Abstract
Devices that record from and stimulate the brain are currently available for consumer use. The increasing sophistication and resolution of these devices provide consumers with the opportunity to engage in do-it-yourself brain research and contribute to neuroscience knowledge. The rise of do-it-yourself (DIY) neuroscience may provide an enriched fund of neural data for researchers, but also raises difficult questions about data quality, standards, and the boundaries of scientific practice. We administered an online survey to brain–computer interface (BCI) researchers to gather their perspectives on DIY brain research. While BCI researcher concerns about data quality and reproducibility were high, the possibility of expert validation of data generated by citizen neuroscientists mitigated concerns. We discuss survey results in the context of an established ethical framework for citizen science, and describe the potential of constructive collaboration between citizens and researchers to both increase data collection and advance understanding of how the brain operates outside the confines of the lab.
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Notes
While we specifically surveyed BCI researchers, we anticipate that our discussion is applicable to neuroscientists more broadly as key stakeholders in citizen neuroscience.
We recognize that not all readers will agree with this more expansive notion of citizen neuroscience. A fully developed argument in support of this view is needed but not possible here. Suffice it to say, settling this question is important but not necessary for the kind of ethical exploration engaged in here.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Sara Goering and the Center for Neurotechnology Neuroethics Thrust at the University of Washington for their feedback and comments on the manuscript. The authors also thank the BCI scientists who piloted the survey. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation EEC#1028725.
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Naufel is currently (I (Naufel) was not a FB employee when I first submitted the manuscript but I am now at the time of publication) a Facebook employee and is part of the company’s Brain–Computer Interface group. Klein has no conflicts to declare.
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Naufel, S., Klein, E. Citizen Neuroscience: Brain–Computer Interface Researcher Perspectives on Do-It-Yourself Brain Research. Sci Eng Ethics 26, 2769–2790 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-020-00227-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-020-00227-z