Canonisation’ referring to the very recent work of P. Mandonnet. On the list of Bartholomew of Capua, see the study and edition of its deposition by Robiglio, A. A., La sopravivenza e la gloria, Appunti sulla formazione della prima scuola tomista (sec. xiv), ‘Sacra doctrina’, (Bologna: Edizioni Studio Domenicano, 2008) pp. 73-103Google Scholar.

12 These are the mss. Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, latin 3112 and 3113.

13 He thus fulfilled the wish of scholars and researchers as expressed, for example, by Taurisano, I., ‘Discepoli e biografi di S. Tommaso’, in S. Tommaso d'Aquino O.P., Miscellanea strorico-artistica, (Roma: Società tipografica A. Manuzio, 1924), p.154Google Scholar, n.2. It should be remembered here that the editio princeps of the record of the canonisation of Thomas Aquinas by the Bollandists in the first volume of Acta sanctorum Martii only includes the Naples process and even then in a truncated form, especially of the ‘official catalogue’, as the Jesuit fathers had access to the mutilated ms. Archivum Generale OP X 2877.

14 The first limitation is that Prümmer gives temporal priority to the life of Peter Calo, whereas critical analysis shows that it assumes that the lives by Tocco and Gui are complete, with the exception of a few elements specific to Calo. Another limitation of the work, which in our opinion is more serious, is that apart from the appendix, the reader is only given complete texts: the lives and the processes. Earlier and fragmentary sources on the life of Thomas are left out, such as the Vitae fratrum, the Bonum universale de apibus by Thomas of Cantimpré, the Annales and the Historia ecclesiastica nova by Ptolemy of Lucca.

15 The first edition of these lists is as follows: Grabmann, M., Die Werke des hl. Thomas von Aquin, Eine literarhistorische Untersuchung und Einführung, Zweite völlig neugearbeitete und vermehrte Auflage, ‘Beiträge zur Geschichte der Philosophie und Theologie des Mittelalters’ Band XXII Heft 1-2, (Münster im Westf.: Verlag der aschendorffchen Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1931), pp. 88-96Google Scholar under the subtitle ‘Zwei unedierte Prager Kataloge der Werke des hl. Thomas von Aquin’. Under the same serial number in the Beiträge there is (1) an earlier edition of this work with the title Die echten Werken etc. in 1920, (2) an enlarged edition in 1949 with the same title as in 1931, (3) this last version republished identically with a preface and a bibliographical supplement in 1967.

16 For the presentation of these two lists, we follow closely H.-V. Shooner, Listes anciennes, Doctoral thesis, Ottawa 1974, pp. 44-47, 82-83. The full reference for this thesis can be found in note 18 below.

17 It should be noted that Robert Winchelsey, an intellectual who became a pastor, was the subject of two requests for canonisation made to John XXII, but which did not result in the opening of a formal process: Vauchez, A., La sainteté en Occident aux derniers siècles du Moyen Âge (1198-1431), Recherches sur les mentalités religieuses médiévales, 3rd edition, (Rome: École française de Rome, 2014), p. 79Google Scholar n. 22 for the pope's response in 1318 to Thomas of Lancaster's request and p. 93-98 for the royal request of 1326-1328. A. Vauchez discusses the Franco-Angevin ‘lobby’ (pp. 94-95) for canonisations during the Avignon period, with the only exception for England being that of Thomas de Cantiloupe, Bishop of Hereford, in 1320. These two intellectual and university-educated bishops are representative of the gradual ‘appreciation of erudition’ [valorisation de la culture] which led to the canonisation of Thomas Aquinas: A. Vauchez, La sainteté en Occident …, p. 463-464 for Thomas de Cantiloupe and more generally p. 455-472 ‘Crise du modèle évangélique et valorisation de la culture’.

18 Listes anciennes des écrits de Thomas d'Aquin by Hugues-V. Shooner. Thesis presented for the degree of Philosophiae Doctor (PhD) in Theology, Collège dominicain de philosophie et de théologie, Ottawa, March 1974, 330 pp. This thesis has not been published.

19 We are thinking here of the very appropriate expression ‘Le pouvoir des listes au Moyen Âge’ [the power of lists in the Middle Ages], the title of three volumes published by the Sorbonne, Paris, from 2019 to 2023, which explore the variations on this theme.

20 Ystoria sancti Thome de Aquino by Guillaume de Tocco (1323), Critical edition, introduction and notes by Claire le Brun-Gouanvic, ‘Studies and texts 127’, (Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1996), 298 pp. Previous editions (Acta sanctorum and Prümmer in Fontes) had access to different manuscripts and achieved a fairly limited output: see Ystoria … pp. 77 and 79.

21 For the various influences on the canonisation of Thomas Aquinas, see A. Vauchez, La sainteté en Occident …, pp. 92-93, 467-468 among many other references and on the tension between miracles and virtues pp. 63-64 and on the complementary process for Thomas p. 64 n. 81. On the issues involved in the canonisation of Thomas Aquinas, in addition to older studies such as L. V. Gerulaitis, ‘The canonization of Saint Thomas Aquinas’, Vivarium V (1967) pp. 25-46, and Walz, A., ‘Papst Johannes XXII und Thomas von Aquin, Zur Geschichte der Heiligsprechung des Aquinaten’, in St. Thomas Aquinas 1274-1974 Commemorative Studies, Volume i, (Toronto Canada: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1974), pp. 29-47Google Scholar, and the important introduction to the edition of the Ystoria sancti Thome by C. le Brun-Gouanvic, see also the recent and convincing studies by A. Vauchez, ‘La politique de la sainteté de Jean XXII promus et “recalés”’, in Giovanni XXII Cultura e politica di un papa avignonese, Centro italiano di studi sul basso medioevo Academia tudertina ed, (Spoleto: Centro italiano di studi sull'alto medioevo, 2020), pp. 293-309Google Scholar and the summary by Tilatti, A., ‘La canonizzazione di Tommaso d'Aquino come crocevia di intenzioni eterogenee’, in Fra trionfi e sconfitte: politica della santità dell'Ordine dei predicatori, Viliam Štefan Doci & Gianni Festa eds, Institutum historicum ordinis praedicatorum Romae Dissertationes historicae XXXIX, (Rome: Angelicum University Press, 2021), pp. 61-82Google Scholar.

22 Quoted by A. Vauchez, La sainteté …, p. 78 n. 21. The exact reference is as follows: Acta capitulorum generalium ordinis praedicatorum, vol. ii, Reichert, B. ed, ‘Monumenta ordinis fratrum praedicatorum historica tomus IV’, (Romae: Typographia polyglotta S.C. de propaganda fide, 1889), p. 123Google Scholar, l. 22-27.

23 See Ystoria p. 14-16 and p. 247-248 §lxxi ‘De nova inquisitione miraculorum in curia et ordinata’.

24 And undoubtedly particularly trying for William of Tocco, as perhaps witnessed to a priori by the passage from Ystoria … cap. 28, p. 152-153 l. 2-35, the chapter mentioned in the introduction, p. 14.

25 For Thomas de Cantilupe see A. Vauchez, ‘La politique de la sainteté …’, p. 299 and n. 13 with references to La sainteté en Occident. These two events, the General Chapter of Rouen and the canonisation of Thomas de Cantilupe, are not, to my knowledge, mentioned by le Brun-Gouanvic.

26 The two accounts of Thomas's canonization (see Fontes … p. 513-518) allow us to compare the ceremony fairly closely with that of Thomas de Cantilupe: Schimmelpfennig, B., Die Zeremonienbücher der römischen Kurie im Mittelalter, (Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 1973), p. 164-166Google Scholar §XIa ‘De canonisatione sancti Thome’. See also A. Vauchez, ‘La politique de la sainteté’, pp. 302-304. On pp. 306-307, the reader will find details and references concerning developments in the formula of canonisation during this period.

27 It is found in various forms: for example, in Thomas Pègues' edition of the Summa theologiae published between 1926 and 1935, where it is placed in the introduction (p. vii-xxx): ‘Quot articulos scripsit tot miracula fecit! Effatum Iohannis XXII’ in Sancti Thomae Aquinatis, Summa theologica de novo edita cura et studio collegii provinciae tolosanae eiusdem ordinis apud S. Maximinum, Prima pars, (Parisiis: sumptibus Andreae Blot editoris, 1926), p. vii.

28 See the synopsis of the two testimonies, Fontes … p. 513-518.

29 ‘Item quod inventa fuerunt de eo miracula non minus trecentis et quod tot fecerat miracula quot scripserat Articulos’. The italics are found in the edition in Monumenta conventus tolosani ordinis FF. Praedicatorum primi, ex vetustissimis manuscriptis originalibus transcripta et ss. Ecclesiae patrum placitis illustrata … Scriptore F. Joanne Joacobo Percin, (Tolosae: apud Joannem et Guillelmum Pech … sub signo Nominis Jesu, juxta Conventum FF. Praedicatorum, 1693), 2nd part, p. 229b, §2, ‘Caput xxxvii Canonizatio Almi doctoris ex nostro mss. V. de V.’. The final mention is to be understood from one verso page to another of the manuscript then in the convent of the Jacobins in Toulouse, transcribed by the author. Although the manuscript transcribed here, as elsewhere in this work, is Toulouse Bibliothèque municipale 610 pp. 80-82, it does not include the final phrase noted in italics by Percin.

30 Italics are also used for this same portion of text in Gerson's edition a few years later: Joannis Gersonii Doctoris Theologi & Cancellarii Parisiensis Opera omnia … opera & studio M. Lud. Ellies du Pin …, tomus secundus … pars prima, (Antwerpiae: Sumptibus Societatis, 1706), col. 712.

31 See the presentation of this work in Glorieux, P., ‘Gerson et les chartreux’, Recherches de théologie ancienne et médiévale XXVIII (1961), pp. 130-131Google Scholar.

32 J. Gerson, Œuvres complètes, Glorieux, P. ed., vol. X L’œuvre polémique (492-530), (Paris: Desclée & Cie, 1973), p. 41Google Scholar : « Inter ipsos confessores sanctos haec fuit differentia : nam qui scripserunt multa ad fidei illuminationem et magna sententia et doctrina pollebant, pauciora aut quasi nulla fecerunt miracula, praecipue in vita, quia habebant probationem sanctitatis in eminentia doctrinae; sic Augustinus, Gregorius, Hieronymus et similes. Unde cum in canonizatione sancti Thomae de Aquino, opponeretur a quibusdam quod non fecerat miracula in vita, vel non multa, dictum est per papam non esse curandum; et adjecit quoniam tot miracula fecit quot quaestiones determinavit. »

33 For the date see P. Glorieux, ‘Gerson et les chartreux’ …, p. 130 and Gerson, Jean, Œuvres complètes, introduction textes et notes par Mgr Glorieux, vol. X L'œuvre polémique (492-530), (Paris: Desclée & Cie, 1973), p. xiGoogle Scholar and 40.

34 P. Glorieux, ‘Gerson et les chartreux’ …, p. 131.

35 The author would like to express his deep gratitude to Matthew Jarvis OP, who kindly translated this article from French to English.